Wei and Jin Dynasties were from 220 to 420 AD. A large number of celebrities lived in seclusion in the mountains, talked about metaphysics and Taoism, and indulged in drinking and having fun. These celebrities are maverick, not limited by secular rules and regulations, and always do things that are difficult for ordinary people to understand. In modern times, they are all network celebrities. The most famous celebrity idol celebrity is the Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest, and Liu Ling is one of them.
Portrait of Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest —— Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest in Wikipedia
Liu Ling, one of the seven sages of bamboo forest, is famous for celebrating his birthday by indulging in wine. According to the biography of Liu Ling in the Book of Jin, Liu Ling was "six feet long and unattractive." The height of the present unit is less than 1.5 meters, and the appearance is rarely evaluated in general history books, so it is very likely that Liu Ling's ugliness was "famous" at that time. Of course, due to the antagonistic relationship between the seven sages of bamboo forest and Sima Shi at that time, it is not impossible to intentionally vilify the image of Liu Ling in the Book of Jin.
The Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest and the Brilliant Period of Brick Painting in Southern Dynasties. From left to right are Ruan Xian, Liu Ling and Xiang Xiu. -Wikipedia "Liu Ling" entry
Parents who are deeply influenced by their bodies will be too superficial to judge a book by its appearance, so let's change the topic and look at Liu Ling. Liu Ling's greatest feature is her habit of drinking. He often rode a deer cart (an ancient car) with a pot of wine, followed by a servant with a hoe, and said to the servant, "If I die drunk on the road, bury me on the spot." I often ride a deer cart, carry a pot of wine, make people bear the burden, and then say, "bury me when I die." -"The Book of Jin, Liu Lingchuan") It can be seen that for this song "Romantic Tales of Celebrities", Liu Ling has already turned his back on life and death.
The lyrics of "Song on a Large Scale" are sparse and crazy, and the song dies and is buried, which is an allusion borrowed from Liu Ling.
It doesn't matter if it's just an alcoholic. Liu Ling is still a "performance art", which carries forward the spirit of "the more famous the teacher is, the more natural it is". . Once, he drank too much at home alone, so he took off all his clothes and left the door open. Passers-by came to laugh at him when they saw it. Liu Ling said, "I regard heaven and earth as my big house. This house is my pants. How did you get into my crotch? " (Liu Lingheng indulged in wine or stripped naked in the house, and everyone laughed at him. Ling said, "I take heaven and earth as the building and room as the room? (kūn, crotch pants. ) clothes, what do you mean by entering me? Medium? -"Shi Shuo Ren Xinyu Dan") Its dissolute form can be seen.
Later, Liu Ling was not even satisfied with being naked in the house, but actually ran naked once. As one of the seven sages of bamboo forest, Liu Ling has a good relationship with Ji Kang. They don't want to be an official or serve the Sima family, so they all choose to live in seclusion in the countryside. Liu Ling lives in seclusion in Du Kang Village, Ruyang County. When the imperial court learned of this, it sent a special envoy here to prepare for Liu Ling to become an official. When Liu Ling learned about it, the special envoy of the imperial court had arrived at the village entrance, knowing that it was not good to do so, but he changed his mind and came up with a plan. Liu Ling immediately got as drunk as a fiddler, took off his clothes and ran to the village court's special envoy. At that time, the special envoy's psychology must have collapsed: "There are many ways to refuse to be an official: I have heard of Xu You, who doesn't want to be an official, and I have also heard of Ji Kang, who is also the seven sages of the bamboo forest. It is necessary to strike hard while the iron is hot, but who has seen this kind of battle?" In ancient times, hermits were dissatisfied with the political affairs of the dynasty and didn't want to be an official in the dynasty. At most, they were desperate and starved to death like Bo Shuyaqi. However, as we all know, the literati in China from ancient times to the present cherish feathers very much, and regard honor above heaven. As the saying goes, "I will spare no effort to break my bones, and I will leave my innocence in this world." But in front of this streaking person, some people actually say that it is a generation of celebrities, or the world is crazy, or I am crazy. "So the envoy turned to leave. The source of this story can't be found in historical materials, and it is suspected to be folklore or local chronicles. )
Of course, Liu Ling entered the Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest not only because of drinking. Liu Ling's masterpiece Ode to the Virtue of Wine is elegant and fluent, with beautiful words and quite Zhuang and Zhou style. Now I will copy it for you to taste.
There are adults and gentlemen who regard heaven and earth as the time, ten thousand generations as a moment, the sun and the moon as a sacrifice, and the eight shortages as a sacrifice. There is no trace of travel, no room to live in, and the night is on the ground. Take the bottle when you stop, and carry the pot when you move. Only wine is business. How do you know the rest?
And your son, Chu Shi, a courtier, got wind of me and talked about it. This is a problem of arrogance, glaring and gnashing teeth. Chen said that etiquette is the front of right and wrong. Mr. Wang then picked up the bowl and filled it with mashed potatoes. I am eager to lie on my back, my pillow is bent by bad things, I am carefree and I am happy. When you are drunk, you wake up. Listen to the sound of thunder, turn a blind eye to the shape of Mount Tai, and feel the feeling of cutting meat and lust in cold and hot weather. Looking down on everything, it is like duckweed in Jianghan for three years; Fannie and Freddie waited on them like grasshoppers and moths. -"Ode to the Virtue of Wine"
Since Liu Ling drew a clear line with the imperial court, she also indulged in landscapes and finally lived a long and honest life. It is recorded in the Book of Jin: "Ten thousand generations have won songs with the highest rank, and solo music is useless." Actually ended his life. "I have to feel that Liu Ling has drunk countless times in my life, and he can live a long life and be loyal, which is enough to prove that this person is open-minded.
Metaphysics popular in Wei and Jin Dynasties, especially the Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest, is the representative of metaphysics. Metaphysics originated from Laozi, Zhuangzi and Zhouyi. It pays attention to self-cultivation, is close to nature, does not stick to etiquette, and pursues the freedom and perfection of individual body and mind. Since the Han Dynasty, it has been a powerful counterattack to the study of Zhuangzi to "oust a hundred schools of thought and respect Confucianism alone". After Ruan Ji's mother died, he went to eat, drink and eat meat with King Si Mazhao of Jinwen. Si Mazhao advocated governing the country with filial piety, but he even excused Ruan Ji. It is enough to prove that Confucian etiquette was extremely declining at that time.
Of course, it's not that the seven sages of the bamboo forest have such great skills, and attracting a large wave of fans can raze the Confucian highlands to the ground. In the era of Liu Ling's life, Sima family raised Cao Wei's royal family through the change of Gao Ping Ling. Later, after the three rebellions in Huainan and the change of Ganlu, the forces loyal to Cao Wei were brutally suppressed and cleaned, and the Sima family was also accelerating the pace of usurpation. It was not until 266 AD that Sima Yan officially usurped the throne and established the Jin Dynasty. During this period, countless celebrities were killed because they were more or less involved in this struggle. The ever-changing political situation and Sima's high-handed rule made the celebrities at that time full of gloom about the world and full of doubts about Confucianism, which advocated monarch and minister. Those who don't want to cooperate with Sima but dare not talk about state affairs openly choose to follow Zhuang Zhou's example, live in seclusion in the mountains, talk about metaphysics, and even indulge in wine and crazy songs.
So the idea of an imperial envoy in the last article is actually quite correct. The world is crazy. The crazy world gave birth to so many crazy people. With our own crazy actions, let us remember that crazy era. Those people with lofty ideals are obsessed with nature and indulge in heaven and earth, showing the unique romantic life in Wei and Jin Dynasties, which makes us relish. It is also a little hope in that hopeless era, whether it is the immortal temperament of playing the piano in Ji Kang's execution ground or