In the tenth year of Tianbao (7,565,438+0), in February, An Lushan served as our special envoy in Fanyang, Pinglu and Hedong, commanding nearly 200,000 border guards. An Lushan rewarded himself with punishment and became increasingly arrogant. Seeing that the world's armaments were slack, he had a rebellious heart to usurp the supreme power. In April, Nanzhao rebelled against Tubo, and the time to build the south was new to the Chinese army. Tang Jun suffered a crushing defeat, with more than 60,000 people dead, which is fresher than Zhongtong. Soon, the four towns of Xian Zhi in Anxi Gao Made fought with the Arab Empire at that time in Luoluo (now Zambur in southeast Kazakhstan), and Tang Jun lost again.

In November of the 11th year of Li (752), he died of illness. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty succeeded Yang as prime minister and led more than 40 envoys. Since then, Guo Zhong has been in charge of state affairs, bossing him around from below.

In November of the 14th year of Tianbao (755), An Lushan, together with Shi Siming, sent troops with Luo, Qi Dan, Shi Wei, etc. * * * with 150,000 military forces, claiming to be 200,000, to attack (the place where he ruled was in the southwest of Beijing today). An Shi Rebellion broke out. When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty heard the news, he immediately transferred Feng Changqing from Anxi to Fanyang and Pinglu, and recruited 60,000 soldiers in Luoyang, the eastern capital, to guard Heyang Bridge (now south of Mengxian County, Henan Province). Then Gao Xianzhi, the general of Jin Wuwei, led 50,000 troops to Beijing and stationed in Shaanxi County (now northwest of Sanmenxia, Henan Province). In December, Anshi rebels occupied the eastern capital, and Feng and Gao generals retreated to Tongguan. Soon, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty mistakenly listened to the slanderers of the prison eunuch Bian Lingcheng and executed Feng Changqing and Gao Xianzhi. Ge, the envoy of Longyou, was transferred at home due to illness, served as the lieutenant of the military forces, and led 80 thousand troops into Tongguan. At this time, under the leadership of Yan Gaoqing and Yan Zhenqing, the officials of the 17th county in Hebei Province, with more than 200,000 soldiers, cut off the traffic between john young and the eastern capital, and put Lushan in trouble.

In the first year of Zhide (756), Zai Yuan and An Lushan proclaimed themselves emperor in Luoyang. Soon, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty sent Guo Ziyi, commander-in-chief of the Northern Army, and Li Guangbi, commander-in-chief of the Eastern Army, to move eastward from Jingxing (now northwest of Jingxing, Hebei) to jointly govern Hebei with Yan Zhenqing. Zhenyuan county (present-day Henan) made Zhang Xun lead the army and the people to stick to it (present-day Sixian County, Henan Province) and defeated the rebels many times to ensure that Jianghuai did not fall.

In May of the same year, Ge Shuhan was forced to send troops under the serious intimidation of Tang Xuanzong and Yang. As a result, Lingbao was defeated, Tongguan fell, and the rebels broke through Tongguan and advanced to Chang 'an. In June, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Yang Guifei, Yang's brothers and sisters, some ministers and princes, with more than 1,000 imperial soldiers, left the Forbidden Park at the Autumn Gate in the west and fled to Shu. When traveling to Mayi Post (now Xingping, Shaanxi Province), the imperial army mutinied, killed Prime Minister Yang, and forced Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty to hang Yang Guifei.

With the support of some ministers, Yu Tai Hengli went north to Lingwu (now southwest of wuzhong, Ningxia). In July, Hengli ascended the throne in Lingwu and became Tang Suzong. In August, Su Zong summoned Guo Ziyi and Li Guangbi from Hebei to Lingwu to meet Uighur cavalry and prepare for a large-scale counterattack. In the first month of the second year of Zhide (757), An Lushan was killed by his son An Qingxu. In September, Guo Ziyi led Tang Jun and Uighur cavalry to recover Chang 'an. Then, the East was recovered. An Qingxu retreated to Ye Jun (now Anyang, Henan). In September of the first year of Gan Yuan (758), Tang Suzong transferred 600,000 troops from Guo Ziyi in Shuofang, Gui Lu in Huaixi, Li Huan in Xingping, Uncle Xu Jishu in Huapu, Li Yesi in Zhenxi Beiting, Chen Guang in Zheng Caiji, Cui Guangyuan in Henan, Li Guangbi in Hedong and Wang Sili in Guannei Zelu. To discuss peace of mind. Eunuch Yu Chaoen is also regarded as an ambassador to coordinate and direct the war. In October, Tang Jun entered Yecheng, and An Qingxu turned to the left-behind rebel Shi Siming for help. In the second year (759) in March, Shi Siming led the troops to one hundred and thirty thousand to aid, and met loyalist in Anyang, Hebei. The two sides have not yet started, and the wind is blowing hard, flying sand and stones, and the world is dark. The soldiers of the two armies were frightened, and the loyalists fled south, while the rebels retreated north. Soon, Shi Siming led the troops to the south of Yecheng. An Qingxu went out of the city to comfort himself and was killed by Shi Siming. The rebels returned to Fanyang, and Siming called himself Emperor Dayan.

In April of the first year of Shangyuan (760), Shi Siming led the troops south and captured the eastern capital. In February of the following year, Shi Siming was killed by his son Shi Chaoyi, who acceded to the throne and changed the dynasty. In April of the first year of Baoying (762), Tang Suzong was seriously ill and dying. Empress Zhang conspired with King Li of Yue to kill Li, an autocratic eunuch. She was killed, and Su Zong died of fright. Prince Li Yu acceded to the throne for Tang Daizong. In October of the same year, Tang Daizong took Yong Wang Shili as the marshal of the military forces in the world, and our northern commander Pu Huhuai as the deputy marshal, and led all the Tang Jun and Uighur soldiers to recover Luoyang, and Shi Chaoyi fled north to john young. In the first month of the first year of Guangde in Tang Daizong (763), Shi Chaoyi fled to Yang Guang (now northeast of Fangshan, Hebei) and hanged himself for desertion. Ministries Li, Li Huaixian and Tian surrendered one after another, and were successively appointed as ambassadors to Chengde, Youzhou and Weibo towns in Hebei Province. The eight-year An Shi Rebellion ended here.

The Anshi Rebellion brought great disaster to Du Fu and made him a giant in the history of China's poetry. Guo Moruo said in The History of Poetry Gemini: "The great poet Du Fu (7 12-770) lived in such a rapidly changing era. His life is like a sudden change of the times, as if he had fallen from the sky to the ground. From 75 5 to his death, these fifteen or sixteen years were basically a wandering life, a life of hunger and cold, and an anxious life. But in this life, he was close to the people and became one with them. This gave him a chance to realize the essence of class society under the feudal system. The famous phrase' the wine in Zhumen stinks, and the bones freeze to death on the road' resounds through the ages. Without such a life, you can't get out. The Anshi Rebellion brought great disasters to the people of China in history, but it also brought us a great poet. Du Fu could not be Du Fu without his life after An Shi Rebellion, breathing and suffering with the people. There are more than 0/400 existing poems/kloc-,of which about 90% are works after the An Shi Rebellion. His early works were few in quantity and not very high in quality. From this perspective, the Anshi Rebellion is a blessing in misfortune for Du Fu and a blessing in misfortune for China culture. Du Fu, who was exchanged for endless blood and tears, has always been cherished by the people of China and will always be cherished by people in the future. " ①