Du (1888- 195 1), formerly known as Yong, later renamed as Yong. 1888 was born on August 22nd (July 15th, 14th year of Guangxu reign) in a small business family in Gao Qiao Town, Shanghai County. Du Yuesheng lost his mother when he was two years old, and his father Du Wenqing died when he was four. At the age of 8, his stepmother Zhang mysteriously disappeared, and young Du had to rely on relatives for a living. Because no one cares, he hangs out with the hooligans in the town in teahouses and casinos, and soon squanders the meager property left by his parents and is spurned by relatives and friends. /kloc-at the age of 0/4, Du came to Shanghai alone. When I was an apprentice in a fruit shop, I was fired for stealing and gambling. Later, I worshipped the brothel pimp as a "dopted mother" and the rogue with the word "child" in green gang as an old man. Relying on the influence of gangs, he cooperated with gangs to clean up hooligans and did some extortion, smuggling and drug trafficking activities at the ship dock. At the same time, due to his long-term experience in the underworld in Shanghai, he was hired as a scout in the French Concession.

19 18, Du Jing, a 30-year-old brother of the same generation, introduced that Huang Jia, who was then the head of the Shanghai gangster and then the inspector general of the French Concession Police Force, did odd jobs. With his flexible mind and versatility, Du quickly won the appreciation of Huang's wife. At that time, the commander-in-chief of the Shanghai-Shanghai Insurance Company privately raised funds to set up a company to transport and sell opium. Du thought that this company was sure to make money with the background of warlords, so he encouraged Huang to become a shareholder and earned 2 million yuan for Huang in two years. So Huang noticed Du's "talent" and rewarded him with 50,000 yuan. After that, Huang was recommended to sell opium in the French Concession to collect money.

At that time, the malodorous smuggling in Shanghai was controlled by the "big stereotyped writing" headed by Shen Xingshan, an agent of the British Concession. They began to rob the tobacco soil and gradually reached an agreement with local businessmen, who paid a huge "protection fee" and Daba shares were responsible for the transportation safety of the tobacco soil. Du wanted to compete with stereotyped writing of big parties for the benefit of foul smoke, but he found eight people, including Gu, Ye Zhuoshan, Gao Xinbao, Rui, Yang, Huang Jiafeng, Yao Zhisheng and Hou Quangen, to organize stereotyped writing of small parties and establish rogue armed forces. This kind of small stereotyped writing, everyone is ruthless and has high martial arts. In the competition with the big stereotyped writing, they either grab it explicitly or implicitly. By the beginning of 19 19, the "small stereotyped writing" finally replaced the "big stereotyped writing" and occupied the leading position in the tobacco industry in Shanghai, making Du famous.

1925, Du, Huang, etc. Join hands with Chaozhou to help tobacco merchants and set up Sanxin Company to specialize in opium. The company sent bodyguards to ensure the distribution of tobacco in the concession area. The insurance premium is 10% of the opium value, and each box of opium can be charged several hundred yuan. If the tobacco soil is stolen, the company will come forward to recover or compensate. At that time, because Huang was an inspector of the French Concession, it was not appropriate to run the company publicly, so Du served as the general manager of the company, and Fan Huichun, his brothers and Du served as deputy general managers. Later, Yu He, the head of the gendarmerie, saw that the company was profitable and also became shareholders. The total capital of the company is about 2.7 million yuan.

Once, Huang was jealous of the son of the Governor of Zhejiang Province who was watching a play in the theater, so he offended the son and was beaten up by the defenders of the two battles in Shanghai. Later, he was kidnapped to the detention center of Longhua Military Security Bureau. Du He, another character in the Big Three, tried to rescue him. Du asked the local merchants in the French Concession for huge sums of money, pleaded with He He and Lu, and then Du went to Zhang Jinghu, an old man who asked Qing to help the "big" generation, to finally calm Lu's anger and let Huang out. Huang thanked Du He for saving his life, but they became brothers. As a result, Huang, Du and the three Shanghai hooligans joined hands to become the most influential force of the Shanghai underworld at that time. Du also began to be independent.

1in July, 926, the National Revolutionary Army officially swore the Northern Expedition. On March 2 1, 1927, the China * * * production party launched the third armed uprising of workers, and immediately took control of Shanghai. Chiang Kai-shek sent yang hu and Chen Qun to contact Huang, Du, and tried to launch a counter-revolutionary coup with the help of Shanghai hooligans and suppress the Shanghai workers' movement. Du and Huang actively recruited soldiers, recruited henchmen, organized "China * * * Conference" and acted as pawns against Chiang Kai-shek. On the eve of the April 12th coup, Du personally came forward to trap and kill the head of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions. On April 12, Du personally supervised the war and organized hooligans to attack the workers' pickets from the south and the north. In addition, Du also informed Chiang Kai-shek in advance of the information obtained, which made the workers' March suppressed by Chiang Kai-shek's army near Sandri on Baoshan Road, resulting in the appalling Baoshan Road tragedy. Du also sent his disciple Rui to lead the "Action Brigade", and captured more than * * producers and progressives 1000 on April 4, 2004. In late April, he personally led Du's "Action Brigade" to Ningbo to help Chiang "clean up the Party". Through the April 12th coup, Du Pan attached himself to the upstart of Chiang Kai-shek clique, which became a springboard for his future political success. In recognition of Du and others' contributions to the "Battle of Qing Dynasty", Chiang Kai-shek appointed Du, Huang and Huang as "Major General of the Central Military Commission" of the National Government, and summoned Du and others respectively. Since then, Du has established a special relationship with Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang Kai-shek has something inconvenient to come forward, and Du has to come forward.

In order to consolidate its position in Shanghai and expand its influence in the whole country, politicians of the Kuomintang party and state, such as,, and, tried their best to curry favor with them. He got along well with the upper echelons of the Kuomintang, especially the officials of important departments in Shanghai. In addition, Du paid special attention to please foreign dignitaries in the French Concession. 1In July, 927, Du was appointed as the temporary consultant of the Ministry of Industry in the French Concession.1In July, 929, he was elected as a member of the Ministry of Industry and held the highest position that China people could hold in the French Concession. His influence and position in Shanghai and even the whole country have rapidly improved, and he has become a veritable "Shanghai tycoon" 193 1 June, 2008, the inauguration ceremony of Du Temple was held in Du. Chiang Kai-shek sent a plaque and a congratulatory message, and sent representatives to salute.

Yu Youren, Zhang Xueliang, and other Kuomintang politicians, as well as foreign celebrities such as Wu, Duan, Cao Kun, sent plaques. Hehe was also present to pay tribute to Du's ancestral tablet.

Although Du is thriving in Shanghai, he knows that dignitaries only use him to associate with him, but in fact he is not regarded as a member of the upper class. Therefore, Du tried to open up a "legitimate" economic source and change his social status. At Qian Xin's suggestion, he founded Zhonghui Bank on 1929, and on this basis, he successively served as the director of China Bank, Bank of Communications and Shanghai Banking Association by means of netting financial circles, relying on bureaucratic capital and using rogue forces. At the same time, he also set foot in flour, shipping, cotton yarn and other industries in the same way, and won the titles of Chairman of Shanghai Flour Exchange, Chairman of Dada Shipping Company and Chairman of Shanghai Gauze Exchange. Finally, Du beat the powerful Wang He and Luo Qinghua in the Chamber of Commerce, which made the then president of the Chamber of Commerce feel powerless and gradually quit. After Du Zai's activities, Wang was elected as the president of the Shanghai Chamber of Commerce. On the other hand, Du is a behind-the-scenes figure, and his influence is hot in the financial and industrial circles in Shanghai.

After the September 18th Incident, Du Fu, who was associated with the interests of the national bourgeoisie, was also involved in the flood of anti-Japanese. He participated in the launching of the "Shanghai Anti-Japanese National Salvation Association" and served as a permanent member. He also did some work to boycott and ban Japanese goods. 1932 after the outbreak of the 28 th incident, the Japanese army tried to slow down its troops by tricking the national government into negotiating with it. Du Yuesheng is conducting diplomatic negotiations. However, under the impetus of the anti-Japanese upsurge of the people of the whole country and the 19th Route Army, Du participated in the "Shanghai Local Maintenance Association" and "Shanghai Local Association" engaged in the consolation and relief work related to the anti-Japanese war. During the Sino-Japanese War in Songhu, he and Huang Yanpei represented all walks of life in Shanghai to comfort the 19th Route Army.

Through these activities, Du further expanded his influence. People from all walks of life, including intellectuals, financial and industrial circles, cultural and artistic circles, and even some Kuomintang officials, made friends with him and took refuge in him. With the improvement of his influence and status, Du can no longer appear as a white man, but tries to appear as a businessman, philanthropist and politician. So, on June 22nd, 1933, 165438, he organized and established a community organization "Heng She" to serve him. Heng, taking its meaning from the allusion of "the sky is strong, the gentleman is constantly striving for self-improvement, and the sun and the moon are like a shuttle", and the word "moon" is implied in Du's name. Hengshe has absorbed a large number of financial, industrial and commercial tycoons, government officials and military police. Du served as honorary chairman of Hengshe. In fact, all major issues were decided by Du and his closest disciples. Anyone who joins Hengshe should hand over the shift to Du and hold a grand ceremony to learn from the teacher. Du Yuesheng therefore recruited a large number of available figures, and his wings became fuller. 1934165438+10. In October, Changshi, the local general association of Shanghai, was assassinated by Kuomintang agents. Du took the opportunity to seize the position of president and became the vice president of China Red Cross Society. 1April, 935, became the chairman of China Commercial Bank.

On the occasion of the December 9th Movement, Du assisted the mayor of Shanghai to disrupt the demonstrations of patriotic students and prevented them from petitioning the National Government in Nanjing. 1936165438+1In late October, Du and the Kuomintang authorities jointly planned to arrest the "seven gentlemen" who advocated anti-Japanese salvation. Later, it was induced many times to force the "seven gentlemen" to surrender politically. 1936 16 When the An incident occurred in February, he called his former friend Zhang Xueliang and put pressure on him to announce that he was willing to return to Nanjing to be a hostage to Chiang Kai-shek. After the peaceful settlement of the incident, Du made a special trip to Nanjing to see Chiang Kai-shek and express his condolences to him.

Due to his prominent position in the financial and industrial circles in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, Du Fu became the target pursued by the Japanese.

At the beginning of 1937, Osami Nagano, Minister of Military Order of Japanese Navy, came to Shanghai to meet Du on his way back from Europe and offered attractive economic conditions to seduce him. Based on the national standpoint and considering the comprehensive factors such as his interest relationship with Chiang Kai-shek clique, Du refused this request. After the Lugouqiao Incident broke out, China entered a full-scale war of resistance. 1On July 22, 937, the Shanghai Party Department of the Kuomintang came forward, and Du participated in the organization and establishment of the Shanghai Anti-Enemy Support Association from all walks of life, and served as a member of the presidium and chairman of the fundraising Committee. With the efforts of him and others, * * * raised 1.5 million yuan to save the country, and subscribed for 75 million yuan of national salvation bonds, accounting for almost 1/6 of the total circulation. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War on August 13th, whenever Kuomintang troops arrived in Shanghai, Du always brought a large number of gifts donated by the people of Shanghai to comfort the troops. At the same time, he also took advantage of this opportunity to try his best to establish relations with senior Kuomintang generals. I once bought an armored vehicle for Zhang Fakui, commander-in-chief of the right-wing army in Songhu battlefield, at a personal contribution of more than RMB 1000 in the name of Laojun, and their friendship deepened. During this period, Du also expressed a cooperative attitude towards the producers of * * *. 1937 10 At the request of Pan Hannian, the representative of the Eighth Route Army in Shanghai, the Anti-Enemy Rescue Association he led presented 1000 sets of gas masks to the Eighth Route Army soldiers at the front line in northern Shaanxi.

During the period of 1937+00, Du and Dai Li conspired to set up the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Action Committee of the Military Commission with its director as the director, and set up the Songhu Ranger Corps Command, under which the Ranger Corps was established, with 10,000 participants. The commanders of the first, second and third detachments in the five detachments are all Du's proteges, and the third detachment took part in the battle with the Japanese army in Qingpu. 1938, this "ranger" was adapted by Dai Li as "Loyalty and Salvation Army".

1937165438+10, Shanghai fell. Considering Du's prominent position and influence in Shanghai, the Japanese invasion of China has been wooed by many parties. Faced with threats and inducements from Japan, Du was able to stick to his national position, assess the situation, and leave Shanghai alone to take refuge in Hong Kong. At the beginning of February, 65438+, he made a special trip to Wuhan to pay a visit to Chiang Kai-shek, and was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as the standing Committee member of the Central Relief Committee, in charge of the affairs of the Ninth Relief Area. After receiving the order, Du returned to Hong Kong and set up a relief committee, District 9 Relief Office, as the director. At the same time, the sign of China Red Cross Office was put up in Hong Kong, which was used as a cover to mobilize, organize and arrange some people with certain social influence to move to Hong Kong, and was responsible for communicating the links between the National Government and the occupied areas such as Shanghai. In addition, he also established the "Hong Kong Record Company" in partnership with Dai Li, which was responsible for transporting and selling opium-producing soil plundered by the National Government in Sichuan, Kang and Yunnan under the name of banning smoking. 1in the summer of 939, Wu Kaixian, a member of CC Department, was ordered to go to Shanghai to rectify the underground organization of the Kuomintang and set up the "Shanghai Party and Government Unification Committee" as the secretary-general, while Du Ze was appointed as the chairman of the Committee by Chiang Kai-shek because of his special influence in Shanghai's financial industry and commerce, party and government, spy system and mafia forces. Du was in Hong Kong, commanding disciples who stayed in Shanghai and forcing others to leave Shanghai for Chongqing. At the same time, he also prevented Huang from holding a fake post publicly and asked him to assist Wu Kaixian in his activities in Shanghai.

At the end of 1939, Du Chenggong rebelled against Gao Zongwu and Chiang Kai-shek of Wang Ching-wei Group and specially allocated 200,000 yuan to Du as a reward. In addition, Du also actively supported the anti-rape activities of the Military Bureau in Shanghai. 1940 10, Du's henchmen successfully instigated Zhu Shengyuan to assassinate the then pseudo-Shanghai mayor. Previously, Huang and Du, who were also known as the "Big Three" in Shanghai, were assassinated by Du's apprentice for openly defecting to the enemy. Although Du kept it a secret, he must have acquiesced in it in advance.

194 1 winter, Hong Kong fell and Du moved to Chongqing. He rebuilt Hengshe Corporation in Chongqing and set up branches in important cities in southwest China. 1942 In March, "China Industrial Trust Company" was established in Chongqing, and served as the chairman. The materials snapped up in Central China were transported and distributed internally. At the same time, he also moved China Commercial Bank to Chongqing as the general manager. In the autumn of the same year, he went to Neijiang, Chengdu, Baoji, Xi 'an, Luoyang and other places to set up branches of Shang Tong Bank, with branches of Hengshe. 1943, Du negotiated with Dai Li, and was approved by Chiang Kai-shek to set up Tongji Company, which was accused of taking the opportunity to make a fortune by exchanging strategic materials from Kuomintang-controlled areas for cotton yarn from occupied areas, and at the same time, this behavior greatly eased the shortage of strategic materials of Japanese invaders. 1August, 945, at the beginning of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Du also tried his best to "carefully plan" the major issues before the Kuomintang military and political forces arrived in Shanghai, and actively assisted Chiang Kai-shek in winning the fruits of victory. In September, Du returned to Shanghai.

After returning to Shanghai, Du began to rectify the "Hengshe" at 5438+00 on June. After the reorganization, the number of "Hengshe" branches in more than 20 cities across the country has also greatly increased, with members ranging from central ministers and directors to chairmen, newspaper presidents, lawyers and spies all over the country. During this period, Du Fu was ambitious and his influence further expanded, and he won about 70 titles.

In addition to the "National Congress" representative, Shanghai senator and other public offices, his titles cover all walks of life such as culture and education, financial industry, transportation and electric power. 1March 946 17, Dai Li was killed in Jiangyin, and Du lost a strong supporter and collaborator in inviting Chiang Kai-shek. In April, the Shanghai Senate election. On the eve of the election, Du mobilized his followers, bribed them everywhere, threatened and lured them, and was elected as the Speaker. But at this moment, Du's confidant Wan was arrested by Shanghai Police Commander Xuan for hoarding. Under the pressure of Chiang Kai-shek, Du had no choice but to give up the post of Speaker. These two events made Du complain that "there was no justice when Shanghai was occupied, and there was no justice after the victory".

In June 5438+10, Du colluded with the head of the military system, reorganized the so-called People's Action Committee into the China New Social Undertaking Construction Association, served as the executive director, actively directed the gang organizations, cooperated with Kuomintang agents, and cracked down on the * * * production party and progressive forces.

1in the summer of 948, Jiang Jingguo went to Shanghai to "hunt tigers" and carry out currency reform. In early September, Du Weiping, Du's third son, was arrested on the charge of "profiteering". In addition, there will be thousands of lectures. Du felt sadly that "it is time for them (Chiang Kai-shek Group) to ask me to step down". Later, Du ordered his men to collect evidence everywhere to prove that the eldest son's Yangzi company was also engaged in the same business, forcing him to submit. Jiang Jingguo had no choice but to sentence Du Weiping to six months' imprisonment, and things ended hastily.

With the rapid development of the revolutionary situation, Du was soon faced with the choice of where to go. Before that, though, he also had contact with Li and other Democrats, and held talks on whether to stay or not. However, because he had the ideological burden of cheating and killing Wang Shouhua in the April 12th coup, and slaughtering the bloody case of * * * producers, he also knew that Chiang Kai-shek would never allow him to stay in Shanghai to "defect", so he decided not to stay in Shanghai or go to Taiwan Province with Chiang Kai-shek. 1 949 May1day, Du left the mainland and fled to Hong Kong on the eve of the People's Liberation Army's siege of Shanghai.

After Du took refuge in Hong Kong, he was deeply worried about the tiger's death and the increasingly tight financial resources, and repeatedly expressed the feeling that "life in Hong Kong is not easy". The past days of bossing around and having decent scenery have become the past. Pessimistic worries about the future forced him to turn to divination to keep his psychological balance. However, Du, who was always tough and shrewd, finally passed away on August 63 195 16.