2 English reference pacemaker
heart pacemaker
heart pacemaker
heart pacemaker
heart pacemaker
Cardiac rhythmic pacing is that the right atrial sinoatrial node automatically sends out electrical pulses rhythmically, and sends instructions to all parts of the heart through the nerve conduction system to make the myocardium contract. If the nerve conduction system fails or the sinus node can't send out electrical pulses regularly, the pacemaker can directly electrify the sick heart to artificially normalize the heart rate.
The invention of pacemaker as early as 1802, Italian Ortini implanted an electric heart into a condemned man who died two hours after being tortured, trying to restore his heartbeat, but failed. Contemporary vasari electric * * * method has successfully made the heart of the patient who just died dirty and resumed beating. In 1947, Sweet used electricity to resuscitate two patients whose hearts stopped during the operation. This example of artificial cardiac pacing by electrical means laid a technical and theoretical foundation for the development of cardiac pacemakers.
From 65438 to 0952, Dr. Zor of Harvard Medical College in Boston, USA, treated the heart and the negative and positive electrodes on the skin under the left rib of patients with cardiac arrest, and gave 90 times of current every minute to make the heart beat again. He immediately developed a small pacemaker powered by batteries. Zor is considered as the inventor of pacemaker and the "father of pacemaker". Now, thousands of people around the world have installed pacemakers, saving the lives of many patients.
Types and development of pacemakers: Pacemakers are mainly implanted in vitro and in vivo. The external use method is simple, and it is very convenient to rescue patients in an emergency. The number of heartbeats can also be changed according to the patient's condition. But if it is used for a long time, it is easy to be infected where the electrode is placed.
It is very convenient for long-term users to implant pacemakers into patients' abdomen or armpits through in-vivo implantation, but the fixed number of pacemakers will also bring various problems. In recent years, an induction pacemaker with variable heart rate has been developed. Electrodes and receivers are implanted in the body, and the outside is controlled by the transmitter, which can change the heartbeat times according to the situation.