The word "Putonghua" appeared in the late Qing Dynasty. 1909, the Qing government designated Beiping Mandarin as "national language". During the Republic of China, the pronunciation of the national common language was formulated many times. After the founding of New China, the national common language is Mandarin. The predecessor of Mandarin is Mandarin in Qing Dynasty. Before that, it was called Yayan. Compared with the southeast dialect, there are fewer ancient sounds preserved.
All Chinatowns in the world speak Cantonese. After the reform and opening up, many rich people from Fujian and other places immigrated to Canada and Australia, and now many people communicate in Mandarin. Mandarin has no shortcomings, and the purpose is to communicate on a large scale through different routes. The disadvantage of other dialects is that they are too limited, confined to a certain area. For example, the northeast dialect is concise, vivid, vivid and full of rhythm, which is quite consistent with the generous, bold and humorous character of the northeast people. One side of the soil and water supports one side of the people, and regional characteristics are everywhere. Mandarin and dialects will always share and coexist, and everyone knows their advantages and disadvantages. Seeking common ground while reserving differences and living in harmony are not that complicated.
Dialect is a local culture. Speaking dialects has its own characteristics, which is significant, flexible and interesting. Mandarin can't replace it, but it is a disadvantage to adapt to the crowd! Mandarin is the best language for local communication, but it is blunt! But Mandarin is born with the mark of national subjugation, and it is a mixture of all kinds of nonsense and Chinese. "Ten Days in Yangzhou" and "Three Slaughters in Jiading" have become a habit today, but the blood of history has not completely faded. The others are all local dialects, and we can only communicate in this place, not to mention who has advantages and disadvantages and ridiculous words. Putonghua is a dialect based on Beijing dialect and northern dialect, and it is a common language of modern Chinese with typical modern vernacular as grammatical norm.