The National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China is the highest organ of state power. Originated from 1948, the Provisional People's Congress of North China is the prelude and embryonic form of the people's congress. Its permanent organ is the NPC Standing Committee. The National People's Congress and the NPC Standing Committee exercise the legislative power of the state. The National People's Congress is composed of representatives elected by provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, special administrative regions and the armed forces. All ethnic minorities should have an appropriate number of representatives. (Excerpted from the Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC)) [1]
The National People's Congress is elected for a term of five years and meets once a year. If the NPC Standing Committee deems it necessary, or more than one-fifth of the deputies to the National People's Congress propose, a meeting of the National People's Congress may be convened temporarily. [2]
The meeting of the National People's Congress is held in the first quarter of each year and convened by the NPC Standing Committee. When the National People's Congress is in session, it elects a presidium to preside over the session.
China People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is a patriotic United front organization of the people of China, an important institution of multi-party cooperation and political consultation led by China, and an important form of developing socialist democracy in China's political life. On the eve of the founding of New China, China People's Political Consultative Conference was established by various democratic parties, Democrats without party affiliation, people's organizations and patriots from all walks of life after a long revolutionary struggle. In accordance with the principle of "long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, treating each other with sincerity, sharing weal and woe", China conducts political consultations on major national policies and important issues in people's lives, and plays the role of participating in and discussing state affairs and democratic supervision through suggestions and criticisms. This is conducive to upholding and improving the leadership of * * *, and is also conducive to more extensive contact and unity with people from all walks of life.
China People's Political Consultative Conference, also known as the "new CPPCC", is different from the "old CPPCC" held in June 1946 and June 1. 1945 after War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, China negotiated with the Kuomintang in Chongqing and decided to hold a political consultation meeting to form a new government. 1946 65438+ 10/0, the political consultative conference was held in Chongqing, attended by China Kuomintang, China Democratic League, China Youth Party and social leaders. In June 165438+ 10 of the same year, the Kuomintang tore up the resolution of the Political Consultative Conference and unilaterally announced the convening of the "National Assembly", thus disintegrating the Political Consultative Conference, namely the old CPPCC.
1948 On April 30th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued a slogan to commemorate the May 1st International Labor Day, calling for a new political consultative conference and the establishment of a democratic coalition government. Democratic parties, people's organizations, Democrats without party affiliation and overseas Chinese responded positively and participated in the preparations for the new political consultative conference.
1949 65438+ On October 30th, Beiping declared peaceful liberation. On June 15, the preparatory meeting for the new political consultative conference was held in Beiping, and 134 representatives from 23 units attended the meeting. /kloc-In September of 0/7, the second plenary meeting of the Preparatory Committee for the new political consultative conference officially decided to name the new political consultative conference "China People's Political Consultative Conference".
1949 On September 2 1 day, the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference was held in Beiping, announcing the formal establishment of China People's Political Consultative Conference. A total of 662 representatives from 46 units attended the meeting. The meeting adopted the Common Program of China People's Political Consultative Conference, the Organic Law of China People's Political Consultative Conference and the Organic Law of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China, which laid the foundation for the new China. The meeting also adopted resolutions on the national flag, national anthem, title and calendar year, and elected members of the National Committee of the first China People's Political Consultative Conference. At that time, China People's Political Consultative Conference shouldered the heavy responsibility of fulfilling the functions and powers of the National People's Congress, completed the historical mission of establishing a new China, and opened the first page of the history of new China.