According to the Records of Nanhai County, Nanhai County was established in the thirty-third year of Qin Shihuang (2 14 BC), and Nanhai County was established in the year of Emperor Wendi (590) 10, belonging to guangzhou fu. The South China Sea is known as the "capital county" of Guangdong. In the second year of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty (628), three bronze Buddha statues of Indian monks in the Eastern Jin Dynasty were unearthed in Tapogang, Ji Hua Township, Nanhai County. Since then, Ji Hua Township has been named "Foshan". Foshan has gradually become the religious center of the Pearl River Delta, so it is also called "Chancheng". During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Foshan Town in Guangdong, Jingdezhen Town in Jiangxi, Zhuxian Town in Henan and Hankou Town in Hubei were called "Four Famous Towns" in China. At that time, there were Beijing in the north, Foshan in the south, Suzhou in the east and Hankou in the west, which were called "four major collections". In Qing Dynasty, Guangzhou, Foshan, Chencun, Shunde and Shilong, Dongguan were called "four famous towns in Guangdong", formerly known as "province, Buddha, Chen and Dragon". Foshan ancestral temple was built in Yuanfeng period of the Northern Song Dynasty (1078— 1085), ranking first among temples in the South China Sea, so it is called "ancestral temple". Zhenwu, the Taoist god of water control, is respected by Foshan people who have lived in the water network area for generations. Architectural decoration combines the artistic essence of Lingnan three carvings and two carvings (wood carving, brick carving, stone carving, clay sculpture and gray carving), and is known as "the palace of oriental folk art" and "the palace of Lingnan architectural art". 1996 was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit. Guangdong patriotism education base. In 2007, Chancheng District of Foshan City elected ancestral halls Li Donghua, Nanfeng Guzao and Liangyuan as the first batch of historical and cultural blocks in Guangdong Province; Shiwan Town Street, Li Yong Village and Luonan Village were selected as the first batch of famous historical and cultural villages in Guangdong Province. Donghua Lane was originally named "Wu Yang Street", which was changed to its current name during the reign of Qing Qianlong. It is the most well-preserved typical Qing dynasty block in Foshan, and it is a rare material for studying Foshan's local history, architectural history and living customs. 200 1 announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit. Huanggong Temple was originally the ancestral temple of Huang, the founder of Foshan famous Chinese patent medicine "Huangxianghua Ruyi Oil". It is the largest existing ancestral temple complex in Chancheng District, with high historical and artistic value. In 2002, it was designated as a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit, and now it is the former site of Guangdong Cantonese Opera Museum. Foshan Confucius Temple, formerly known as Zun Kong Hui, was built by Dai Honghui and other gentry who respected Confucius in the third year of Qing Dynasty (19 1 1). This is a small place to commemorate Confucius. The existing stone carvings embedded in the Confucius Temple were originally collected by Li Keqiong's Seventy-two Window Buildings. Xiqiao Mountain Academy flourished in the Ming Dynasty and in the Qing Dynasty. After Zhengde in Ming Dynasty, there were four academies on the mountain, namely Yungu Academy, Dake Academy, Shiquan Academy and Sifeng Academy. In Qing Dynasty, there were three academies in Xiqiao, Nanhai, namely Sanhu Academy, Yunxi Academy and Yunying Academy. On June 2, 2006, the State Council announced the first batch of national intangible cultural heritages, and six projects in Foshan were selected, including lion dance, Guangdong Cantonese opera (merger), dragon boat rap, woodcut New Year pictures, Guangdong paper-cutting (merger) and Shiwan pottery. There is a cloud in Cantonese opera: "Without eight harmonies, there is good luck first;" Without auspicious celebration, there is Qionghua first. " Qionghua Guild Hall is the earliest guild organization of Cantonese Opera, which was founded in Dajiwei, Foshan in the late Ming Dynasty. The red boat is a common means of transportation for Guangdong Opera Troupe in Qing Dynasty, and it is also the place where the actors stay. Because the hull is painted red, it is called "Red Boat", so Cantonese opera actors are called "Children of Red Boat". Muyu Song is a kind of folk rap with Foshan as the center and widely spread in Lingnan area. Popular in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Muyu Song was called Muyu Book. During the Qianlong period, dragon boat songs were produced on the basis of Muyu songs, and Nanyin was derived from Muyu songs and dragon boat songs at the end of Jiaqing. Muyu, Dragon Boat and Nanyin are the local elements of the formation and development of Cantonese Opera. Before Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, Muyu Book was published in Foshan and Dongguan, and gradually turned to Guangzhou and Hong Kong after the Republic of China. Bookstores that publish Muyu books in Foshan include: Qin Xiang Pavilion, Jinwentang and Tianbao Building. "Autumn color in Foshan" is a traditional folk art activity form in Foshan, and "autumn color" means autumn harvest scenery. In the form of expression, it can be divided into seven categories: light color, car color, horse color, ground color, water color, floating color and scenery. 1982 held a grand autumn activity under the auspices of Foshan Municipal Government. Foshan is the cradle of Guangdong music. In the 1930s and 1970s, Guangdong music flourished in Foshan, and famous artists came forth in large numbers. He, one of the "Four Heavenly Kings" of Cantonese Opera, and Yang Rongyao, Yang and Yang in the musical family all came from Foshan, and Yang's Weaving Rainbow is popular all over the country and enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad. Foshan paper-cut has been produced in a large number of specialized industries in the Ming Dynasty, mainly including: copper lining, paper lining, copper writing, silver writing, woodcut overprint, copper chisel, solid color and so on. It has both rough, bold and simple style and exquisite, delicate and luxurious characteristics. Mr. Guo Moruo once praised: "A beautiful cut is immortal among the people." In Qing Dynasty, Hongjia Boxing, Liu Jia Boxing, Cai Jia Boxing, Lijia Boxing and Mohist Boxing were called "Five Famous Boxing in Guangdong". Hongsheng Pavilion in Foshan was founded in the first year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (185 1), formerly known as Caili Buddha Pavilion in Foshan. In the early years of Guangxu, Zhang Yan (word Hongsheng), a disciple of Sean, founder of Cai Li Foquan, was appointed as the curator and renamed Hongshengtang, which trained a large number of martial arts talents. It is one of the oldest and largest martial arts schools in China, and also one of the earliest martial arts organizations in China. Foshan is the birthplace of the Southern Lion. According to legend, lion dance originated in the early Ming Dynasty. Foshan lion dance and binding techniques adopt anthropomorphic decoration techniques, with red face and white beard called "Guan Gong Mian", black face and black beard called "Zhang Fei Mian" and yellow face and white beard called "Liu Bei Mian". Foshan New Year pictures include pictures of door gods and idols, which are collectively called New Year pictures. There are three kinds of original paintings with meticulous brushwork: wood overprint and meticulous brushwork overprint. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the production of woodblock New Year pictures in Foshan entered a peak period, and it was also called "Four Woodblock New Year Pictures" with Yangliuqing in Tianjin, Taohuawu in Suzhou and Weifang in Shandong. Foshan woodblock New Year pictures have absorbed traditional techniques such as Foshan paper-cutting, bronze carving of golden flowers and wood carving. Most of them are overprinted with red, green, yellow and black woodcuts, and some of them are expressed by techniques such as color setting, goujin and silver painting. Among them, the remarkable feature of the door-god painting is that it uses the red lead made of Foshan's famous specialty "Athena Chu" as the background color, which is strong and rich, and is known as "Wan Nianhong". In March, 2003, the state launched the "Rescue Project of China Folk Cultural Heritage", and three projects, namely, Guangdong Foshan Woodblock New Year Pictures, Leizhou Foshan Paper-cut and Stone Dog, were identified as the first batch of rescue and protection pilot projects in China. There is a traditional activity in Shunde countryside, which is very lively, carrying exquisite wooden cabinets and playing music while walking. This way of playing is called eight-tone gongs and drums cabinet playing. The most famous industries in Foshan in history are textiles, ceramics, casting and traditional Chinese medicine. Foshan pharmaceutical industry is known as "the birthplace of Lingnan Chinese medicine" and "the hometown of Guangdong Chinese medicine", with many famous products, such as Wanying Baolong Pill by Liang, popular medicinal liquor, Wuji Baifeng Pill by Jingxiutang, Da Die Wine by Liang Caixin, Suhe Pill by Chen Liji and Mabai. Xiangyun yarn, a famous specialty in Shunde, is an expensive fabric in the history of China, and is praised as "the bright black pearl" by people at home and abroad. After the Opium War, western medicine was introduced to China, and Liang Peiji, a native of Shunde, was the first to turn western medicine into Chinese medicine, making ointment, pills and powder commonly used in China, which opened a new world of pharmacy. 1908, Ruan, an old Chinese medicine practitioner from Huanglian, opened the "Huatianbao" pharmacy, which was the earliest Chinese patent medicine factory in Shunde. Shunde's economy is developed, and its Huanglian wind furnace, Daliang comb and Shunde embroidery are all famous in Lingnan. In addition, women and children can make printed book tickets in Magang, Rong Gui and Shunde, and even Jiangsu businessmen can make them customized in Guangdong. The origin of fried piles in "Fried Piles Full of Gold and Silver" is Longjiang, Shunde. 1873, in his former residence, Xiqiao Jiancun, Nanhai, Chen Qiyuan founded Jichanglong Silk Reeling Factory, the first machine silk reeling factory operated by national capital in China. Chen Qiyuan is good at micro-pen, and can write seven-character quatrains or five-character quatrains on a grain of rice. There is a kind of Shunde cuisine, which is made of flour mixed with lard, milk and sugar. It looks like a golden butterfly. This delicious food is called jumping on the sand. "Mulberry leaves feed silkworms, silkworm excrement raises fish, pond mud fattens mulberry leaves, mulberry leaves fatten silkworms, and silkworm cocoons are abundant". Mulberry, silkworm and fish are recycled to promote each other and maintain the ecological balance environment. It is a rare artificial ecosystem project in the world, and it is the breeding mode of mulberry fish pond. Xiqiao Mountain specialties: bergamot, Wuyun tea, Oncomelania hupensis (below), horseshoe crab (fried horseshoe crab fish), Xiqiao school and Chimonobambusa bambusa. Foshan's strong ceramic culture has trained a group of outstanding ceramic artists. The seven China arts and crafts masters are: Liu Chuan, Zhuangjiadi, Liao Hongbiao, Huang; The four China ceramic artists are Liu Bing, Huo, Zhong Rurong. Yin Ziwei, King of Fanling, was born in Shunde. Famous violinist, composer of Cantonese opera, and one of the "Four Heavenly Kings" of Cantonese opera. Ye Wen is a master of Wing Chun Boxing in Foshan, and he has contributed to the development of Wing Chun Boxing overseas. His sons Ye Zhun, Ye Zheng and his disciples Bruce Lee, Huang Chunliang, Xu Shangtian and Liang Xiang not only spread Wing Chun in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, but also spread its seeds all over the world. Wu, one of the representative works of condemnation novels in the late Qing Dynasty, is from Foshan, and his works are often called "I am from Foshan". Wu Rongguang was a scholar in Jiaqing four years in Qing Dynasty. He is a political envoy in Fujian and a governor in Hunan. In my spare time, I devote myself to painting and calligraphy, study epigraphy and enjoy collecting and appreciating. In his later years, he built a "Gift Bookstore" in Dashutang House of Foshan to collect rare books donated by Emperor Jiaqing. Since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, there have been nine literary champions in Guangdong. Five of them are from Foshan. They are Jane, Helen, Huang Heliang. The two martial arts champions in Foshan history were Zhu Kezhen, a native of Shunde in the first year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1628); Yao Daning, a native of Nanhai in the fourth year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (1799). A couplet in front of the third gate of Foshan Ancestral Temple, "Phoenix-shaped, Three Emerges, Dragon-shaped and Cave-shaped", was written by Li, an important official in Chongzhen period of Ming Dynasty. He is from Foshan. Qu Shizu was a native of Shunde in the late Southern Song Dynasty. His San Zi Jing is one of the most popular children's enlightenment books in society since the Song and Yuan Dynasties. In the Qing Dynasty, Assistant Minister Lang Wen of Shunde Military Department was enthusiastic about his hometown, among which the establishment of Sangyuan Health Fund benefited the most, and he was praised as "boundless merits" by the people in Nanhai and Shunde. Sukie Yip, a female astronomer in Shunde, named the newly discovered planet after herself. In his early years, he studied at Waseda University in Japan and joined the league. He has served as Secretary-General of the National Government, Minister of Overseas Affairs and Minister of Railways. He is a railway youth hostel born in Shunde. China is famous for its martial arts. Shunde has produced a famous martial arts star at home and abroad. He founded the famous Jeet Kune Do. The martial arts star is Bruce Lee. "Lingnan engine shaft is the first model". Xue Guangsen, a native of Longjiang, Shunde, 19 15 successfully manufactured the first domestic diesel engine. Zou Qi Bo is a pioneer of modern science in China and the South China Sea. Zou is a pioneer of modern science in China. He absorbed foreign scientific knowledge, integrated Chinese and western, studied astronomy, surveying, mechanics, optics, mathematics and instrument design and manufacture, and left many books and instruments. In the 24th year of Daoguang (1844), Zou developed the first camera invented by China people themselves. There are four prime ministers in the history of the South China Sea: Julia, Yanfeng, Tai Po and Dali in the Southern Song Dynasty; Minghua Pingzhou Stone Man Liang Chu; Fang Xianfu, a native of Deng Liang, Jiajing Danzao in Ming Dynasty; And Dai Hongci, Datong of Guangxu Xiqiao in Qing Dynasty. Dai Hongci is from Xiqiao, Nanhai. Born in March of the third year of Xianfeng (1853). Shang Shu, the official to the Ministry of Justice, the minister of military aircraft, and the co-organizer, was one of the five ministers who went abroad to inspect politics in the Qing Dynasty, and was also the only minister in Guangdong who took a military aircraft for more than 200 years in the Qing Dynasty. 1905, the Qing government sent five ministers, Zaize, Dai Hongci and Duanfang, to study politics abroad, which was called "five ministers going abroad" in history. Huang Feihong, a martial arts expert, is from Xizhou Village, Xiqiaoling, Nanhai. One of the founders of Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong is He Qi, a native of Xiqiao, Nanhai. 19 13, Chen Yan, a native of South China Sea, went to Manila to participate in the first Far East Games and won the long jump championship, becoming the first person in China to win gold medals in international sports competitions for many times. Lu Esheng, the first Nanhai county magistrate in the Republic of China, was an advanced and outstanding newspaper master. He has founded Qunbao, National Ten-Day Military Newspaper of the 20th Century and Tian Min Daily. On the 16th day of the first lunar month, Foshan people have the custom of "helping the poor". In order to pray that "doing business will help the economy and there will be no bankruptcy." In the past, there were three famous scenic spots in the Pearl River Delta, namely, autumn colors in Foshan, floating colors in Panyu Shawan, and Daliang Fish Lantern in Shunde. Shunde's cooking has always enjoyed a high honor. As the saying goes, "Eat in Guangzhou and do it in Fengcheng. There was a special social phenomenon in Shunde, where women tied a bun and vowed not to marry. This social phenomenon is called women's self-modification. When the silk industry in Shunde declined, some self-grooming girls went to Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Singapore and other places to make a living as housekeepers. They are good at housework, taking care of children and cooking. In Shunde, people used to call them "Sister Ma". In ancient Shunde ancestral hall, pork was usually distributed in the ancestral hall after the sacrificial activities. Everyone generally saw it, and some places only distributed it to men. People over 60 can get double copies, commonly known as "Tai Sui pork". Sticking to the door is a traditional custom in Foshan. The important thing is that the keeper's face must face each other, and he can't stick it back to back by mistake. Otherwise, you will be scolded for "sticking to the wrong door god" and your family will not be peaceful. " Winter solstice is one of the 24 solar terms. The traditional custom in Foshan is that every household should slaughter chickens and ducks during the winter solstice and prepare wine, meat, fruits, cakes and glutinous rice balls to worship their ancestors, so there is a saying that "winter solstice (winter) is the New Year's Day". Shunde dragon dance has a strong atmosphere. At the end of Ming Dynasty, Zhu Kezhen, the champion of Shunde nationality, integrated martial arts into dragon dancing, using the bench as a tool to make him a soldier in Yi Long. This form of dragon dance is called Wolong. A folk festival with a history of more than 300 years, Le 'an Lantern Festival, is held in Le 'an, Luocun, Nanhai on the ninth day of the first month of each year. On the fifteenth day of the first month of each year, the official kiln "Lettuce Party" is extremely prosperous, with traditional programs such as lion dance performance and eating raw Chinese cabbage buns. The 14th day of the fourth lunar month is the birthday of Daxian (Lv Dongbin). The Yunquan Fairy Hall in Xiqiao Mountain is full of pilgrims, and there are vendors who gather in Guanshan Market to perform arts. It is very crowded. During the Lunar New Year, there is a folk custom in Yanbu, Nanhai, where a dragon dance is held on the eleventh day of the first month to pray for a bumper harvest in the new year. The first match factory founded by national capital in China was the Qiao Ming Match Factory built by Japanese returned overseas Chinese in Zhaoqing on 1879 in Wenchang Sha, Foshan. It produces "Dragon Dance" brand matches, and the "Dragon Dance" pattern on the matchbox cover is the first spark in China. 1988 Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Zhigang named Nanhai, Shunde, Zhongshan and Dongguan "Guangdong Four Little Dragons" after imitating the "Asian Four Little Dragons". The leafless well is located at the entrance of Biyun Village in Xiqiao Mountain, which is called "Rising Spring" in geology. This well is rich in water and overflows by gravity. Any leaves that fall on the water will be taken away by the current immediately, and the well water will always be clean and leafless. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, the villagers in Biyun Village of Xiqiao Mountain initiated the establishment of the Monument to the Anti-Japanese Soldiers in Xiqiao Mountain, Nanhai County. "A flat surface standing at the top of a hundred steps.