First, early years.

According to the New Tang Book, Li Bai is the ninth grandson of Gui Li, the King of Liang. According to this statement, Li Bai and the kings of Li Tang are actually the same clan, so he should be the same generation brother of Emperor Taizong and Li Shimin.

Unofficial history also said that his ancestors were Li or Li Yuanji, who fled to the western regions because they were destroyed by Li. But there is no evidence for this statement, and both Li and Li Yuanji were killed when they were young, that is, after the change of Xuanwu Gate, so it is very unlikely that they will have their own heirs. According to Old Tang Book, Li Bai's father, Li Ke, was appointed as the city guard. Study in seclusion.

Li Bai was born in the first year of Wu Zetian Dazu (70 1). There are different opinions about his birthplace. There are two opinions: Changlong County, Mianzhou, Jiannan Province (now jiangyou city, Sichuan Province), Qinglian Township (now qinglian town) and Broken Leaves in the Western Regions (Suyabu, located near tokmak, Kyrgyzstan). The latter thinks that Li Bai didn't follow his father until he was four years old (705).

Li Bai received enlightenment education at the age of four. Starting from the first year of Jing Yun (765,438+00), Li Bai began to read historical books of various schools. In the third year of Kaiyuan (765,438+05), I was fourteen years old at the beginning of the year-I was fond of writing fu, fencing, strange books and immortals: "Fifteen books are wonderful, and writing fu is like Confucianism". When he was young, he began to travel around China.

Five years before and after Kaiyuan, Li Bai studied with Zhao Kun, who wrote long and short classics, for more than a year. The study in this period had a far-reaching influence on Li Bai.

In the sixth year of Kaiyuan, I studied in Daitian daming temple (about 50 miles north of Changlong County, Sichuan Province). At the age of twenty-five, he left Sichuan alone and began to wander widely, reaching Xiangjiang River in Dongting in the south and wuyue in the east, living in Anlu (now Anlu City, Hubei Province) and Yingshan (now Guangshui City, Hubei Province).

Second, middle age.

Li Bai once presented the Hanlin in the first year of Tianbao, Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (742). Once the emperor was drunk and asked Li Bai, "What is my status with Tianhou (Wuhou)?" Bai said, "The queen of heaven has many political affairs, and the country is fortunate to be raped. Just like the melons in the children's market, you don't choose the fragrant ones, you choose the fat ones; I am the one who gets the essence of anyone, such as gold from washing sand and stone from cutting stone. "

Xuanzong laughed after listening. But because of his unruly personality, he left Chang 'an in less than two years. It is said that because his Qing Ping Diao offended Yang Guifei, the favorite concubine of the harem at that time (Gao Lishi was ashamed of Li Bai's order to "take off his boots", so Yang Guifei was induced to think that the words "poor swallow leaning on her new makeup" were ironic) and could not stay in the palace.

In the third year of Tianbao (745), he left Chang 'an, "begging for the mountain to return, and the emperor gave money back."

Later, in Luoyang, he met Du Fu and Gao Shi, two other famous poets, and became good friends.

Third, old age.

In the 11th year of Tianbao (752), Li Bai was 52 years old. On his way to the north, he went to Handan, Linming and Qingping County successively. Go to Youzhou in October. At the beginning, I had the idea of making contributions to the frontier and learned to ride and shoot at the border. After discovering An Lushan's ambition, he went to Huang Jintai and wept bitterly. I will leave Youzhou for the south soon.

When the Anshi Rebellion broke out, Li Bai traveled to Huashan, went south to Xuancheng and then to Lushan. In February of 65438+756, Li Bai, as Li Lin's adjutant, was invited down the mountain for three times to look for Yang. After Wang Yong angered Tang Suzong and was killed, Li Bai was also found guilty and imprisoned. Thanks to Guo Ziyi's protection, he was saved from death. He changed to Yelang (now Guanling County, Guizhou Province) and was pardoned when passing through Wushan. At this time, he was 59 years old. (Lin's rebellion)

Li Bai roamed the south of the Yangtze River in his later years. At the age of 6 1, I heard that Qiu Li Guangbi led a great army to crusade against Anshi rebels, so he went north to join the army with Li Guangbi to kill the enemy, but turned back because of illness.

The next year, Li Bai went to his uncle Li, who was then the county magistrate of Dangtu (now Maanshan). In the same year 165438+ 10, Li Bai died in his apartment at the age of 6 1 and was buried in Longshan, Dangtu. In the 12th year of Yuanhe (8 17), observation made Fan follow Li Bai's wishes and moved the tomb to Dangtu Castle Peak.

Fourth, death.

In the third year of Shangyuan (762), Li Bai was seriously ill. He gave the manuscript to Li on his deathbed, and after he wrote his last song, his words soared.

Extended data:

Major achievements

Li Bai has the highest achievements in Yuefu, Gexing and Jueju. His songs completely broke all the inherent forms of poetry creation, with no one to rely on and many strokes, reaching the magical realm of vagaries and swaying. Li Bai's quatrains are natural and lively, elegant and chic, and can express endless feelings in concise and lively language.

Among the poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei and Meng Haoran were good at the Five Wonders, while Wang Changling and others wrote the Seven Wonders well. Li Bai is the only one who is good at both the Five Odds and the Seven Odds.

Li Bai's poems are magnificent and elegant, and his artistic achievements are extremely high. He eulogized the mountains, rivers and beautiful natural scenery of the motherland, with bold and unrestrained style, elegant and fresh, full of romantic spirit, and achieved the unity of content and art, so he was called the "fallen fairy". His poems mainly described the mountains and rivers and expressed his inner feelings.

Li Bai's poems have the artistic charm of "the pen is shaken by the wind and rain, and the poem makes the gods cry", which is also the most distinctive artistic feature in his poems. Li Bai's poems are full of self-expression and subjective lyricism, and the expression of feelings is overwhelming. He and Du Fu are called "Big Du Li" (Li Shangyin and Du Mu are called "Little Du Li").

In Li Bai's poems, imagination, exaggeration, metaphor and personification are often used comprehensively to produce magical brilliance and magnificent artistic conception, which is the reason why Li Bai's romantic poems give people heroic, unrestrained, elegant and immortal.

Li Bai's poems and songs had a far-reaching influence on later generations. Han Yu, Meng Jiao and Li He in the middle Tang Dynasty, Su Shi, Lu You and Xin Qiji in the Song Dynasty, Gao Qi, Yang Shen and Gong Zizhen in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were all greatly influenced by Li Bai's poems.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Li Bai