Chongming District consists of Chongming Island, Changxing Island and hengsha island, with a total land area of 14 1 1 km2. Chongming Island is located at the midpoint of China's coastline, and its geographical orientation is from east longitude 12 1 09' 30 "to north latitude 3 1 2 1 54' 00" to 3 1 27' 00 ".
Surrounded by the river on three sides and the sea on one side, the island is known as the "gateway to the Yangtze River" and "Yingzhou in the East China Sea". It is bordered by the Yangtze River in the west, the East China Sea in the east, Pudong New Area, Baoshan District and Taicang City in Jiangsu Province across the river in the south, and Haimen City and Qidong City in Jiangsu Province in the north. The island covers an area of 1267 square kilometers, with a length of 80 kilometers from east to west and a width of 13 ~ 18 kilometers from north to south.
As of June 20 19, Chongming District has jurisdiction over 16 towns, 2 townships, 66 neighborhood committees and 27/kloc-0 administrative villages: Chengqiao Town, Baozhen Town, xinhe town, Miao Zhen, Shuxin, Xianghua, Samsung, Yan Gang, Zhongxing, Chen Jia, Lu Hua and Hong Kong.
Extended data
Evolution of Chongming construction area
Chongming Island (sandbar) has a history of 1400 years. During the reign of Emperor Wude of Tang Dynasty (665,438+08 ~ 626), two sandbars rose in the southeast of Hudouzhou (now Nantong) in the Yangtze River estuary, separated by more than 70 miles, and were called Xisha and Dongsha in history. According to legend, during the reign of Wu Zetian (696-697), fishermen and woodcutter began to farm and settle in Xisha.
During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Yang Wu set up Chongming Town in Xisha in the third year of Tianzuo (937), which belonged to Jinghaidu Town (now Nantong), which was the beginning of the construction of Chongming area. In the fifth year of Xiande (958), the army of the later Zhou Dynasty captured all the territory of Nantang in Jiangbei, and temporarily cancelled the establishment of Chongming Town.
At the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty, Chongming Town was restored and belonged to Haimen County, Tongzhou. In the third year of Tiansheng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1025), Yao continued to rise and gradually bordered Dongsha. In the first year of AD (1 10 1), Sansha rose more than 50 miles northwest of Yao.
In the 15th year of Jiading in the Southern Song Dynasty (1222), Hantuozhou Manor abandoned by Yao Liusha was set as a godsend saltworks, which was under the jurisdiction of Huaidong. In the first year of Baoqing (1225), the Tianci Salt Field was placed under the General Administration of Huaidong. In the Song Dynasty, Xisha gradually formed three villages of equality, Dao 'an and Xerox, and then gradually disintegrated.
From the Yuan Dynasty to the 14th year of Yuan Dynasty (1277), Chongming Town was promoted to a state, belonging to Yangzhou Road. Xue, the first magistrate of Chongming County, built Zhoucheng in the former site of Yao Prefectural Office. Chongming Town was changed to Xisha Inspection Office, and the only remaining Daoan Village was changed to Daoan Township.
At the end of the yuan dynasty, Dongsha was connected with Yao and Yao, and continued to rise in the south and fall in the north. In the 12th year of Yuan Dynasty (1352), the old city collapsed and Zhoucheng moved to the north of the original site on 15. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, the East Beach was less than half.
In the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369), Chongming was reduced to a county and still turned to Yangzhou Road. In the eighth year of Hongwu (1375), he was transferred to Suzhou. During the Wen Jian period (1399 ~ 1402), Pingyang sand rose to more than 30 miles southwest of Sansha. In the 18th year of Yongle (1420), the south of the city was forced by the tide, and the county moved to Qinjiafu (village) in the north 10.
In the tenth year of Hongzhi (1497), it was transferred to Taicang. During the Zheng De period (1506 ~ 152 1), Changsha emerged from the water. In the southeast of Pingyang sand, the position of sand has basically not moved after landing. During this period, Yaoliusha was connected with Sansha in the northwest, and only Daoan was left in the collapse of Xisha.
In the eighth year of Jiajing (1529), the old town of Qinjiafu (village) fell into the sea, and in the third year, the county moved to Majiabang, Sansha. The city collapsed after more than 20 years of existence. In the 29th year of Jiajing (1550), Yao Liusha collapsed and Sansha collapsed. In the thirty-fourth year of Jiajing (1555), the county moved to Pingyangsha for nearly 30 years.
In the 11th year of Wanli (1583), Pingyang sand began to collapse, and then the collapsed part gradually bordered Changsha. In the sixteenth year of Wanli (1588), the county moved to Changsha in May, with a radius of four miles and seven minutes around the city, which has continued to this day.
By the early Qing Dynasty, Changsha had gradually formed a big island, and it was still growing. During the reign of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, Shen, General and Zhang Mingzhen of Nanming Empire all came to counterattack Chongming Island. In the 16th year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1659), Zheng Chenggong's navy attacked Chongming County (now Chengqiao Town) under the banner of "resisting Qing Dynasty and regaining sight", and was stubbornly repelled by the soldiers and civilians of Chongming County led by company commander Liang Huafeng.
In the first year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1662), with the change of river flow, most of Sansha collapsed, leaving only the remnants of Dongsansha and Xisansha. In the second year of Yongzheng (1724), Chongming County was placed under Taicang Prefecture. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, many small sandbars, such as Da 'ansha, Gaomingsha, Xiangsha, Rilongsha and Fuminsha, rose and collapsed from east to west and from south to north.
By the end of the Qing Dynasty, the shape of Chongming Island was mainly formed after Changsha was connected with Pingyang Sand. Changxing Island was formed in Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty (1851~1861year), which has been around 150 years. Hengsha island was formed in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty (1875 ~ 1908), with a history of 120 years.
19 1 1 year, the commander-in-chief of the Shanghai Army sent civilian troops out of Chongming Town and Taiwan Province, and established the Chongming County Government of the Republic of China, which was subordinate to Jiangsu Province. 19 14 years, Chongming County was under the jurisdiction of Shanghai Waterway. 1926 In September, Lu Tieqiang and Yu Fujian established the earliest party organization in Chongming County. 1927, Chongming County was assigned to Jiangsu Province. 1928, Waisha 10 township in Chongming County was designated as Qidong County in Jiangsu Province.
1933 Chongming county belongs to the seventh district of Jiangsu province. 1934, belonging to fourth area (Nantong), Jiangsu province. From 65438 to 0939, the office of Chongming Special Zone was subordinate to Shanghai Special City (Wang puppet regime). 1945 After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Chongming County was once again placed under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province. 1946, belonging to the third district of Jiangsu Province (Songjiang).
1949, which belongs to Nantong Commissioner's Office of Jiangsu Province. 1In February, 949, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Xiao as the county magistrate of Chongming Island, becoming the last county magistrate of the Republic of China on Chongming Island, with a term of four months.1In June, 949, he was defeated by Gui Yongqing's warship to Taiwan Province Province.
Chongming County was liberated on June 2nd, 1949, belonging to Nantong, Jiangsu Province. 1 958 65438+February1,transfer to Shanghai. During the period of 1950- 1980, the northern tidal flat of Chongming Island was reclaimed, and there were more than ten farms such as Dongfeng Farm, Changjiang Farm, Yuejin Farm and Outpost Farm. In the 1980 and1990s, Tuanjiesha and East Wang Sha were reclaimed to form the later Dongtan.
On May 18, 2005, Changxing Township and Hengsha Township, which originally belonged to Baoshan District of Shanghai, were included in Chongming County. In June 2009165438+1October 18, Changxing left its hometown to build a town. By the first half of 20 16, Chongming county was the only county in Shanghai 16. 2065438+In July 2006, Chongming was removed from the county and divided into districts. By the end of 20 17, there were 16 towns and 2 townships in Chongming District, and Chengqiao Town, where the district government is located, is the political, economic and cultural center of the whole district.
Baidu encyclopedia-Chongming district
Chongming District People's Government-Overview of Chongming
Chongming District People's Government-Overview of Chongming (establishment and evolution)