Question 2: What are the main characteristics of oil painting? According to the categories of creative methods, it can be divided into realistic landscape oil painting, impression landscape oil painting, abstract landscape oil painting and landscape oil painting. Divided by time: classical landscape oil painting, contemporary oil painting and modern landscape oil painting are divided by region: European and American landscape oil painting, Russian landscape oil painting, Dutch landscape oil painting and Mediterranean landscape oil painting. The creative themes are: Thomas landscape oil painting, seascape oil painting, forest landscape oil painting, mountain and flowing water landscape oil painting, pastoral landscape oil painting, Guilin landscape oil painting, birch forest landscape oil painting and other places of interest painters have also created paintings. Introduction of landscape oil painting: Landscape oil painting, also known as "landscape oil painting", is a major category of oil painting, which depicts natural scenery with oil painting materials. In the16th century after the Renaissance, landscape oil painting, as an independent painting, appeared in European painting circles and got great development.
Question 3: Briefly describe the artistic characteristics of oil painting. As an artistic language, oil painting contains many modeling factors such as color, light and shade, lines, texture, brushwork, texture, light sense, space, composition and so on. The function of oil painting technique is to reflect all modeling factors comprehensively or individually. The expression of oil painting materials fully provides the possibility of applying oil painting techniques on a two-dimensional basis. The production process of oil painting is a creative process in which artists consciously and skillfully master oil painting materials, choose and apply techniques that can express artistic ideas and form artistic images. Oil painting not only expresses the ideological content endowed by the artist, but also shows the unique language of oil painting. The development of oil painting has gone through several periods: classical, modern and modern. Oil paintings in different periods are dominated by the artistic concepts and techniques of the times, showing different faces.
Question 4: What are the characteristics of oil painting? The word "oil painting", as its name implies, is a painting expression that takes oil as the medium, mixes pigment with oil, and then transfers it to the base material. When the oil volatilizes or hardens, the pigment adheres to the substrate, thus achieving the purpose of conveying ideas. Since its invention, oil painting has always been the mainstream of painting expression and is deeply loved by people from all walks of life in the world. Today, its charm has not weakened, but has a growing trend. Painters all over the world take oil painting as the main form of expression, and collectors also focus on oil painting. Oil painting has advantages over other paintings, and most of these advantages are based on the media used in oil painting. Oil used in oil painting is a viscous substance, which is not easy to dry. This substance makes oil painting have some characteristics different from other paintings during and after painting. The description is as follows: (1) Oil painting is the most inclusive painting material: oil painting pigments can not only be coated on various substrates. Can also be mixed with other substances (such as paper, sand, sawdust, etc. ) painting. Even after the pigment itself is diluted to varying degrees, the effect is different. In terms of techniques, we can use different ways of expression, such as heavy ink, rendering, splashing ink and shaping, to fully convey the author's thoughts. (2) Oil painting is the most easily controlled color painting material: because oil painting is not easy to dry, there is no phenomenon of flowing around, so the painter can paint slowly to achieve the desired effect. Besides. Oil painting pigments have a strong hiding power, and even if they are painted wrong, they are easily smeared out. (3) Oil painting provides a grand and heavy appreciation interest: oil painting is suitable for large-scale and multi-level text expression because of its heavy pigment and difficulty in drying. (4) Oil painting provides one of the most valuable investments: apart from various features, oil painting itself. The pigments and base materials used in it are quite durable and suitable for collection. Because oil painting has such charming characteristics, although it needs a lot of materials. The vast space still attracts more painting friends to join in it, with oil painting as the main form of expression. It is said that in the past, oil painting pigments were quite expensive, because they were all natural, and painters always bought back powder and prepared their own pigments. The general process is as follows. They put the pigment powder on a marble, hold a flat millstone in their hands, add a little oil, mix the oil and the pigment powder evenly, and then add a little more until the pigment reaches its desired viscosity before they can start painting. An ancient painting researcher said that the things painted by today's painters can't be compared with those painted in ancient times, because painting pays great attention to color, while the previous painters knew more about the characteristics of pigments in their hands. They don't want those painters to go to the store to buy ready-made pigments to paint. This idea has been lost.
Question 5: The main feature of oil painting is that I just reviewed Grade B ... and helped you by the way. T T oil painting: Oil painting is one of the main types of western painting. It paints on special fabrics, boards, thick papers and walls with oil and oily pigments. Generally speaking, oil painting focuses on modeling, reproduction and remodeling, and often uses focus perspective to express the plasticity of the surface. Oil painting pigments have strong hiding power and rich colors, which can fully show the color changes of objects and are very realistic. Chinese painting: Chinese painting is one of the traditional plastic arts in China. It uses brush, ink and Chinese painting pigments to paint on specific materials such as rice paper, leather paper and silk. Chinese painting can be roughly divided into figures, landscapes, flowers and birds and other themes, with meticulous brushwork, freehand brushwork, part-time pen and other techniques. Chinese painting mainly uses the changes of lines and ink colors in modeling, and depicts objects by hook, dot, dye, thick, light, dry, wet, virtual, real, sparse and dense methods, and is skillfully combined with poems, books and seals.
Question 6: What types of oil paintings are there? Generally speaking, oil painting can be divided into three categories: figure painting, landscape painting and still life painting.
(1) figure painting is to show specific people in life and reveal their personality characteristics and social life style. European religious works are all about characters. Images such as the Virgin Mary and Christ all come from people in life. /kloc-In the 5th century, the rise of oily pigments enabled painters to more accurately and vividly express the subtle differences between human skin and clothing, light and environmental atmosphere. Bei Lini, dad? The figure paintings of masters such as Finch, Raphael and Titian are as realistic as their own. 17th century figure painting is more natural, realistic and charming. /kloc-The technique of figure painting in the 0/8th century is more skillful. From 19 to the 20th century, the styles of figure painting are diversified.
Figure painting can be divided into portrait painting, genre painting, historical painting and military painting.
Portraits include head portrait, bust, bust, single portrait, double portrait and group portrait. In nature, portraits are divided into commemorative portraits, dress portraits, life portraits, self-portraits and so on. Self-portrait is a common theme of many painters. Rembrandt, a Dutch portrait painter, took portrait painting as the main goal of his artistic activities all his life, and made about 70 self-portraits.
(3) genre painting is a painting with the theme of expressing social life and local customs. Genre paintings are mostly based on real life, which is most likely to resonate with the public. Such as "Gleaning" and "The Late Bell" by French Miller.
Historical paintings mainly show meaningful events in the development of human society, including myths and legends, historical stories and meaningful events in modern life. Such as the deaths of founding ceremony in Dong and marat in dawit.
④ Military paintings are works with the theme of war. For example, the Spanish painter velazquez's The Fall of Brayda.
(2) As an independent school, landscape painting was founded by Dutch painters in the17th century. Before that, the description of scenery appeared in the background of figure painting. The development of oil painting landscape has gone through several stages, such as classicism, realism, impressionism, post-impressionism and modern symbolic landscape. French painter Koro, Courbet and Russian painter Levitan are all excellent landscape painters.
(3) Still life paintings mainly focus on daily utensils, flowers, fruits, food and prey. Painters describe feelings with things, and reflect the breath of life and the characteristics of the times through the description of still life. The earliest painting that can be classified as still life painting appeared in Pompeii period of Rome, and as an independent painting, it began in the Dutch school of painting in17th century. In the history of art, the painters who have great influence on the development of still life painting are Caravaggio, Corgnet, Xia Erdan, Manet and Cezanne.
Question 7: Oil painting is divided into several factions and styles. Detailed introduction of the four major oil painting schools: Introduction of the four major oil painting schools: The chronological order of the world oil painting schools is as follows:15th century: the origin of oil painting-16th century: the heyday of literature and art-17th century: Baroque-17th century to19th century. Academic school-18th century: Locke school-19th century: Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, Symbolism-20th century: Expressionism, Fauvism, Cubism, Futurism, Expressionism, Abstract Expressionism, Dadaism, Surrealism-20000.000000000606
Classicism:
Essence: elegant, solemn, rational, rigorous and even perfect. Disadvantages: monotonous color, studio behind closed doors, belittling emotions, belittling the expression of color and brushwork, and suppressing impressionism.
Classicism is a cultural trend of thought and artistic tendency popular in European countries from17th century to19th century. It originated from nostalgia and imitation of the artistic style of classical works in ancient Greece and Rome.
As an artistic trend of thought, classicism's aesthetic principle is to express realistic moral concepts with ancient artistic ideals and norms, and to express contemporary ideological themes with typical historical events, that is, to borrow the past from the present. Classical painting takes this spirit as its connotation, advocates elegant and lofty themes, solemn and simple forms, exaggerates rationality but despises emotion, exaggerates sketches and rigorous appearances, pays attention to the perfection of form, despises the expression of colors and strokes, pursues the balance and integrity of composition, and strives to make works produce an ancient beauty of tranquility and seriousness. Technically, classical painting exaggerates the precise sketching techniques and soft shades, pays attention to making the image shape present a sculpture-like conciseness and generalization, and pursues grand composition method, solemn style and arrogant momentum.
Classicism reached its peak under the leadership of famous French painters David and Angel. David's masterpiece is death of marat, and Angel's masterpiece is Fountain.
David's classic death of marat and Angel's classic Fountain.
Baroque art: the essence: bright colors, exaggerated light and shadow, pursuit of irregular forms, undulating lines, intense and lively emotional expression. Weaknesses: Baroque art involves painting, architecture, music, literature, clothing, furniture, etc. It's a great art form, with no weakness for the time being.
Baroque originally refers to irregular and weird pearls, which appeared in the second half of16th century and prevailed in17th century. Baroque was derogatory at that time. At that time, people thought that its gorgeous and boastful style belittled the renaissance style of literature and art, while classicists thought that Baroque was a degenerate art. Only later did they have a fair evaluation of Baroque art, and now it has been recognized that Baroque is a great artistic style in Europe.
Typical representatives of Baroque painters are Rubens in Belgium, Rembrandt in Holland, velazquez in Spain and Van Gogh in England. Dike, etc. Their paintings are vivid, bold, brave, colorful, exaggerating the changes of light and shadow, and their exaggerated rhetoric even exceeds that of Renaissance painters.
Rubens' religious paintings are fierce and colorful; Rembrandt's paintings are like on the stage, with the faces of the characters in the highlights, in sharp contrast with the shadows nearby; Velazquez's Maid-in-waiting, with the weaver girl working in the light outside the window in the background, has great enlightenment to later romantic painters.
Rubens' baroque work "Three Beauty Gods" and Rembrandt's baroque work "Self-portrait"
Impressionism: Essence: All colors are produced by light. It is an extraordinary achievement that light and color go out of the studio to sketch and master the changes and interactions of colors in cold and warm conditions. Weakness: attaching importance to science, it is still prosperous at present. The disadvantage is that the body is messy and trivial.
Impressionism is a painting school that 19 rose in France in 1960s and 1990s. Its representatives are Monet, Manet, Renoir, Degas, pissarro, Sisley, Mo Lisuo, Baziyo and so on. Impressionist painters opposed classicism and academism, which occupied an orthodox position at that time. They continued the thought of Courbet, the predecessor of French realism, "Let art face contemporary life", and further broke away from the dependence on history, mythology, religion and other subjects. At the same time, inspired by modern science, especially optics, they think that all colors are produced by light, so they mix colors according to the spectra of red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple. Because light changes quickly, they think they can only capture instantaneous light ... >>
Question 8: What are the schools of oil painting? What are the characteristics of each faction? How to distinguish different schools of oil painting impressionism?
Since oil painting appeared in Europe for hundreds of years, it has been advocating academic style. They always paint only in the studio, paying attention to the old-fashioned composition form, and their works always lack changing dark tones. Until the second half of19th century, this practice of being isolated from nature was finally spurned by a new school of painting. A group of young French painters, represented by Monet, advocated going out of the studio and rushing to the embrace of nature. Their works are called "Impressionism" because they pursue the change of light and color, bright and brilliant colors, loose shapes and no rigorous brushwork. There are many impressionist painters, including Monet (1840- 1926), Manet (1832- 1883) and pissarro (1830-1900). Monet's masterpiece Sunrise (also known as Sunrise? Impression) became the symbol of the birth of impressionism. In the picture, a sunrise rises in Ran Ran, and the water and the sky are the same color, both of which are light and mysterious by warm clouds and faint morning fog. The water nearby reflects the seemingly transparent orange, lavender and light blue, just like a magical magician weaving a color chapter of light and shadow. Two or three-leaf canoes nearby, cranes, chimneys and factories in the distance are faintly visible. The vibrant strokes of different lengths vividly depict the hazy and poetic morning in the seaside town of Algiers.
Due to the influence of the official salon, impressionist painters held eight unsuccessful exhibitions from 1863, which made people's surprise and ridicule of new art and new painting style gradually move towards acceptance, appreciation and love of real art. Monet's Rouen Cathedral, Woman under the Willow, Manet's Bridge of Ashantra and pissarro's Rest in Peace. Monet, who was almost blind in his later years, also created his largest group of oil paintings, Water Lily.
Impressionism has a great influence. Generations of painters have abandoned the strong "soy sauce tone" of academic school and rushed to the embrace of nature to depict the eternal charm of sunshine and color. /kloc-From the second half of the 9th century to the first half of the 20th century, three outstanding Russian painters were also influenced by Impressionism, and made in-depth research, study and absorption on Impressionist works. They also had a great influence on the art world in China in the future. These three artists are Lie Bin (1844- 1930), a realistic painter, and Levitan, a landscape painter.
Iria？ Lie Bin has profound painting skills and superb artistic talent. Many of his works deeply depict many characters in a realistic way. In his works, boatmen, strong revolutionaries and cruel czars are vividly reappeared in front of the audience. Lie Bin's outstanding works include The Tracker on the Volga River, Refusing to Confess and many realistic portraits.
Xie Luofu is good at expressing indoor scenery under sunshine and air. His works include Girls and Peaches and Girls in the Sun.
Levitan lived less than 40 years old, but he created a lot of excellent landscape oil paintings. He is very melancholy, but his landscape works are bright in color, like beautiful melodies. The painter's works are full of infinite love for life and enthusiasm for the vast land of the motherland. Over the Graveyard is regarded as his masterpiece.
(Tracker on the Volga River)
post-impressionism
Impressionists devoted themselves to the study of light and color, and their spirit of pursuing health, light and joy regardless of poverty and disease, which deeply influenced many painters, such as Van Gogh, Cezanne, Gauguin, Picasso and Matisse. Van Gogh, Cezanne and Gauguin are three pioneers of post-impressionism influenced by impressionism.
Dutch painter Fan? Gao (1853- 1890) had a rough life, and spent most of his time in poverty, but nothing could stop this talented painter from pursuing and yearning for light and beauty. In many of his works, rice fields, sunflowers and even the starry sky are depicted as red and orange, and the brush strokes in the painter's hands are like rushing waves, always full of * *. Where is it? Gao has been in a feverish creative impulse all his life, so it is easy for us to be full of * * * or even some kind of spasmodic fanaticism in his own works ... >>
Question 9: What are the characteristics of mature (innovative) oil paintings? In what ways? Clear thinking, clear theme and impressive. There is no trace of imitation, and it has its own unique perspective. Skillful painting skills, proper handling of light and shade, color and tone.
Question 10: What are the characteristics of contemporary oil painting? Contemporary China Oil Ding broke the traditional single realistic style of oil painting. At the same time, more attention should be paid to sublating a period (referring to the Cultural Revolution and before the Cultural Revolution) which simply followed the purpose of China's political preaching. Turn to pluralism, individuality, freedom and academic development. This is just a general summary. There are many characteristics that we can't all understand. As long as we explore and understand the overall concept in scattered and fragmentary parts, we can show breakthroughs and sublimation at a deeper level ... I only give you this answer because my personal ability is limited. sorry ..