First of all, they are good at grasping the essence of textbooks.
In other words, they can deeply understand what they have learned, build their own knowledge system, and restore complex knowledge to the basic principles of the discipline. Secondly, they adjust their knowledge system by doing targeted questions, instead of becoming problem-solving machines. No matter what problems they encounter, they can analyze and answer them with their own methods and ways of thinking.
In short, what are the characteristics of top students? Skilled study and practice? . Skillful learning is to grasp the principles and key points and build a knowledge system; Skillful practice means not blindly doing problems and forming your own problem-solving thinking and routines.
Remember the knowledge points skillfully and get twice the result with half the effort.
Many students ask me:? Why do I have all the textbook knowledge, but the problem-solving effect is not good? Let me give them an analysis of the reason: textbook knowledge is just you? Remember? Just, not at all? Master? .
This is actually a pain point in students' learning, with repeated knowledge points and mechanical memory, but lack of understanding and failure to build a knowledge framework and system. Therefore, the knowledge structure is relatively scattered, and it is impossible to quickly find the corresponding knowledge points and problem-solving methods when doing the problems, so there is only one knowledge point, one knowledge point, one method and one method to set until it hits the Universiade and casts a net. If students are used to practicing questions every day, then it's almost dependent? Recite? I lack the ability to analyze problems when doing problems. Once the college entrance examination questions change, the questions change, and I can't cope.
How do top students practice questions?
Compared with ordinary students' empiricism and copying, top students are more like a singer, with their own ideas in every subject. When doing the problem, will they? What if I think so? What if I understand so? As the main idea, it doesn't matter if you do a problem 10 times. Because this is a process of verifying one's point of view, it is better to do the same type of problem after giving inferences than to do the 10 problem blindly.
Such as mathematical inequalities, functions, etc. Formula deformation is needed, and top students will naturally think of simplification when they see a lot of formulas. As soon as they see the addition and subtraction of numerator and denominator, they immediately convert it into multiplication and division or eliminate the addition and subtraction sign. They know that numerator and denominator have trouble in addition and subtraction. This is even a way to solve the problem. Pay attention to the essence of inequality and function, instead of analyzing whether it is a multivariate inequality or a quadratic function first. This way of doing problems enables top students to solve any problems as long as they master the knowledge points and understand the problems.
Build a knowledge system and do more with less money.
There are so many knowledge points in various subjects that it is impossible to memorize all concepts, formulas, equations, ancient prose, words and grammar. We should start from the center of principle and knowledge system, and avoid the complicated and huge details in knowledge points. First, simplify the complex, look for real laws, and thus master knowledge; Then, this backbone will spread and accommodate relevant knowledge, so as to get twice the result with half the effort.
Take English learning as an example. English is not like history and geography. You can solve the problem by writing it down. The mastery of language is not only a question of thinking, but also a question of psychological cognition. It takes a very complicated and long process for a sentence to be understood, stored in the brain, called and finally output correctly, which is by no means something we can solve simply by memorizing 800 English sentences. English needs to master the rules. In vocabulary, top students are not simply memorizing words. Through learning, they find the inextricable connections between words and establish their own vocabulary network.
Like a word for you? Swine flu? If you write down the words you think of, you may think of the following words: fever, mask, death, overseas students, horror, prevention and treatment, hand washing, public places, vaccines, intimate contact, economic crisis, natural disasters and man-made disasters, which constitute a vocabulary network. These words have the following characteristics: they are all made up of? Swine flu? Inspired by this word, one word can inspire many words: words are interrelated in meaning, some are close and some are far away; These words include nouns, verbs and adjectives: some say people, some say things, some say places, and some say actions. The enlightenment it gives us is: don't learn a single word when learning, but also make full use of the stimulating effect between words. In addition, through divergent thinking, consciously establish the connection between words. It is also a process of deep processing of word meaning.
Break through their own limitations and give full play to the advantages of the examination room.
In the examination room, many people don't do problems when they are under pressure of time; When they have no pressure, they will do it again. Many people classify this matter as a bad state of mind or a bad state, saying that as long as the state is good, they will definitely do well in the exam. Let's recall that since primary school, we have taken exams for so many years and participated in many exams. How many times have you calculated for yourself? Can you do well in the exam if you are in good condition? Really? Then think about it. How many times have you been in good shape? Most people can't reach this state. Therefore, we need a scientific explanation.
I believe many people are willing to read martial arts novels. What is the realm of a master? No tricks. He doesn't have the eighteen palms of a dragon or the claws of nine yin bones, but he can? Did you see the confession? ! As we all know, only simple methods are useful in the examination room, and complex methods are almost useless. But most students are still stubbornly learning this? Not in the examination room? Complicated operation method. For example, in English, many students recalled a lot of grammar knowledge, a lot of vocabulary knowledge, a lot of syntax knowledge and countless phrases in their heads. There are countless kinds of reading problems: opinions, details and so on. Each type corresponds to a fixed idea. That sounds reasonable, but let's think about it. As a candidate in the examination room, do you still have time to classify the questions and the original text? This backward method of knowing the answer is only suitable for saying this exam question, and it is definitely not suitable for a candidate to do so at a time of time pressure. Let's think it over. When broadcasting, gestalt and reading in the examination room, you can search for the correct knowledge points on the spot. How long will it take to solve this problem again? In this case, the more ideas you have, the slower the search time will be. It will definitely interfere with your instant problem-solving process, so the questions in the examination room reflect your preparation problems!
The master's trick is that all the questions are not his own thoughts, no experience inertia, no knowledge points, but his own research problems. For example, I taught a student this summer vacation. He can't do any math problems in the college entrance examination. It's not difficult, but he has no clue. But he used what I said? No tricks? , or scored, although traditionally this is unreasonable. The original question is as follows:
Given three sides of a triangle ABC, the sine ratio is 5: 7: 8, and the angle B is equal to how many degrees?
That student somehow fainted in the examination room and forgot to use sine theorem and cosine theorem to do the problem. What shall we do? He didn't panic, so he used what I said. I know that the sine ratio of three angles is equal to the side length ratio of three angles, which he knows, so the side length ratio of three angles is 5: 7: 8. He said that anyway, in the examination room, I took a ruler and compass and drew a 5: 7: 8 triangle, which was not difficult. He also carries a semicircle instrument, and the corresponding angle of 7 is B. If the quantity is 60 degrees, choose 60 degrees. I don't know if it's right. If you can't do it, just fill in an answer. This answer may be wrong, but it was done quickly, and finally I got the score. If you really encounter a problem that you can't do in the examination room, you can't ignore it empty. There are many ways to get a score. Whenever you can't do big questions and fill in the blanks, if you have any ability to help you, you can try.
This classmate's way of thinking tells us that we should not think about ourselves in the face of examination questions, but must think about the topic itself. I believe many teachers have said that they hope to read all the textbooks from thin to thick, and the next step is to read from thick to thin, that is, to simplify. This is the realm we are pursuing.