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Liu He, the ninth emperor of the Western Han Dynasty and the emperor with the shortest reign in the history of China, was called the King of Changyi. Liu He is the grandson of Liu Che, the most talented emperor in the Han Dynasty. At the age of five, he succeeded his father Liu Bo to the throne and became the king of Changyi. Liu He is a typical ignorant dude, and his behavior is very absurd and weird. In his fief, he was always arrogant and unrestrained. No matter whether Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty died or Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty died, Liu He was still the same, so he went out to cruise and hunt and indulged.
Liu He's accession to the throne as emperor is actually very dramatic. In April of the first year of Han Yuanping, Emperor Zhao died at the age of 2 1. That year, the Shangguan Queen was only fifteen years old and had not given birth. Zhao Di, Emperor Gaozu, had no children in other harems. So, who should be the emperor?
At that time, only Liu Xu, the son of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, was still alive. Ministers all advocated that Liu Xu should be emperor. General, Fu Huo Guang disagreed, saying that it was ridiculous for Liu Xu to be emperor. Stone can lift tripod, bear and beast with bare hands and advocate amusement. When Emperor Zhao was shown, Liu Xu coveted the throne and made a witch spell.
He is Huo Qubing, the half-brother of Huo Guang, a famous Western Han Dynasty star, and the Shangguan Queen is the granddaughter of Huo Guang. Before the death of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Huo Guang was appointed as assistant minister of Liu Fuling Zhao Di of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. So, at that time, Huo Guang's opinion was very important, and everyone in the Qing Dynasty was watching Huo Guang's face.
At that time, someone in the imperial court wrote to Huo Guang, saying, "The emperor mainly looks at his suitability, regardless of his qualifications. As long as it is suitable, even the younger generation is afraid to stand. " Give this letter from Huo Guang to Prime Minister Yang Chang for ministers to discuss. As a result of the final discussion, everyone advocated the establishment of Liu He, the king of Changyi. So, Huo Guang wrote a letter in the name of the queen, and sent Yuecheng, Shaofu, Liu De of Zong Zheng and Bingji, the doctor of Guanglu, to see the king of Changyi, and invited him to come to Chang 'an to reign.
Liu He, the king of Changyi, is a real prodigal son. When he was mourning for Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he dared to go hunting with his entourage. According to the relevant regulations at that time, this was an extremely serious crime. One of his deputies, Wang Ji, seized the matter and gave him a good scolding. He rewarded Ji Wang Wu's wine and 500 Jin of beef, saying that he must turn over a new leaf. But after what happened to him, he is still the same.
Liu He has a doctor named Gong Sui, and he has advised him many times. Liu He was impatient, so he put his hand over his ear and ran out. As he ran, he giggled and said, "Shame on Lang Zhong Ling!" Later, with the consent of Chang Yi Wang, Gong Sui specially selected a dozen literati to wait on him and explain various manners to him. He got rid of these people in a few days.
The picture comes from the internet.
Lecheng, Liu De and Bing Ji were ordered to get to Changyi and meet Liu He. It was midnight. This should be a great event for the emperor. I can't wait to leave for Beijing at once. But Liu He didn't start his journey until noon the next day. When he left, it was like marching. After running for more than three hours 135 miles, many attendants' horses on the road were exhausted. Liu He has no timetable, no sense of time, and he can do whatever he wants. The acting is ridiculous.
However, what Liu He did on his way to Chang 'an was even more ridiculous: when driving to Jiyang, Liu He was still thinking about local specialties and sent people to ask for "Changming Chicken" as a pastime along the way; When he passed Hongnong, he also asked his slaves to rob some beautiful porcelain.
After Liu He and his party arrived at Bashang, Liu He was so excited that he even got carried away when the etiquette officials of the palace provided the ride service that only the emperor could enjoy. However, in order to pass the customs smoothly, he had to restrain his usual absurd behavior and firmly write down the instructions given to him by Langzhong Gongsui. When the coachman arrived at Weiyang Palace in Chang 'an, "Get off and cry in Chang 'an West. Liu He's impromptu performance "Cry Like a Meter" passed the court interview and touched Huo Guang's heart. Huo Guang took him to see the Shangguan Queen, and then the Shangguan Queen wrote a letter asking him to be a prince. In June, Liu He accepted the emperor's seal as the crown prince, that is, the position of the emperor; Zhao Di's widow, 15-year-old Shangguan Queen, is Empress Dowager Cixi.
As the saying goes, a dead dog can't help the wall. Liu He, the king of Changyi, became emperor, but he was nothing like the emperor. Every day from morning till night, instead of discussing state affairs with Huo Guang and ministers, he brought all the original troops of Changyi to Chang 'an, and even brought drummers, fighting dogs and jugglers of Changyi to the palace to let them play by themselves and reward them with money at will. During the mourning period, meat was not allowed in the palace, but he secretly sent people to buy chickens and pigs outside the palace and brought them back to slaughter and eat. He idled around and even went to the harem in South Korea to rape maids.
One day, Liu He dreamed that on the east side of the steps of the west gate of the Palace, there was a pile of dung of green-headed flies, about five or six stones covered with big tiles. When Liu He asked Gong Sui, Gong Sui said, "Isn't there a saying in the biography of Huo Ri in the Han Dynasty that your majesty reads every day: A bluefly came and got off the fence, and a gentleman doesn't believe in slander? There are many adulterers on your left, just like flies in your majesty's dream. Therefore, we should choose the descendants of the first emperor's ministers as your majesty's cronies and attendants. If you can't bear to let go of Changyi's past and trust those who flatter you, it will definitely lead to ominous disasters. I hope your majesty can turn evil into good and expel all the adulterers among the old people in Changyi from the court. Gong Sui is willing to set an example and take the lead. " Liu He still ignored, don't listen to Gong Sui.
At that time, the whole palace was completely dark and malodorous by Liu He. According to the Book of Songs, Liu He "on the 27th day after his self-styled, the emissary held a ceremony in the afternoon and sent letters to various government agencies, involving 65,438+027 major events." I did 1 127 ridiculous things in 7 days, with an average of 40 things a day. This number is really amazing!
Huo Guang did not expect that he had become such a prodigal emperor. He was really angry and regretted it. He was afraid to make any noise. He quietly called Tian Yannian, his confidant, and asked him what to do. Tian Yannian said, "The general doesn't think this man can be an emperor. Why not tell the queen mother to abolish him and choose a sage? "
The picture comes from the internet.
Huo Guang said: "I also want to do this, but I wonder if there is such a precedent in ancient times?" Tian Yannian said, "Why not? In the Yin Dynasty, there was a country called Yi Yin, which once deposed Emperor Taijia and made the country stable. Later, the world said that he was a loyal minister. If the general is like this, he will become Yi Yin in the Han Dynasty. " Huo Guang went to consult with Zhang Anshi, who had been promoted to be a general, and Zhang Anshi agreed to depose Liu He.
Huo Guang sent Tian Yannian to inform the Prime Minister Yang Chang. Yang Chang is a timid person. Hearing that the new emperor was going to be abolished, he broke out in a cold sweat and his mouth was tongue-tied. The wife took advantage of Tian Yannian's going out to change clothes and quickly said to her husband, "This is a national event. Now that the general has made a decision, he will send Senior Brother Sinon to inform you. If you don't promise from the heart and work hard with the general, will there be any good results? " Mrs. Yang Chang had no choice but to explain herself. He said: "Come back after changing clothes, open a wife to prolong life, promise, please follow the general's military orders." Yang Yanchang's wife Tian Yannian discussed this problem. She didn't mean Chang Yang, but "obey the general's orders!" "
On the 27th day of the reign of King Changyi, Huo Guang summoned officials from civil and military departments to Weiyang Palace to discuss with them the abolition of King Changyi. Huo Guang came straight to the point and asked, "King Chang Yi is ignorant, so I'm afraid it will harm the country. What do you think we should do? " Ministers saw that Huo Guang called Liu He the king of Changyi instead of the emperor, and they were too scared to speak for a long time. Seeing this situation, Tian Yannian couldn't help but stand up, press the handle of the sword and say, "The first emperor entrusted the world to the general because the general was honest and wise and could decide Liu's world. If the ancestral temple of the Han dynasty was completely sacrificed from the hand of the king of Changyi, would the general go underground to see the first emperor after his death? There is no room for hesitation in the decision made by the general today. If anyone doesn't respond, I'll cut off his head at once! " Huo Guang said: "All the responsibilities should be borne by me." Hearing this, the ministers all knelt on the ground and kowtowed, saying in unison, "We must obey the general's orders!" " "So, Huo Guang asked the secretary to take out the written paper in advance and let the ministers sign it one by one.
Then, Huo Guang led the ministers to see the Queen Mother and stated Liu He's immoral behavior. So the queen mother drove to the Chengming Hall of Weiyang Palace and ordered the palace gate not to let the former Changyi minister in. The eunuchs guarding the door received the imperial edict from the Queen Mother, and each of them kept a palace gate. As soon as Liu He entered the greenhouse hall, the eunuchs immediately closed the door, keeping out the former governors of Changyi countries who followed. Liu He immediately asked in fear: "What is this?" Huo Guang knelt beside him and said, "The Queen Mother has an imperial decree forbidding the former princes of Changyi from entering the palace." Liu He said, "Just give the order slowly. Why are you so scary!" Huo Guang ordered all the governors of Changyi Kingdom to be rushed to Kinmen, arrested by Zhang Yuyu and put into prison. At the same time, Huo Guang ordered the eunuchs who had worked under Zhao Han to protect Liu He. He ordered: "Be sure to guard against Liu He's murder or suicide, and let me bear the notoriety of killing the Lord in front of the world." At this time, Liu He didn't know the internal cause, so he asked the people around him, "What crime did my former vassal commit? Why did the general lock them all up? "
When Empress Dowager Cixi summoned Liu He, Liu He was really scared and said, "What did I do wrong? Why did the Queen Mother summon me? " In this way, with the participation of civil and military officials such as Liu He and Huo Guang, the empress dowager wrote to depose Liu He. Liu He still refused to give up, saying, "I heard that as long as Heaven Emperor has seven ministers who dare to tell the truth, even if he is extravagant, he will not lose the world." Huo Guang said: "You have been deposed, how can you be called the son of heaven again?" Then he grabbed Liu He's hand, untied the ribbon with the imperial seal he was wearing and gave it to the Queen Mother. Then help Liu He to the lower hall and send it directly to the official residence established by Changyi Wang in Chang 'an. After twenty-seven days of emperor addiction, Liu Helian didn't even decide a title, so he was inexplicably abolished. More than 200 ministers brought from Liu He in Changyi, except a few honest people such as Wang Ji and Gong Sui, were all executed.
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Afterwards, Huo Guang personally sent Liu He to Changyi House and said to him, "Your Majesty is dead, and my soldiers and crabs will be powerless. I would rather be sorry for your majesty than for my country. From today on, my deputies can no longer serve the king. Please take care! " In this way, Liu He was only emperor for 27 days and was driven back to the fief Changyi. It is a pity that Liu He, the former great emperor, was only treated as an ox cart when he left the palace. When he arrived, he was appointed as a sea faint, and then he was deported to. In 59 BC, Liu He died in his thirties.
In July of that year, Huo Guangli made Liu Bingyi the great-grandson of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, that is, Emperor Xuan Di. Liu Xun is the great-grandson of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, and the Queen Mother Shangguan is the grandmother of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty Xuan Di. In this way, when Shangguan Shi was only fifteen years old, he was honored as the queen mother and became the youngest queen.
Xuan Di, the Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, lived among the people for a long time before he ascended the throne, and knew well the hardships of people's livelihood. Therefore, he ascended the throne as a logistics political country, which made the Han Dynasty strong for decades. During Xuan Di's administration, "officials have responsibilities and people have fun", which is called "Zhongxing". It should be said that during the reign of Xuan Di, the strength of the Han Dynasty was the strongest and the economy was the most prosperous. Therefore, the history books greatly praised Emperor Xuan Di, saying that "filial piety is declared, merit is rewarded, and martial arts can be described as rejuvenation".
Historical events are often the result of the interaction of comprehensive factors. Liu Jixing believes that the reason why Liu He was deposed so quickly was not only the well-known absurdity, but also the struggle for political power. When Liu He became emperor, he should have relied on and reused the courtiers headed by Huo Guang, made him emperor, and safeguarded their vested interests in North Korea. However, Liu He did not do so, but brought all the troops of the original Changyi country to Chang 'an. The struggle between power and interests is now the only way out for Liu He, which has no foundation in North Korea, to be deposed. Empress Liu He, deposed by imperial edict, was only fifteen years old, and the actual power of the imperial court was actually in the hands of General Huo Guang. By abolishing legislation, Huo Guang's position and power became more stable. The biography of Huo Ri in the Han Dynasty records that "the abolition of the king of Changyi is more important than the rights and interests".