Lin (1886- 1960), formerly known as Zuhan, was born in Liangshuijing Village, Xiumei Town, Anfu County, Hunan Province, 1886 on March 20th. He is a famous proletarian revolutionary and educator.
Jiang Yiwu (1885-1965438+September 09, 2003), formerly known as Bao Xiang, was born in Lizhou, Changde, Hunan, a famous democratic revolutionary in modern times and a founding father of the Republic of China. 192 1 year, Sun Yat-sen erected a monument for him outside Lizemen, inscribed "Jiang Yiwu, the father of our country, passed away".
Ding Ling (190410/October12-1986 March 4th) is a modern female writer. Formerly known as Jiang Wei, the word Bingzhi, also known as Jiang Wei, Jiang Wei and Zhi. Pen names Bin Zhi, Cong Xuan, etc. A native of Linli, Changde, Hunan.
Dai Xiuzan (1887— 1957), born in Changde, Hunan, Han nationality, is a jurist in China. After graduating from Central University of Law, I studied in Japan. After returning to China, he successively served as the chief procurator of Shi Jing District Procuratorate, director of Henan Provincial Department of Justice, chief procurator of the Supreme Court, director of the Law Department of Shanghai Law School and professor Peking University. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as a member of the Legal Committee of the Central People's Government and a counselor of the State Council. His main works include General Civil Law, Debt Compilation, Negotiable Instruments Law, Interpretation of Criminal Procedure Law, etc.
Jian Bozan (1898- 1968) is a famous historian and social activist in China. Taoyuan, Changde, Hunan, Uygur.
Kun can (a.d. 16 12 ~ 1692) was a painter in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. One of the four monks in the early Qing Dynasty. Liu, a native of Wuling (now Changde City, Hunan Province), now lives in Nanjing. He lost his mother when he was young and became a monk. His legal name is Kun Can, his real name, his real name is Bai Bald, and his real name is No.1. He is disabled, a Taoist who lives by electricity, and a Taoist who lives by stone.
Changde University
Changde has an undergraduate college, hunan university of arts and science.
General situation of education
Changde, which borders Wuling and Xuefeng Mountain in the west and Dongting Lake in the east, is known as "the lips and teeth of the West Chu", "the throat of Wu Shu", "the family of Yunnan and Guizhou" and "the danger of Dongting on the left and the key of five streams on the right" in history. It has jurisdiction over Wuling and Dingcheng 2 districts, Hanshou, Taoyuan, Linli, Lixian, Shimen and Anxiang 6 counties, Deshan Development Zone, West Lake and Xidongting Management Zone, Hejiashan and Dongshanfeng 2 farms, and is in charge of Tianjin. With an area of 18 190 square kilometers and a population of 6.02 million, it is a newly-built provincial city after the cancellation of Changde in June 1988. Known as granary, textile city, tobacco capital, wine market and tea town. This is a land of plenty with a long history and outstanding people! It is also a famous cultural city that advocates morality and attaches importance to education!
Wu Lingren, with its profound cultural background and splendid southern Chu civilization, once opened up fertile ground for education here and cultivated romantic figures from generation to generation. In modern history alone, there are countless celebrities: Song, Lin Xiumei, Qiu Jin and other founding fathers of 1911; Huang Yi, Xiang Jingyu, Wang and other revolutionary heroes who died heroically for the birth of new China; Lin, Su Yu, Teng, Shuai, and other older generation proletarian revolutionaries who struggled for the cause of * * * for life; Ding Ling, a famous literary master at home and abroad, Jane Bozan, a great historian, Xin Qiji, a biologist and other cultural celebrities are all favored by heaven!
The municipal party committee and municipal government attach great importance to education and put education in the first place. They have successively issued a series of documents and policies on educational reform and development, which have enabled Changde's education to develop rapidly, the level of basic education to be improved in an all-round way, higher education to achieve leap-forward development, adult education to achieve gratifying results, vocational education to flourish, and social forces to emerge suddenly, initially forming a multi-level and multi-standard educational development pattern with relatively complete categories, reasonable structure and basically meeting needs.
By the end of 2006, there were 1 944 schools of all levels and types in the city, with 80.38+0 million students. Among them, there are 504 kindergartens with 68,273 children, with an average size of 65,438+0,35 children. Ordinary primary schools 105 1 school, with 307,894 students and an average school size of 293; There are 252 junior high schools with 203 1 19000 students, with an average school scale of 806 students; There are 59 ordinary high schools with students 12438+00000, with an average size of 2049. There are 69 vocational middle schools with 77,267 students, with an average school scale of 1 120 students. There are two ordinary colleges and universities, offering six undergraduate majors in Chinese language and literature, ideological and political education, history, English, mathematics and applied mathematics, physics, chemistry, geographical science, biological science and computer science and technology, four non-undergraduate majors in electronic information technology and technology, automation, mechanical design and manufacturing and its automation, agronomy, and four normal majors in primary education, music, fine arts and physical education. Law, computer information management, urban planning and real estate management, public relations and hotel management, economy and trade, electronic technology, construction engineering, mechatronics, fine chemical industry, animal husbandry and water conservancy, electronic technology, public relations and hotel management, and art design. In addition, aquaculture is jointly organized with Shanghai Fisheries University. 2 vocational colleges, 769 1 person; Adult colleges 1 institute, with 2000 students.
Changde dialect belongs to the northern dialect-the sub-dialect of Southwest Mandarin. This is closely related to large-scale immigration in history. According to historical records, since the Qin and Han Dynasties, northern residents have been moving south. The loss of Yongjia at the end of the Western Jin Dynasty caused the first large-scale southward migration of the northern population. A large number of people went south along the Hanshui River Basin and crossed the river to reach the Dongting River Basin. This great migration continued until the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty once made the people of Xiang Deng (Xiangyang, Hubei, Nanyang, Henan), the nobles of Chang 'an and Luoyang in Beijing, all cast their hands in Jiang Township, so Jingnan Jingyi was ten times as original. "① The migration of northern residents is large in scale, large in number, and geographically concentrated, which makes their language not only difficult to be assimilated by the local indigenous language, but also has a great influence on the local indigenous language. This is the historical origin of the kinship between Changde dialect and northern dialect. In addition, from the Tang Dynasty to the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Li Lang (now Changde) always belonged to the administrative region centered on Jingzhou (Jiangling Prefecture), which objectively promoted the exchange, integration and assimilation between Changde dialect and northern dialect. It can be said that Changde dialect has been infiltrated and washed by the northern dialect since ancient times and finally merged with it. Although a large number of Jiangxi residents moved to Changde since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, they did not have a big impact on Changde dialect because of their small scale and insufficient concentration of region and time, and were eventually assimilated by Changde dialect.
Changde dialect belongs to southwest mandarin, and there is great consistency within the dialect. For example, the ancient and modern voiced stops in Changde dialect are unvoiced; Ancient mother and clay mother are mixed together, and n and l have no difference in meaning; The syllables of fu and Hu are mixed as f, and "fu" is homophonic with "tiger"; There are fewer vowels in the mouth, and the mouth becomes more open. "Duan" reads Dan, which is the same as "Dan"; The ancient tones are divided into Yin Ping and Yangping, and the ancient voiced sounds are attributed to people, but most of them are not divided, and there are generally five modes; The ancient crab found that the pronunciation of the word "mother" and "mother box" was different. In addition, the children of Changde dialect generally need to overlap; There are also the same auxiliary words "hit", "pour" and "get up" and so on. Of course, there are obvious differences within Changde dialect. The Yuan and Li rivers cross the border and divide Changde dialect into two dialects. The dialects of Yuanshui River Basin (Wuling, Dingcheng, Taoyuan and Hanshou) and Lishui River Basin (Shimen, Linli, Lixian, Anxiang and Jinshi) have their own characteristics. Phonetically speaking, there are no tsts' s and tsts' s in the dialect of Yuanshui River Basin (mainly referring to urban areas), and the initial consonant is tsts' 2 and the initial consonant is t? t？ And vowels are a pinch of mouth; There are obvious differences between the mandarin of Lishui River Basin dialect and Mandarin (except Jinshi and Anxiang). In the valley, X is spelled with Hukou Hu, with the initial f, and the pronunciation of Hu is pronounced as F plus, which is the same as that of Fan. In the Lishui River Basin, F and X are the same as Mandarin except before U (except Shimen dialect). In Shui Yuan Valley, the differentiation of polyphony is complicated, and there are yin and yang in Taoyuan dialect, but ZIj is independent and does not blend with other tones. Hanshou dialect and Yangping merge. The dialects in Lishui River Basin are divided into different tones, and the tones of "Ming" and "Gai" are the same. Anxiang dialect and Jinshi dialect both belong to the Yuanshui River basin, but they also show the characteristics of Yuanshui River basin dialects, such as no warping of tst 2; Shimen is adjacent to Xiangxi, and its dialect also shows the characteristics of Xiangxi dialect, such as Tiaojin 4 1. Anxiang dialect can be divided into western dialect and southern dialect. The western dialect belongs to Mandarin, which is dominant, while the southern dialect belongs to Hunan dialect. This is because in the past hundred years, some immigrants have moved to Anxiang, and most of their descendants have retained the characteristics of their ancestors' Xiang dialect, and at the same time they can speak Mandarin, thus forming a situation in which Mandarin and Xiang dialect coexist.
Since liberation, especially since the reform and opening up, economic development, developed transportation, cultural prosperity, and the continuous opening of social life, especially the rapid development of radio and television, have promoted the gradual popularization of Putonghua, and also prompted Changde dialect to move closer to Putonghua. Outstanding performance in two aspects: first, the difference between urban dialect and Putonghua is obviously narrowed; Second, the putonghua level of urban and rural residents, especially teenagers, has improved significantly. For example, the old pronunciation of many words coexists with the pronunciation of Putonghua, which leads to a large number of literary and colloquial readings, and some old pronunciations have disappeared in teenagers' oral English. Many dialect words are also being replaced by Putonghua words. For example, bicycles are gradually replacing "bicycles" and "line cars". With the development of society, the difference between Changde dialect and Putonghua will become smaller and smaller, which is undoubtedly the great development trend.