1, Mencius inherited hundred schools of thought's ideological tradition of attaching importance to and protecting the people, and reflected the social voice of saving the people from fire and water during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. "People live in their own country, food is the most important thing for the people", a famous saying circulated by China since ancient times, reflects the ruling national policy of feudal countries, and also reflects that any feudal dynasty in the history of China is considering the survival and life of its ruling object-people. Tracing back to the development history of China's ancient people-oriented thought, it can be seen in the pre-Qin period. In the pre-Qin period, hundred schools of thought had his own people-oriented theory, and they all put forward their own people-oriented thoughts from the interests of different classes and strata. The real origin of China's people-oriented thought is from Yin Shang Dynasty to Western Zhou Dynasty. This is because in the Yin and Shang Dynasties, the cruel exploitation and arbitrary rule of the rulers made the social contradictions at that time unprecedentedly intensified, and civilian riots continued to occur. Some enlightened politicians in the ruling group began to doubt the "destiny" and put forward the view that only by respecting the people can they rule for a long time. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, hundred schools of thought also had different views on people-oriented thought.

2. Mencius, as the successor of pre-Qin Confucian people-oriented thought, developed Confucius' rule of virtue into benevolent government, and Mencius' people-oriented thought is the core of China's traditional theory of governing the country. He advocated that Zhang Yiren should govern the country and the people with benevolence. He believes that "for the king, those who are high will be benevolent, and those who have virtue can have a position." In the relationship between the monarch and the minister, he put forward: "The monarch regards the minister as dirt, and the monarch regards the minister as an enemy" ("Mencius? In the summer), Mencius regarded the people as one of the three treasures of governors, and pointed out: "Three treasures of governors: land, people and government. "Mencius held high the status and role of the people, reflecting the idea that the country can change, the monarch can change, and the people cannot change easily, which has a far-reaching impact on future generations. Mencius inherited and developed the pre-Qin philosophers' thought of attaching importance to the people, advocating that the people should be the main body and the standard, highlighting the interests of the people on the premise of safeguarding and safeguarding the interests of the monarch, and advocating that politicians "listen to the people", which was a progressive thought at that time. It is embodied in two basic aspects: enriching the people and teaching the people.

The main contents of Mencius' people-oriented thought are as follows: first, Mencius' emphasis on the people and contempt for the monarch is the main content of Mencius' people-oriented thought. Under normal circumstances, the ancient rulers of China not only agreed with the basic idea of "valuing the people but despising the monarch", but also demanded that all those who studied as officials should know the truth. To comprehensively judge "the people are more expensive than the monarch", we must pay full attention to the important historical phenomenon that "the people are more expensive than the monarch" can match the imperial system. The idea that "the people are more expensive than the monarch" embodies the idea that the country can be changed, the monarch can be changed, and the people cannot be changed easily. This was indeed a brilliant idea at that time, and it also inherited and developed the ancient thought of "people are the foundation of the country".

Second, another concern in Mencius' people-oriented thought is the policy of enriching the people. Enriching the people has always been the concern of every ruler, and it is also the economic embodiment of people-oriented thought. Many policies are put forward, such as: "Don't go against the farming season, don't rush into the pool, and rush into the mountains with time." Mencius painted a romantic picture of harmony and happiness between man and nature for us, and at the same time encouraged the rulers to use the slave economic system of the Western Zhou Dynasty to implement the idea of benevolent government.