1, Yang Zhenning is a Nobel Prize winner?
2. Yang Zhenning's great achievements in physics?
3. The wedding of Yang Zhenning and Weng Fan?
Perhaps many friends know Yang Zhenning through the third thing, so the onlookers have no good impression on him, so it is not surprising that comments are flying all over the Internet. Of course, we are not here to gossip today, because Lao Yang and Ms. Weng Fan have been married for 14 years, and time has proved everything, so I won't say much today, let's get down to business!
The law of parity non-conservation that won the Nobel Prize the fastest in history.
Regarding Yang Zhenning's winning the Nobel Prize, perhaps this is his second ranking option as we all know. After all, he is the first in the Chinese world, so this popularity is still very high.
What is parity?
Parity is the transformation quantity in the parity transformation described in quantum mechanics, while parity transformation is the simultaneous transformation of X, Y and Z axes in three-dimensional coordinate system, and the transformation between them is only a mirror image. The standard model under parity is parity symmetry, but this symmetry is not maintained under weak interaction force.
noether's theorem
The expression of Nott's theorem is extremely simple: there is a one-to-one correspondence between continuous symmetry and conservation law in physics.
Nott theorem is named after emmy noether. Einstein described her as the ultimate woman in the history of mathematics, but her discoveries in physics have become the guiding light of modern physics!
The conservation law described by Nott theorem corresponds to symmetry one by one. Simply put, every symmetry corresponds to conservation laws, such as angular momentum conservation corresponding to rotational symmetry, energy conservation is time translation symmetry, momentum conservation is space translation symmetry and so on. As long as a new conservation is discovered, there will be a symmetry waiting for it!
This is how parity conservation comes into being. Before 1956, parity conservation was as popular as energy conservation. Therefore, when Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao throw out the case of parity non-conservation, it is hard to imagine how shocking it is to the scientific community!
parity nonconservation
As early as 1956, two kinds of mesons have been discovered in the scientific community. Their spins, masses and charges are exactly the same, and they were once considered as a kind of particle. The number of π mesons produced when the first meson decays is two, and the number of π mesons produced when the second meson decays is three, which makes scientists doubt their own judgment and think that they are two kinds of particles. The sum of odd π mesons is called negative, and the sum of even π mesons is called positive. Therefore, according to the different decay modes, the scientific community named these two kinds of particles θ (even number) and τ (odd number) respectively.
1956, after in-depth study, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao thought that τ and θ are exactly the same particle after excluding various factors, but their motion laws are not exactly the same under weak interaction. In June of the same year, Li Zhengdao and Yang Zhenning published a paper "Query on the Conservation of Parity of Weak Interaction" in the American Physical Review, arguing that elementary particles are weak.
1957 65438+1On October 9th, scientists such as Wu Jianxiong, Ambre, Hayward and Hoops confirmed the discovery of Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao by observing the decay experiment of cobalt 60. "I don't believe that God is left-handed" is what Pauli said when he learned that weak interaction is not conserved. He also intends to gamble a sum of money.
Of course, as we all know, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957, and the time between the publication of the paper and the award was only 12 months. According to statistics, the average time to win the Nobel Prize is 18, which actually reflects the shock of parity inequality to the scientific community.
Is parity non-conservation Yang Zhenning's greatest achievement?
It took a long time to talk. Isn't this Yang Zhenning's greatest achievement? To be precise, this should be Li Zhengdao's greatest achievement, because it is the result of Dell's cooperation, and the Nobel Prize is equally shared between them.
Please pay attention to 1/2, which is the contribution recognized by the Nobel Prize Selection Committee. But for Yang Zhenning, his career has just begun. The following table is the most important contribution of Yang Zhen in his life:
In statistical mechanics, condensed matter physics, particle physics and field theory, there is an extremely remarkable enjoyment of * * *. Anyone who makes any achievements in this field will be among the top scientists, and there are more than a dozen Yang Zhenning. According to the evaluation of the scientific community, Yang Zhenning's "parity law of non-conservation" won the Nobel Prize can only rank third! The top two are:
D 1. 1954 gauge theory (Yang-Mills gauge field theory). Thesis serial numbers: 54b, 54c.
A3. 1967 Yang-Baxter equation (Yang-Baxter equation). Thesis serial number: 67e.
I'm not sure, but I dare not think about it. Let's talk about the continuation of these two theories. Let's talk about cross-border. He won six Fields Prizes (three each) by studying the Young Mills equation and the Young Barkis equation. Everyone knows that the Fields Medal is the Nobel Prize in mathematics!
In addition, seven winners, including Ding Zhaozhong and Higgs, won the Nobel Prize for discovering the particles predicted in Yang Zhenning's standard particle model, and dozens of others indirectly won the Nobel Prize for their research in particle physics. After 1960, Yang Zhenning's students, or students, almost monopolized the Nobel Prize in theoretical physics and particle physics.
Yang Zhenning's position in the history of science
There is a saying that Yang Zhenning is the greatest scientist since World War II. I believe this view is not groundless, because the scientific community holds Yang Zhenning's achievements in high esteem. For example, gherman, who was known as the "father of quarks" and won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1969, had great respect for Yang Zhenning. He thinks that his research on quantum chromodynamics only extends the su(2) symmetry of Yang Zhenning's standard model to su(3).
From 65438 to 0994, the American Franklin Institute awarded the Bauer Prize to Yang Zhenning. In his acceptance speech, Yang Zhenning was praised and even exaggerated. How can I put it?
Yang Zhenning's generalized field theory synthesizes the physical laws of nature and provides us with an understanding of the fundamental forces in the universe. As a conceptual masterpiece of the 20th century, it explains the interaction between particles in atoms, and his theory largely reconstructs physics and modern geometry in recent 40 years. This theoretical model has been arranged in the work of Newton, Maxwell and Einstein, and it will certainly have a similar impact on future generations.
Yang Zhenning ranked fourth after Newton, Maxwell and Einstein. Of course, the acceptance speech seems a bit exaggerated, but in terms of achievements, Yang Zhenning has indeed reached this level. Why?
Newton published "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" in 1687, put forward the three laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation, and the calculus shared with Leibniz, and proved the generalized binomial theorem. Almost alone, I promoted the establishment of the scientific system and started the classical mechanics era for 300 years, but it continued at first because most of us can do it with classical mechanics in our daily life.
Maxwell unified the electromagnetic theory by himself. Maxwell integrated the laws of electric field and magnetic field and established a complete theoretical system of electromagnetic field. The core expression of this theoretical system is Maxwell's equations. Maxwell's achievement in the field of electromagnetism is the second unification after Newton, and his research provides a theoretical basis for quantum mechanics and lower relativity.
Einstein's understanding of special relativity and general relativity, mass-energy equation and description of wide relative space-time are the cornerstones of modern astronomy to understand the universe, but he actually made great contributions to photoelectricity and quantum mechanics, and even put forward laser theory. In addition, the black holes and gravitational waves he predicted were still being verified until 2 1 century.
Moreover, gravitational waves are the most likely information transmission tool to touch the Big Bang in the future, because our best optical and radio telescopes can only see the moment after photon decoupling 380,000 years after the Big Bang, but after the Big Bang, 10-43s gravity is released, and 10-36s gravitons are decoupled. Comparatively speaking, neutrinos are at least 1S later.
What did Yang Zhenning do?
Yang Zhenning took a big step on the road of unifying the four major forces. Newton completed the description of gravity, but Einstein ended it perfectly. Young Mills equation can describe strong force, while parity non-conservation is a thorough understanding of weak force. Based on this, theoretical physics successfully completes the unification of electromagnetic force, strong force and weak force, and the root of standard particle model comes from this.
The deeper you know about Yang Zhenning, the more you will feel his greatness. If you still have prejudice against him, you might as well learn about his contributions in other fields. This article only refers to the scientific field. If you have different opinions, please leave a message for discussion.
This ID WeChat official account has the same number: the flower shop on the Star Sea Road is welcome to pay attention.
The official WeChat account is released simultaneously. Please bring several official WeChat accounts to think twice.