Baima Tibetans live in Zhouqu County, Wenxian County, Wudu District and Chengxian County in Gansu Province, Pingwu County, Qingchuan County and Jiuzhaigou County in Sichuan Province, and live in Motianling at the junction of Shaanxi, Gansu and Sichuan provinces with a population of about 20,000. Its national language is Baima, and it believes in Bonism and Buddhism. In 1950s, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission listed Baima people as Tibetans in ethnic identification. However, for a long time, the language, customs and culture of Baima people were very different from those of Tibetans. Ethnologists have different views on the national identity of Baima people. There are three major schools of ethnic studies on Baima people: Miao people's theory, Qiang people's theory and Tibetan branch theory. 20 12 the key laboratory of modern anthropology of Fudan university conducted a DNA study on Baima people, and found that Baima people are one of the oldest tribes in east Asia. They are different from Tibetans, and their ancestors came from Bianqiang.

Pingwu County is a place where Baima Tibetans live in compact communities. Several villages around Wang Lang Giant Panda Reserve, such as Baxijia Village and Oak Jiazhai Village, are all Baima people. I chatted with Baima villagers when I was traveling and staying in Xiangshujiacang Village. Most of them claim to be di people, but there are no di, Xianbei and Rouran among the 56 ethnic groups in China. People with white horses are called Tibetans when they are mistaken.