Classical literature model essay 1: Abstract: In general, academic history includes academic figures, academic events and academic changes. From the perspective of academic history, we can explore the development process of Chinese studies and ancient literature, so as to have a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between Chinese studies and ancient literature.
Keywords: Chinese studies; ancient literature
1. Understand Chinese studies and ancient literature from the perspective of discipline history.
In the continuous development of China's ancient literature, literature? It appears in many ancient books, such as Confucius' Analects of Confucius, which is a classic ancient document. During the Han Dynasty, literature? Also known as yes? Articles? , is the floorboard of all written acts and works. It can be seen that there is no clear distinction between ancient literature and Chinese studies in the early days. Ancient literature includes not only related themes recognized by modern people as literature, but also some genres that do not belong to literature. Therefore, from the perspective of discipline history, the relationship between Chinese studies and ancient literature is analyzed and discussed. It can be seen that some researchers explain that ancient literature belongs to Chinese studies, but in fact, ancient literature is different from Chinese studies.
Second, analyze the similarities and differences between traditional Chinese studies and ancient literature from the perspective of research history.
From the research scope of sinology and ancient literature, sinology studies characters, arts and sciences, textual research and so on. And analyze and discriminate the truth of things, mainly including philology, edition, identification of forgeries, bibliography, exegetics and collation. From the perspective of ancient literary works, it can be divided into four periods: pre-Qin, Qin and Han Dynasties to Tang Dynasty, Tang Dynasty to the end of Yuan Dynasty, and early Ming Dynasty to May 4th Movement. Among them, poems, words, songs, poems, legends and novels are all genres of ancient literature. Under the mutual influence of traditional Chinese studies and ancient literature, the formation of China literature philology provided an important foundation for the development of bibliography, including carving, typesetting, identification and retrieval, which greatly influenced the cultural development of China. Because the research angles of traditional Chinese studies and ancient literature are different, the same works will produce different research effects. Judging from their research methods, there are both similarities and differences. For example, in the study of The Book of Songs, Sinology studies the content, while ancient literature studies the writing techniques of various Ci and Fu and the expression of thoughts and feelings. It can be seen that from the perspective of research history, there are many similarities between Chinese studies and ancient literature, and we can also study them from different levels, so that Chinese studies and ancient literature have their own characteristics and research systems.
Thirdly, from the perspective of academic history, this paper discusses the development process of Chinese studies and ancient literature.
Generally speaking, academic history includes academic figures, academic events and academic changes. This paper discusses the development process of sinology and ancient literature from the perspective of academic history, so as to understand the relationship between sinology and ancient literature more comprehensively. In the actual research process, the academic history of sinology and ancient literature mainly includes the following three aspects: First, the mutual penetration of sinology and ancient literature has been confirmed in many ancient documents. Among them, the relationship between Song studies and literary ideas in Song Dynasty is a typical representative of the mutual infiltration between Chinese studies and ancient literature. Second, the academic history of Chinese studies has unique characteristics. In many cases, it can better highlight the writers' thoughts and fully display the thoughts of ancient writers. At the same time, it can help researchers to study the literary achievements of ancient literature more comprehensively; Thirdly, in the study of modern literature, the relevant research of Sinology and the academic history of ancient literature must be objective and fair, so as to have a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding and evaluation of Sinology and the academic history of ancient literature. Therefore, from the perspective of academic history, we can have a more systematic understanding of the relationship between Chinese studies and ancient literature, thus providing reliable reference for related research.
refer to
1, Wang Zhaopeng, the sixth grade of China ancient literature communication research; Jianghan Forum 2006-05- 1545
2. Wenhua: an important academic resource of ancient literary criticism. Journal of Wang Shuizhao Sichuan University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition) 2005-07-2037.
Ancient Literature Model II: Reflections on Practical Teaching of Ancient Literature in Vocational Schools Abstract: In a word, we are actively exploring the concrete implementation of practical teaching and have basically formed a certain system. Each style of practical learning has its own system: both decentralized practical learning combined with theoretical teaching and relatively independent comprehensive practical activities that undertake multiple teaching objectives.
Keywords: ancient literature; Trial teaching
First of all, the poetry part
China's ancient poetry is a broad concept, including ancient poems, songs and folk songs. Judging from the teaching objectives of cognition, ability and quality, the ways and effects of realizing ancient poems, words and songs are basically the same. For this part, we have designed three practical teaching objectives: memorizing and reciting famous articles; Understand and appreciate ancient poetry; Interpret ancient poems, design teaching plans and put them into practice. Let's talk about the specific operations in turn.
1. Memorize and recite. Vocational and professional skills training is a very important part of professional training plan. At the beginning of enrollment, all students in this major are divided into several groups according to the order of student numbers, with a maximum of 10 in each group. According to the vocational and professional skills training plan formulated by the department, an instructor is arranged to train the students' skills during the two-year theoretical study. The practical teaching of this course also depends on this premise, and the two closely cooperate and are part of the system. After the content of a certain stage is finished, the teacher gives the required articles, and each group member recites them to the group leader, who makes detailed records and grades them; The team leader concentrates on studying the Committee's clearance score; The recitation of the study Committee members is directly responsible by the classroom teacher. At the same time, the teacher will randomly check the recitation of an uncertain number of students in class. If the students' recitation is inconsistent with the group leader's record, the students in this group need to spend time to pass the examination of the study Committee. This method is more practical than filling in the blanks in the final exam paper. In addition, in vocational skills training, there is the task of reciting ancient poems every semester.
2. Understand and appreciate. Is this goal and practical task arranged in the second semester professional skills training? Appreciation of literary works? In the middle school stage, students appreciate the given ancient poems, write short essays, communicate with each other among the members of the same group, and the teacher evaluates and corrects them.
3. Interpret and tell a good ancient poem. Does the interpretation of ancient poetry in the third semester arrange professional skills training? Text interpretation? Students write written articles from the perspective of text analysis, communicate with teachers in groups, and evaluate and revise them. After the poetry part, arrange time for each group to prepare lesson plans, and choose one person to speak an ancient poem in class.
4. After reciting, understanding, appreciating and in-depth understanding, organize a reading meeting of ancient poetry in the class, so that students can have an emotional sublimation of ancient poetry. Give a certain preparation time, during which participants can ask teachers for guidance. The class committee should do a good job in meeting affairs. After the recitation, the judges composed of study committee members, ordinary students and teachers will grade, determine the ranking and give corresponding rewards. Through such a solid level, students can basically perform with ease when reciting and reciting an ancient poem in comprehensive activities, which also lays a solid foundation for teaching ancient poems in primary and secondary schools in the future.
Second, the prose part.
Classical Chinese is a language barrier, which is closely related to politics and morality, making it difficult for students to learn. It is unrealistic to concentrate on dredging the meaning of the text in class and then understand and analyze the article. Therefore, students need to use their spare time to teach themselves before class, find out the words, special usages and sentence patterns in the article, and roughly understand the literal meaning of the article. In class, we first report the results of autonomous learning to each other, and then discuss the theme, writing method and structure of the article in groups.
1. Preview before class. The preview content is arranged one week before each class, including literary knowledge, the significance of reading classical Chinese words, the general structure of the article and related issues. Students use reference books, the Internet and other independent learning, grouping and sorting out their learning results.
2. Report the learning results. Ask the students to solve the above basic problems in groups in a class and explain them to the whole class. After that, the teacher will not repeat it, but only supplement the missing parts.
3. Improve sublimation. After solving the basic problems, some questions are put forward to discuss and demonstrate the viewpoints involved in the selected text. For example, Wang Anshi thought when reading Biography of Meng Changjun? Meng Changjun is the hero of Cockcrow and Dog Thief? 、? Get a scholar? It can unify the whole country, let students talk about their views on this issue in combination with the history of the Warring States period, and cultivate students' critical thinking ability and logical thinking ability to discover problems, establish opinions and prove opinions. In addition, after oral discussion, students form words. In this process, they learn the thoughts and writing skills of the ancients. The practical study of prose can give full play to the enthusiasm and initiative of students' independent study and inquiry, ignite their interest in ancient culture, and exercise their logical thinking ability and oral expression ability. The classroom atmosphere has also become more active from the previous teacher's dullness.
Third, the novel and drama part.
Fiction and drama belong to narrative style, and many ancient novels and dramas have also been put on the modern screen. But on the whole, there is still a big gap between students' foundation in these two aspects. So there are subtle differences in specific operations.
1. Novel
Legends of the Tang Dynasty and novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties were known to students before. So a large part of the content is basically given to students to learn independently. Everyone talked freely about the stories written in the novel, their views on the characters and the discussion of the theme. The teacher just summarizes and guides some important literary common sense and theme trends. This can effectively use the accumulated knowledge of students and avoid telling stories too much in class. More importantly, students feel that their participation will enhance their interest and motivation for further study and exploration.
2. Drama
The drama part is the difficulty of the whole ancient literature, and it is also the weakness of students. Although it is consistent with modern film and television in nature and function, it is difficult for students to grasp the true face of ancient drama intuitively because of the lack of ancient materials. So before entering this part, let's show the movie Farewell My Concubine, which contains many ancient drama vocals and costumes. Although it is mainly Peking Opera, it is enough for students to know something about ancient drama. After watching it, explain some common sense of ancient drama combined with the content of the film and ask the students to write comments.
3. Comprehensive practical activities
After the novels and plays are finished, arrange the students into groups. Each group of students chooses a fragment or scene from an ancient novel or drama, and writes, directs and plays a small stage play. Give a certain preparation time, then perform in class and hand in the script. Students not only have a deeper understanding of the stylistic essence of drama and novels, but also try to figure out the language, movements and even psychological activities of characters through topic selection, adaptation and role assignment, and have a deeper sense of closeness to ancient culture.
Four. abstract
In a word, we are actively exploring the concrete implementation of practical teaching, and have basically formed a certain system. Each style of practical learning has its own system: both decentralized practical learning combined with theoretical teaching and relatively independent comprehensive practical activities that undertake multiple teaching objectives. At the same time, practical teaching in the classroom and practical learning in vocational and professional skills training go hand in hand and cooperate with each other. After this series of active participation and exploration, the students not only mastered the knowledge and improved their ability in the activities, but more importantly, they were no longer interested in ancient literature as before? The mountain is upward? It is daunting, but I feel the vitality and vitality of ancient cultural heritage from my heart, and even like ancient literature. This is the ultimate goal of our ancient literature teaching, to explore the modern significance of ancient literature and culture, to make her enter modern life, and to exert a subtle influence on the spiritual world of modern people.
refer to
1, Reflections on the Study of the Communication Mode of China Ancient Literature Wang Zhaopeng; Literary Heritage 2006-03- 1547