The first question, it should be said that it is completely just for Yang Yao to inherit Zhong Xiang's career. "Soldiers chang for many years, feedback from the people. If there is no house, they are responsible for the house tax. If there is no tax, they will be responsible for tax from time to time. If there is no name, there is no virtual day, so it is stolen. "
This is the main reason for their uprising. It is their slogan and program to protect "thunder catchers" and "fishermen" and deliberately attack officials, Confucian scholars, monks, witch doctors and fortune tellers who endanger their official career. Besides, Yang Yao's rebel army did not compromise with Kim. In the fourth year of Shaoxing (before Yue Fei's first northern expedition recovered six counties in Xiangyang), Li Chengpa, a pseudo-Qi Qiu, sent someone to contact Yang Mao Shuizhai.
"I want the leaders of the water village to prepare their own troops and ships, meet tomorrow morning, go hand in hand with land and water, and recapture the counties along the river. He who gets the state is the magistrate, and he who gets the county is the magistrate, so he is specially rewarded. "
He became the "King of Cracks" and brought a lot of gifts such as official notices, gold belts, brocade shirts and sheepfolds. However, the emissary they sent was killed by Yang Yao's subordinate Zhou Lun and the body sank into the river.
Second, Yue Fei is completely conscious of this task, although he was ordered to do so. Yue Fei pacified Yang Yao for five years in Shaoxing (1 135). In the first three years (two years in Shaoxing), Yue Fei was ordered to conquer Cao Cheng and other Youkou, and once said:
"In addition to the coach, why busy; There is a lot of gold in the near place, why is it far? "
In the first year (Shaoxing four years), he said in "Asking for help from Xiangyang Zagreb":
"Good observation of the enemy. When the opposite is known. A good enemy. Go ahead and rely on it. There are golden enemies outside today. There is hair stolen by Yang Yao in it. Everything is a disaster. ..... Although Yang Yao is close to the worries in his heart. In fact, the fake Li Cheng thought that the lips and teeth were auxiliary. Today's plan. Just as he was about to enter Xiangyang, he took six counties first. If Li Cheng had not been tied up, he would have fled far away, so he sent troops to Huxiang to deter thieves. "
Yue Fei's attitude to pacify Yang Yao is proactive and his will is unshakable.
Since Yang Yao's career is just, Yue Fei can't completely exonerate Yang Yao by obeying orders, so can he be convicted accordingly?
This problem is analyzed in detail in the historical environment at that time. Generally speaking, in feudal society, the ruling class suppressed the peasant uprising against cruel exploitation and oppression as a response to history. Those who participate in this repression, whether policy makers or concrete implementers, can't escape the blame.
For example, during the period of Xuanhe in Hui Zong in 2003, there was a peasant uprising led by Fang La and Song Jiang. At that time, Hui Zong, Cai Jing, Tong Guan and Wang Fu successively set up "Xicheng Broad Field Institute" to seize the fields of the people; Set up "artificial bureau", "service bureau", "imperial house" and "camp" for the royal family to enjoy luxury goods. The imperial court kept the library, which used to be 360,000 yuan per month, but it was increased to1200,000 when Hui Zong was in power. At the same time, in order to search for rare birds and animals, exotic flowers and plants, and famous trees throughout the country, we made great efforts to take the "flower stone class". Cai Jing's birthday, but also to engage in "family planning." In this way,
"The popularity of the people is a servant, and the farm house has many children for its needs, which makes the people work hard all year round and their wives have insufficient food."
The rulers lived a luxurious life, but politically they were ignorant and decadent, and they were almost unprepared for the invasion of Xixia and Liao on the western and northern borders. Fang La, the leader of Zhejiang peasant uprising, sharply criticized the Northern Song Dynasty court;
"Taxes are heavy, officials invade fishing", and "services (referring to Xixia and Liao countries) dare not be abolished, and the Prime Minister thinks that border consolidation is a long-term policy" and "there are millions of silver and silk in the west and north". As a result, "two Lu get this, benefit China".
Then he said:
"I'm painting a river and raising it, but I'm frivolous and generous, with strong financial resources. Why didn't Sifang come to North Korea? After ten years, it will eventually mix (unify the whole country)! "
Undoubtedly, the suppression of peasant uprisings by the Northern Song Dynasty court against Chiang Kai-shek and Fang La was a counter-measure against history.
However, Yang Yao's rise came four years after Zhong Xiang's suggestion in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 130). At this time, the northern border Jurchen nobles invaded south on a large scale, and after capturing Kaifeng in Tokyo, they crossed the river and committed crimes south. The Jin people established Liu Yu as the pseudo-Qi emperor, and the cooperation with the Southern Song Dynasty court was in jeopardy. Five years later, that is, five years in Shaoxing, although the regime of Southern Song Dynasty put down Li Cheng, Cao Cheng, Zhang Yong and other bandits, recovered six states and six counties in Xiangyang with the central battlefield, and made tenacious resistance to Jin Jun on the east and west lines of Huaidian and Guanshan, it still achieved a temporary situation of making good friends with Jin people. However, the puppet lost six counties in Xiangyang and launched a massive Huaixi campaign with the Jin people. Although the battle was frustrated, it was not injured. A new attack is brewing, and the threat of national subjugation in the Southern Song Dynasty still exists.
As we all know, the Jin State under the rule of Nuzhen was neither ruled by the regime of the Southern Song Dynasty at that time nor bullied by it, and occupied the land of the Song Dynasty on a large scale for no reason.
Wherever Lu went, he only killed creatures, plundered property, drove away women and burned down his family business.
Or "drive a large number of people from the occupied area out of Tatar and turn summer into a horse." Obviously, this is an unfair act. Therefore, the Southern Song regime (although it held a negative attitude against Kim in general, but the anti-Kim struggle of the hawk faction represented by Yue Fei was also carried out in its name after all) concentrated its strength and stood up against the brutal and brutal Jurchen invaders, so that the broad masses of the Korean people were free from slavery and slaughter, which naturally became a completely just act. This is only because it is in the best interests of the people. It is such a cause that Yue Fei has always adhered to and practiced with his lifelong struggle. Regardless of subjective motives and objective effects, Yue Fei's various struggles against gold were in line with the interests of the people at that time.
Yang Yao's solution to the rebel army. With the fierce struggle against gold, the problem of Yang Yao's rebel army is a very acute problem, but after careful analysis, the future of its solution can only be:
1. Yang Yao's rebel army raised the anti-Jin army abroad and overthrew the banner of the Song Dynasty at home, which developed rapidly and soon overthrew the regime of the Southern Song Dynasty and undertook the cause of all-round anti-Jin. But these conditions were not available to the insurgents led by Yang Yao at that time.
Second, at that time, Yang Yao's rebel army was allowed to continue to develop, forming a greater force against the regime of the Southern Song Dynasty, so that the class contradictions and armed conflicts in the Southern Song Dynasty dominated and lasted for a long time, and such a struggle between snipes and mussels would only benefit the Jurchen aristocratic ruler who embezzled half of the Song Dynasty.
Third, as Yue Fei was ordered to do in Shaoxing for five years, strive for the liberation of Yang Yao's rebel army from dispersion to final pacification, so as to relieve "worries". If this third way out was inevitable in the history at that time, and Yue Fei decided that Jin and Pseudoqi had no "lip-tooth assistance" to Yang Yao when carrying out this task, it was absolutely necessary to pacify Yang Yao in the struggle with Jin, then we can only say that this is a tragedy.
Besides the historical background at that time, there are other reasons for this tragedy. First, the geographical environment.
If the location of Yang Yao's uprising at that time was not Dongting Lake, but Hebei, Shandong or Huaidian, the situation would be different. For example, Liang Xing in Taihang, Zhang Rong in Shaotou Lake, especially Zhang Rong, are not from Yang's side? As a result, the former became an important branch of Yue Fei's army under the banner of "Lianjiang Crescent" and was appreciated by the court; The latter moved to the towns of Tongshui and Taishui in Huainan, gathering more than 10,000 people, which dealt a heavy blow to the huge group led by the commander-in-chief of the 8 Jin Army and became an important force against the rulers. The location of Yang Yao's uprising, since it was on the Jianting Lake in the heart of the Southern Song Dynasty, aggravated the inevitability of this tragedy.
Second, the puppet troops crossing the water town made the problem more complicated.
Although Li Cheng, the pseudo-Qi Taiwei, made friends with Yang Yao for many times, he was resolutely refused by Yang Yao, and even as mentioned above, he sent messengers to "kill them all and throw himself into the river". However, it is also true that the court in the Southern Song Dynasty only accelerated the pace of conquest after receiving the information that Yang Yao colluded with the puppet Qi. "Jin Tuo sequel" records:
"At that time, the court signed a contract with a northerner in Shuizhai for Yang Yao and others. Afraid of inconvenience, Zhang Xun was removed as the commander-in-chief and made (fly) to take charge of the state's military forces in order to win the nest of Yang Yao and others in the water village. "
Finally, what is Yue Fei's strategy to pacify Yang Mao water town? According to the literature, Yue Fei adopted the strategy of combining conquest and surrender to Yang Yao. First of all, through careful and meticulous work (such as surrender, preferential treatment for prisoners and internal collusion, etc.) ), he won the captured water village leader Huang Zuo, and then successively won Yang Qin, Huayang, Liu Heng, Quan Cong and other important leaders. It should be said that a large number of Dongting water towns were peacefully settled. After the remaining 30 water inspectors, such as Yang Yao, were finally pulled out, someone in Yue Fei's department did propose to "wash and shake it slightly to let future generations know that they were afraid". Niu Hao said: