First, the origin of surname:
Surnames come from two sources:
1, derived from the surname Mi, comes from Wu Zixu, the son of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period, and is named after his ancestors.
The history book "Shi Yuan" records: "When I left Nanyang, I became a family with Chu, and then I turned to Xu." Qi took the ancestral surname as his surname and came from Wu. He is a descendant of Wu Qi (later Prime Minister of Wu State) in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Qi's surname is Shun → Yao → Di Ku → Zhuan Xu → Qi → Xiong → Chu → Wu → Qi (member).
According to many scholars' research, "Qi" and "Yuan" were originally the same word, but they were written differently and pronounced differently. As surnames, they come from Wuqi (Yuan) in Wu Zixu.
The word "Yuan" was always written as "Qi" before the simplified word, and Qi's ancestors always used the word "Qi". In modern times, many Qi people still insisted on using the writing method of "ancestral", but simplified it and wrote it as "Qi".
Speaking of the origin of surnames, Qi is associated with the tragic story of a historical figure. This historical figure is Wu Zixu, the ancestor of Qi family in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. At his side, there are a series of historical events: did Zi Xu pass? Pass, grow old overnight, fish intestines stab Liao, borrow Wu to destroy Chu, whip the body 300, and so on.
Wu Zixu (BC? ~ 484 years ago), Qi Ming (Huiji), Zixu, was born in the State of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. Wu Zixu was born into a noble family in Chu State and received a good education since childhood. History books say that he is "not very good at writing, but good at martial arts" and has the talent of "ruling the country with culture and ruling the world with martial arts". In 522 BC, Wu Zixu fled to the State of Wu because his father and brother Wu Shang were hunted by King Chu Ping.
After meeting Wu Gongzi Guang, Wu Zixu planned to stab him to death, helped Gongzi Guang win the throne, and was called as a pedestrian (pilgrimage official position) to participate in state affairs. Sun Wu was recommended to He Lv, the king of Wu, to help him rectify his internal affairs, strengthen his armament and make wuyue stronger and stronger. From the 3rd year of He Lu (5 12 BC), he led Wu Jun to attack Chu and cut Yue for many times, winning many times. And in the sixth year of Lu (509 BC), he commanded Wu Jun to defeat the Chu army in Zhang Yu (present-day Jiangxi and Anhui) and capture Juchao. And in the ninth year of Lu (506 BC), Sun Wu and Wu Wang decided to break the strategy of Chu. Wu Jun captured the capital of Chu in one fell swoop. Later, the State of Wu defeated the State of Yue and the State of Qi one after another and became the overlord of one side. Wu Zixu's contribution to Shen, also known as.
Wu Zixu was very talented and won the trust of He Lv, the prince of Wu. In order to enable the State of Wu to resist foreign enemies, he first suggested that He Lv, the king of Wu, "set up battlements first, set up garrisons, secure positions and rule the army", and was personally ordered to choose the location of the capital of Wu. He "tasted the water" and "looked at the image of heaven and earth", and finally chose the address of today's Suzhou ancient city, and made a reasonable plan to build the great city of Helv (now Suzhou, Jiangsu).
And in the ninth year of Lu (506 BC), Wu Zixu and the prince of Wu, Sun Wu, captured Ying, the capital city of Chu, so Wu Zixu dug the tomb of King Chu Ping and whipped the corpse for 300 to avenge his father. Wu Zixu helped the king of Wu break the strong Chu in the west, the Qi Jin in the north and the Yue people in the south, and the national strength of Wu reached its peak.
Wu Zixu is loyal to Wu's career. After the death of Yan Lu, the king of Wu, he helped Fu Cha ascend to the throne and helped Fu Cha defeat Yue. Fu Cha gradually alienated Wu Zixu by appointing the ingratiating Bert as Taizai. After defeating Yue Guo, Wu accepted bribes from Yue Guo and advised him to make peace with Yue Guo. Wu Zixu remonstrated with the prince of Wu, urging him to reject the peace of Yue and stop cutting Qi and Yue. This kind of harsh advice made Fu Cha, the then prince of Wu, angry from embarrassment. In addition, Fu Cha gave his sword to Zixu in the autumn of 484 BC and ordered him to commit suicide. Before he died, Wu Yuan had his head hung on the city gate to watch Gou Jian, the king of Yue, defeat Wu. Later, Fu Cha ordered his body to be put into the river, gouged out his eyes and hung them at the east gate of the capital, and then said, "How did you see the Vietnamese army invade Wu?" A few years later, Gou Jian, the King of Yue, was brave and strong. He took advantage of Fu Cha's conquest of Qi and led his army to retaliate against Wu, which broke the capital of Wu, wiped out the lineage of Wu, destroyed Wu, leveled the ancestral temple of Wu, and Fu Cha himself was finally captured alive. When Fu Cha died, he said with regret: "If the dead know, how can I have the face to see the underground Wu Zixu!" So he covered his face with a towel and committed suicide.
The people of the State of Wu miss Wu Zixu, a loyal minister of the State of Wu, and named Xujiang, Xukou and Xushan as permanent monuments and built temples for sacrifice. Today, Xukou Town has Xuwang Temple and Wu Zixu's Tomb.
After Wu Zixu's death, his descendants scattered and avoided it. However, in order to commemorate the immortal ancestors and avoid the disaster of implicating them, he took Qi (Yuan) as his surname, and the surname of Qi (Yuan) has continued to this day.
2. From the surname Ji, from the son of Ji Wang. It was originally named after a feudal city, and later it was renamed Liu Yi for some reason.
According to the historical records "Southern History" and "Examination of Surnames", "Liu Ningzhi, a loyal admirer of Qi in the Southern Song Dynasty, changed his surname."
Second, the ancestor of Qi surname: Wu Zixu.
Wu Zixu, surnamed Wu (member of Yi Ming), is a professional. Outstanding figures in the Spring and Autumn Period. According to the research of Surname Dictionary, Surname Interpretation, Where Is Your Surname, Ancient and Modern Surname Dictionary, Calligraphy Dictionary and China Calligraphy Dictionary, Qi Heyuan is a word with different writing methods, but different words have multiple sounds. When you say your surname, you pronounce it yuàn, not yī an, from Wu Zixu. People all over the country are used to writing. Microsoft can double-spell "yp", and Microsoft can also spell "yun" and turn over ten pages.
Third, each ancestor:
Zhai Dezhong: the ancestor of Dongruo family in Tai 'an, Shandong.
Qi Decheng: the ancestor of Qi Zhuang in guanxian. The ancestors, Zaoqiang and Jizhou, moved to Shandong in the early Ming Dynasty. So are the descendants of the Wu family. A surname, the same as Wu's so far. Since ancient times, there have been five or six thousand celebrities. The ancestor Yongle moved here from Zaoqiang Jizhou.
Fourth, the county surname:
Henan County: Sanchuan County in Qin Dynasty. In the second year of Emperor Gaozong of the Western Han Dynasty (205 BC), it was changed to Henan County and Luoyang (now Luoyang, Henan Province). At that time, it was located in the lower reaches of Luoshui and Yishui in the south of Henan, the upper reaches of Shuanghe and Jia Luhe, and Yuanyang County in the north of the Yellow River, which governed 22 counties, roughly equivalent to Jin Meng, Yanshi, Gongyi, Xingyang, Yuanyang and Yuanyang in Henan today. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, because Luoyang was the capital, in order to improve the status of Henan County, its officials were called Yin, not Taishou. In the early years of Sui Dynasty, it was deposed, and later it became Henan County of Yuzhou. During the Tang dynasty, it was the Henan government of Luozhou, and its jurisdiction was much smaller than that of Henan county in the Han dynasty. Henan Road in Yuan Dynasty, Henan Province in Ming and Qing Dynasties. It was founded in Henan Province during the Republic of China.
Jiangling county: Originally a county of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period, jiangling county was established in the Han Dynasty and was under the jurisdiction of Nanjun. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Qi moved its capital to jiangling county and ruled Jiangling (now Jiangling, Hubei Province), which was then located in jiangling county, Hubei Province and eastern Sichuan. In the Southern Tang Dynasty (AD 937) during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Jinling House was jiangning house. The Northern Song Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty were also jiangning house. Jiangning is also a county name, either in the urban area or in the suburbs. In the Qing Dynasty, it was the capital of Jiangsu with Shangyuan County. During the Republic of China, Jiangning County was the capital of Jiangsu Province. After the government of the Republic of China established Nanjing, Jiangning County moved to the suburbs of Nanjing.