Museum is a history of materialization. People overlook the ups and downs of history through the dialogue between cultural relics and history and the barrier of time and space. No matter how splendid civilization people have had before, they will all be lost in the dust of history without exception. Human beings are constantly creating civilization, but civilization cannot live forever-this is an eternal law. However, we can still find traces of these civilizations in some way, and this way is the museum.
Museums are places for collecting, collecting, displaying and studying objects representing natural and human cultural heritage. Museums are non-profit permanent institutions, open to the public, providing services for social development and aiming at learning, education and entertainment.
To some extent, understanding the past and present of a place begins with the museum. As a word, "natural history" first appeared in Shan Hai Jing, which means that many things can be identified.
/kloc-In the second half of the 9th century, the term "natural history" began to be used as the name of a discipline, and "natural history" and "museum" were linked together as a word. As a cultural and educational institution, it appeared late in China, only one hundred years later.
1. zhenhai tower, zhenhai tower, one of the landmark buildings in Guangzhou, is located on Longgang, a small plate in Yuexiu. In the 13th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1380), when Emperor Zhu Liangzu of Yongjia expanded Guangzhou City, he extended the northern city wall to Yuexiu Mountain and built a five-story building on the mountain, which was spectacular.
This building is also called "Wanghai Building". At that time, because of the wide river channel in Zhuhai, Wangjiang was changed to Wanghai Tower, and because it was five stories high, it was commonly known as "five stories" and was known as "the first scene in Lingnan".
On the front of the top floor of zhenhai tower, the horizontal plaque "zhenhai tower" is hung high. Couplets on both sides of zhenhai tower: "There are thousands of robberies, but dangerous buildings still exist. Ask who will pick Xiao Mo and look down on the past;
Five hundred years, so Hou an is here, which makes me lean on the fence and see the sword, and tears shed on the hero! "。 Ancient and modern "zhenhai tower", "Overlooking Yuexiu" and "Yuexiu Building" have been listed as one of the "Eight Scenes of Yangcheng".
There are inscriptions in front of the building, and 12 ancient guns are displayed on the right. In the history of zhenhai tower, five buildings were destroyed. The existing buildings are all reinforced concrete structures, which were rebuilt by 1928 with wooden frames.
The whole building of Zhenhai Tower is 25m high, rectangular, 3 1m wide and 16m deep. 1929 became the Guangzhou Museum. 1950 changed its name to Guangzhou Museum, showing the historical materials of cultural relics developed in Guangzhou for more than 2,000 years, and showing them in different dynasties.
Sidelights of Visiting: Put zhenhai tower at the top of the series of activities, because it is the Guangzhou History Museum! The interview is very simple, so I won't describe it. It is worth mentioning that I had a lunch on the roof of the "five-story building"-instant noodles. To tell the truth, in this narrow space of the museum, putting more tables to eat instant noodles will spoil the fun! But I acted as an "accomplice" to "spoil the game", which needs to be reviewed! Upstairs, I saw a lame man, leaning on crutches, resolutely embarked on this "five-story building." This adds another strength to yourself!
2. The Postal Exhibition Museum is located in Jiang Yan West Road, facing the Pearl River, adjacent to the Customs Building in the west and the South Building in the east. Together with the adjacent Aiqun Building, it constitutes the most beautiful scenery along the Pearl River.
Founded in 19 16, formerly known as Guangdong Postal Administration of the National Government, it has been the office building of Guangzhou Post for more than 80 years.
In 2002, as the earliest postal building in Guangzhou, as a postal exhibition opened to the outside world, it became a window to show the development history and philatelic culture of Guangzhou Post, and it also witnessed the changes and development of Guangzhou Post history.
Located on the second and third floors of the building, the Expo Pavilion has seven exhibition halls, which are divided into four parts: ancient postal communication, Daqing Post, Chunghwa Post and Guangzhou Post after the reform and opening up.
Side note of visiting: I have passed the postal museum many times before, but I didn't go in after all. Go in boldly this time. Some museums inside are closed, perhaps to prepare for the Asian Games.
However, during this period, the business of collecting stamps and buying postal derivatives continued. The security guard was very alert and obstructed when he wanted to shoot the notice of closing the museum. After some theory, it finally feels wrong, keep shooting!
3. Liwan Museum Liwan Museum is the first district-level museum in Guangdong Province to collect, display and study the history, culture and folk customs of Liwan. The site of the museum is the former residence of Chen Lianzhong, a British businessman comprador of HSBC in the early Republic of China. There are both western-style villas and Chinese gardens here.
In 2000, Xiguan Folk Museum of Liwan Museum was officially opened to the public. Xiguan Folk Museum, with the reconstructed xiguan big house as the main building, is located on the east side of the original site. Through home decoration and scene display, it partially reproduces the typical model of traditional xiguan big house and the lifestyle and cultural landscape of Xiguan homeland.
Following the principle of "preserving the old as before", xiguan big house has completely restored the architectural pattern and style of the old house from the aspects of plane layout, facade treatment, architectural design and detail decoration.
The indoor furnishings are mainly Cantonese-style furniture in Ming and Qing Dynasties, supplemented by exhibitions such as "xiguan big house Architectural Artistic Conception", "Xiguan Folk Custom", "Marriage Custom" and "Festival Custom" in staircase corridors and empty rooms, which show the living customs of Xiguan people living in xiguan big house and the charm of Xiguan Corner and Home Forest in the past.
Side note of the visit: Although it was said for the first time that it was at No.84 Fengyuan North Street, it was not easy to find. This time, it was a bit unexpected. Maybe I really can't find it when I look for it! I didn't expect it to be hidden in the depths of this alley, and there was no place in front of the museum, which was embarrassing. Maybe you came in through a side door? ! The main entrance is on the west side of Panxi Hotel on Jinlong West Road. Design the next route: drink morning tea at Panxi restaurant and then visit.
4. Conghua Museum Conghua Museum, built in 1998, mainly preserves and displays local historical, cultural and artistic relics, has the function and function of aesthetic education for young people, and is an activity and exchange place for fans of mass art, calligraphy, photography and collection. It is one of the main places where Conghua City holds mass cultural and artistic activities.
Sidelights of the visit: The building itself looks like a museum, but there are too few things in it! Especially the second floor is closed (it is said that it will be closed for several months every year), so it didn't take a few minutes to browse! I joked with the staff that it was a waste of the country's money and staffing, and they seemed to agree.
5. Panyu Museum Panyu Museum, located on Yin Ping Road, northwest of Shiqiao, is divided into three parts: multi-functional main exhibition building, ancient tombs of the Eastern Han Dynasty and scenic spots. It is the landmark building of Panyu. Panyu History Exhibition Hall tells the historical changes of Panyu with vivid contents and shows the outstanding contributions made by Panyu in various historical periods.
The rural water town, Panyu's Han Dynasty cultural relics exhibition hall, vividly reproduces Panyu's rich and peaceful life scene in the Han Dynasty, which is known as the land of plenty in Lingnan, with carefully copied historical scenes and classified cultural relics. Panyu painter and Lingnan painting school special exhibition hall, mainly introducing the exquisite works of Panyu painter and Lingnan painting school's famous painters and painters; Yin Jichang Sculpture Art Museum has collected more than 65,438+000 sculptures donated by Mr. Yin Jichang to Panyu Museum before his death, from which we can appreciate the artistic style of this sculptor. The exhibition hall of the deeds of overseas Chinese, compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao recorded the patriotic love for Panyu's hometown and made great contributions to the development of various undertakings in Panyu.
Side note of the visit: during the Spring Festival, the family went to visit once. The museum is magnificent, but its location is remote, the public transportation system is underdeveloped, the visitors are "empty" and the exhibits in the museum are remarkable. But to be honest, as a district-level museum, how many "treasures of the town hall" can there be? Don't ask too many questions! I stayed in "Yin Jichang Sculpture Art Museum" for a long time and learned that many famous sculptures are from Yin Jichang, which is an unexpected harvest! In addition, in order to explore the ancient tombs of the Eastern Han Dynasty, I went to Panyu Museum at the end of May.
6. Nanyue King Museum Nanyue King Museum is a building and institution built on the site of Nanyue King's tomb to protect unearthed cultural relics. The tomb of Zhao Mei, the second generation of Nanyue King with Panyu as the capital in the early Western Han Dynasty, is the grandson of Zhao Tuo, the general who unified Lingnan in Qin Dynasty, and calls himself Wendi. It has a history of more than 2000 years. Its tomb was accidentally discovered on 1983. Because the dormitory was built to level the Xianggang Mountain, it turned out that the mausoleum was hidden 20 meters below the mountain. The whole tomb is made of 750 sandstone boulders, with the bottom paved with wooden boards and the top covered with large stone slabs. It is divided into two parts: the front facing and the back sleeping, with a total of 7 rooms separated by two stone doors. Each room has its own function, as deep and tight as the underground palace. After several years of excavation, more than 0/000 pieces (groups) of precious cultural relics/kloc-were unearthed, including 0/5 martyrs/kloc-. This is the earliest, largest and richest tomb in the early Han Dynasty found in Lingnan area so far, and it is also the only tomb built entirely of stones with murals for the first time. The cultural relics unearthed in the tomb, especially bronzes and pottery, have the most South Vietnamese cultural characteristics, including 3 sets of bronze chimes, 36 bronze dings, 36 bronze mirrors, 3 gold seals (only 4 gold seals of the Western Han Dynasty have been found in Guangzhou during the Han Dynasty), and more than 240 jade articles have been unearthed.
The jade clothes worn by the tomb owner have been restored, which is the earliest and only "silk jade clothes" found in the middle of the Western Han Dynasty in China. Blue flat glass unearthed in the tomb, the world's first set of color printing copper plate mold, African ivory and so on. , are some meaningful rare treasures. Now, the Tomb Museum of Nanyue King has been selected into 80 famous museums in the world.
Sidelights of the visit: The tomb of Nanyue King is located in Xianggang Mountain on the west side of Yuexiu Park on Jiefang North Road. I won't introduce the museum, but I have been there several times. This time it was a "sign-in" style, I didn't look closely! After seeing all the "discovery points", we will focus on visiting this "national name" cultural relics protection unit. I found a "tidbit" when I checked the information, which is summarized as follows. I am in favor of deleting the word "tomb", and I think Mr. Chen is a bit suspicious.
Trivia-The Museum of Nanyue King's Tomb should not be renamed.
After 2002, the tomb museum of Nanyue King in the Western Han Dynasty was quietly renamed as "Nanyue King Museum in the Western Han Dynasty". Some museum staff said: "The word' tomb' is unlucky, which makes many tourists afraid or unwilling to visit the museum." Renaming has caused controversy in society. In 2008, Chen Jian, counselor of Guangdong Provincial Government, proposed that the Guangdong Provincial Government restore its original name. Chen pointed out: "It is incredible to change the name because of the unlucky meaning of the so-called' tomb'."
Li, director of the Museum of Nanyue King's Tomb, denied that the name change was "unlucky". She said: "The name change is mainly due to the limitation of the tomb, and the development scope is too narrow, which is not conducive to the museum to expand the collection scope and collect cultural relics. Our museum is built on the ruins of a grave. Buildings and institutions that protect unearthed cultural relics are not' tombs' in the factual sense, and there is no need to name them' tombs'. "
Chen said: "The original name of the museum is' Nanyue Wang Tomb Museum', and its nature, orientation and professional development direction are completely in line with the precious cultural relics unearthed from the second generation Zhao Tomb Site in Nanyue State in the Western Han Dynasty. Now, the name of the museum has changed, giving up the most prominent and distinctive nature of the museum, its originality and the advantages of the first empirical theme type. On the contrary, the original accurate name of the museum has become blurred, and the type of the museum has changed from a mausoleum site to a historical category dominated by people. Although it is only a word difference, it has cancelled its original unique and distinctive features and lifeline for no reason, and it has become a misnomer. At present, the museum is called "Museum of Nanyue King in Western Han Dynasty", but the name of the station along the subway is still "Museum of Nanyue King in Western Han Dynasty", and the right side of the main entrance of the museum still stands. The stone tablet of "National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit-Tomb of Nanyue King" was built by the State Council, People's Republic of China (PRC) on May, 2009 1999. Even after its name was changed to "Museum of Nanyue King in the Western Han Dynasty" in official website, the word "Tomb" remained in the website, such as the introduction of the museum, the monument in the museum, the exhibition hall and the name of the newspaper station along the subway.
Li's second reason is: "In the reign of Zhao _ 16 years, the cultural relics unearthed from his tomb are enough to reflect the overall social development in the era of Nanyue." In this regard, Chen pointed out: "The King of Nanyue has five owners, and even the unearthed cultural relics of the first owner, Zhao Tuo, have not been found, and the whereabouts of the other three main materials are unknown. How can the name of the museum be changed to the so-called' Museum of Nanyue King in the Western Han Dynasty'? " It is true that if only the tomb of King Zhao Wen is called "Nanyue King Museum", can the tomb of Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty be renamed "Qing Emperor Museum"?
7. Chenjiaci Museum Chen Academy, commonly known as Chenjiaci, is located on Zhongshan Seventh Road. Built in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, family ancestral temple was jointly built by the Chen clan in 72 counties of Guangdong Province at that time. 1959 was turned into Guangdong Folk Arts and Crafts Museum. Chen Academy is a typical representative of Lingnan architectural art in past dynasties. As early as the 1920s and 1930s, German, British and Japanese architectural monographs praised her as a model of architectural art in southern China. 1959, Guo Moruo wrote a poem praising: "Heaven can change jobs, but man-made heaven is inferior. If you build the world, it is better to study for ten years. "
The building of Chen Academy is composed of 19 buildings, with three deep buildings and five deep buildings. The center of the building is Juxian Hall, the main hall of Admiralty, which is more than 20 meters high. According to the principle of formal beauty of ancient buildings in China, the whole building skillfully combines and arranges many buildings of different sizes in a flat square building space, which is rigorous and symmetrical, alternating with reality and reality, and has a rich sense of hierarchy. The promenade and Qingyun Lane make the whole building extend in all directions, and the courtyards and gardens are dotted among them, forming an independent and interrelated whole. What is particularly fascinating is that wood carving, stone carving, brick carving, pottery sculpture, gray sculpture, mural painting, copper and iron casting are widely used in the architectural decoration of Chen Academy. The carving technique is simple and extensive, finely crafted, echoing from top to bottom and bringing out the best in each other.
Sidenotes on the visit: Considering that Chenjia Temple has been visited several times, this time it seems to be a "sign-in" and I didn't look closely. I saw many foreigners interested. Dissatisfied, the staff attitude is quite unfriendly!
8. Guangdong Provincial Museum Guangdong Provincial Museum, an old museum located in Wen Ming Road, was founded in 1957 and opened in 1959, covering an area of 29,000 square meters, including the museum exhibition hall, the former site of the Kuomintang and the Luxun Museum. Guo Moruo wrote an inscription for Guangdong Museum. The collection is mainly local cultural relics, with a total of more than124,000 pieces, including ceramics, calligraphy and painting, Duan inkstone, gold woodcarving, coins and unearthed cultural relics. More than 300 first-class collections. Treasures include the only statue of Chen Rong Molong in China in the Song Dynasty, Duanyan in the Monkey King in the Qing Dynasty, and the white glazed statue of Sakyamuni in the first year of Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty (1068).
The new museum officially opened in Zhujiang New Town on 20 10 to meet the audience. The new museum is based on three exhibition areas: history, art and nature. "Art Articles" consists of four exhibitions: Mo Leng Fang-calligraphy exhibition of ancient collections, fire art-ceramics exhibition of ancient collections, fine collection of purple Shi Ying Ning-Duanyan, lacquer wood essence-Chaozhou dialect woodcarving art exhibition. The "History Chapter" is divided into four chapters, taking the chronological order as the main line, namely, the origin of South Guangdong, sailing the world, carrying forward the past and building a beacon fire in Guangdong. Through cultural relics, pictures, oil paintings, sculptures, models, multimedia, restoration scenes and other rich display means, the historical and cultural changes of Guangdong from Maba people to the founding of New China are shown to the audience in an all-round and multi-angle way; "Nature" includes seven thematic exhibitions, including geology and geomorphology, minerals, precious stones, Chinese herbal medicines, terrestrial wildlife, marine life and paleontology, which comprehensively display natural resources and related natural science knowledge.
Sidelights of visiting: I have been to the old museum twice, and this time it was a storm. To my surprise, the museum has closed and will move to the new Pearl River New Town. Just take a picture as a souvenir! The first national congress of the Chinese Kuomintang was held here in the bell tower auditorium. At that time, Guangzhou was a revolutionary base area, and the Bell Tower Auditorium and Square became the central places where the Kuomintang and the Communist Party often participated in mass gatherings, which was called the "revolutionary base camp". When will the Kuomintang and the Communist Party hold a joint meeting here again? As for the new museum, you must go.
Note: After the opening of the new museum, my family and I visited it again.
9. Guangzhou Art Museum Guangzhou Art Museum, located in Land Rover Scenic Area, is dominated by white and has a unique red sandstone colonnade in Lingnan, which is dignified and elegant and magnificent. Its collection is expanded on the basis of the original collection of Guangzhou Art Museum. There are tens of thousands of paintings and calligraphy works in China, especially in Lingnan area, and there are many other kinds of works of art..
Side note of the visit: This visit is a "sign-in". Not much sightseeing, one is the time relationship, the other is the lack of artistic cells. Next time you visit carefully to improve your artistic accomplishment, you should still be "arty"!
10. Zhujiang Beer Museum is located on the Pearl River, adjacent to Pazhou International Convention and Exhibition Center in the east and the tallest TV sightseeing tower in Guangzhou in the west. Covering an area of 10000 square meters, it is a three-story building. The first floor is the image exhibition hall, which includes a film and television hall, a temporary exhibition hall, a bar and a souvenir shop. The second floor is the main exhibition hall, with beer history and craft theme pavilion, Pearl River beer exhibition hall, Lingnan culture exhibition hall and InBev Group exhibition hall. Zhu Beer Museum is an international and open beer culture exhibition place integrating ornamental, entertaining, educational and artistic features. Browse the museum, you can enjoy the magnificent relief of the "beer ocean", the unique and vivid old wine carriage, the most primitive beer brewing technology in ancient times and its development process. Maybe you don't visit museums often, maybe you don't like beer, but if you stop here, I believe people who have no feeling about beer will get drunk. In the theme museum of beer history and technology, the tax bill of Belgian brewery in 1585, the scene of Babylonians drinking beer with reed pipes and the wine filters excavated in southern Iraq from 2600 BC to 2400 BC are all on display, which is amazing.
Sidelights of the visit: During the Spring Festival, the family visited once, and the museum was quite atmospheric.
1 1. Guangdong Museum of Chinese Medicine Guangdong Museum of Chinese Medicine was established in Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (University Town) in 2006, and its predecessor, China Museum of Chinese Medicine, was established in 1996. It is the basic teaching facility for Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine to provide professional teaching, patriotism education and science and technology popularization education for undergraduates.
It now includes three parts: Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine History Exhibition Hall, Medical History Exhibition Hall and Chinese Medicine Herbarium. The exhibition hall of medical history shows the course of traditional medicine protecting the Chinese nation for thousands of years through a large number of cultural relics and pictures.
The museum has 1073 cultural relics. At present, the Chinese Herbarium is the largest Chinese Herbarium in South China. After the overall relocation to the university town, the museum was officially renamed as "Guangdong Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine".
Sidelights of the visit: This visit coincides with its grand decoration. Think about it. The university town has only been open for a few years. Is this place being renovated again? The money spent in this country just doesn't hurt!
12. Guangdong Museum of Revolutionary History. Guangdong Revolutionary History Museum is located on the west side of Guangzhou Martyrs Cemetery, near the west cemetery road. The museum site was originally the former site of Guangdong Consultation Bureau in the late Qing Dynasty and was built in Xuantong Yuannian (1909). After the Revolution of 1911, a meeting was held here to declare anti-Qing independence. 192 1 May, Sun Yat-sen was sworn in as a very big president, which was an important revolutionary site during the Great Revolution.
The permanent exhibition mainly reflects the history of Guangdong people's revolutionary struggle in the past hundred years since the Opium War. In order to fully reflect the development of Guangzhou's modern history, on the basis of this museum, 1996 established the Guangzhou Museum of Modern History with the same brand. The contents mainly reflect the politics, economy, health, education, culture and folk customs of Guangzhou from 1840 to 1949.
Sidelights of the visit: This is my first visit, although I have been to the Martyrs Cemetery several times. It was close to closing time when I arrived, so I just glanced at it. In the meantime, I also know something about 7788, so there is no need to read it in detail. The building of the museum is modeled after the western parliament. It is an impressive building with a central hall, a cloister and a two-story dome. Besides, it's cold and rainy, there are almost no visitors, and I don't wear much myself. I'm a little embarrassed!
13. Museum of Biology, Sun Yat-sen University The Museum of Biology, Sun Yat-sen University, was built on the former site of "Ma Wenhui Hall" donated by Hong Kong compatriots. At present, there are 220,000 plant specimens, 600,000 insect specimens and 30,000 animal specimens, including 37 species of national first-class protected animals such as giant pandas and golden monkeys, more than 0/00 rare animal specimens such as nurse sharks, leopard sharks and molas, and rare foreign animal specimens such as polar bears, penguins and ostriches. There are more than 500 fossils of paleontology, among which Sastre ichthyosaur (7.8 meters long), Xinlong (3.5 meters long), Xingyilong and ichthyosaur (ichthyosaur) are of great scientific research and exhibition value. It is the only university biology museum in China that has collected a large number of precious biological specimens at home and abroad and has the characteristics of South China's flora and fauna. Enjoy a lofty position in the world.
Side note of the visit: this is the first time to go, although Sun Yat-sen University has been there several times. It should be said that the harvest is great! I gained a lot of knowledge, among which a polar bear specimen and a large number of bird specimens left the deepest impression on me! And compared with the biological specimen museum of Wuhan University. The wife said, "Bring your daughter next time and learn more"; But when I went to the Spring Festival, I was turned away. Then let's go next weekend! Anyway, the tickets are cheap, as long as 10 yuan.
14. Guangzhou Monetary and Financial Museum is located at Guangzhou Finance College in Longdong, which is the fifth and sixth floors of the school library. It is the first museum in Guangdong Province to collect and study monetary objects. /kloc-0 was publicly exhibited in September, 1995. Up to now, it has collected more than 20,000 monetary objects, with 6,543.8+0,000 copies. The whole museum is divided into two exhibition areas: China Currency Pavilion and Foreign Currency Pavilion. The exhibition line of the museum is 65,438+0,000 meters long.
China Currency Museum displays 10 parts, including ancient currency of China, modern currency of China, currency of revolutionary base areas, RMB, gold and silver commemorative coins, Guangdong currency, currency anti-counterfeiting and anti-counterfeiting, securities and anti-counterfeiting devices. The foreign pavilion displays the currencies of more than 90 countries and regions around the world.
Sidenotes on the visit: exploration difficulty coefficient ★★
15. The Navy Whampoa Military Expo Center was established in 1993, adjacent to the former site of the Whampoa Military Academy, and concentrated on displaying more than 100 pieces of ordnance equipment of the People's Army, Navy and Air Force, including those that have made great achievements in previous revolutionary wars, which condensed the vicissitudes of the historical development of the People's Army!
Side note: The old museum has been closed, and the new museum (just in front of the military academy, the only way) is very simple. You can see it at a glance when you enter the door, so save the money for 20 yuan tickets!
Next time I have time, I'd better go in and have a closer look, touch and feel these ordnance equipment with my hands, especially those that have won a great victory.