Overview: Ghana covers an area of more than 239,000 square kilometers. It is located in the west of Africa, on the north bank of the Gulf of Guinea, bordering C? te d 'Ivoire in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, Togo in the east and the map ocean of Great West Ghana in the south, with a coastline of about 562 kilometers. The terrain is long from north to south and narrow from east to west. Most of the territory is plain, with Akwa Pim Mountains in the east, Kwahu Plateau in the south and Gambaga Cliff in the north. Mount Jebopo, the highest peak, is 876 meters above sea level. The largest river is volta river, with a length of 1 100 km. Akosombo Dam was built downstream, forming a huge Walter Reservoir with an area of 8,482 square kilometers. The coastal plain and the southwest Asanggao originally belonged to the tropical rain forest climate, while the Volta Valley and the northern plateau belonged to the tropical grassland climate. The kingdom of ancient Ghana was founded in the 3rd-4th century and reached its peak in the10-1century. /kloc-In the 3rd century, the kingdom of Ghana was invaded by the emerging kingdom of Mali, and the residents gradually moved south and settled in the present Ghana. From the15th century, Ghana became a colony and became the "fat meat" that European powers constantly competed for. 147 1 year, Portuguese colonists invaded the coast of Ghana, followed by Dutch, British and French colonists. They not only plundered the gold here, but also the ivory, and used it as a stronghold for selling black slaves. 1897, the whole territory became a British colony, known as the "Gold Coast". 1947 Ghana's first political organization, the Gold Coast United Congress Party, was established and demanded autonomy. 1June, 946, Kwame nkrumah led the establishment of the People's Congress Party and persisted in fighting for the nation. 1On March 6, 957, the Gold Coast declared its independence and changed its name to Ghana. 1 July, 960,1announced the establishment of Ghana * * * and stayed in the Commonwealth, and nkrumah became president. After several coups. 198 1 year1February 3 1 Captain Rollins Air Force staged another coup and set up a temporary national defense committee, with Rollins as the chairman. 199 1 year, the military regime began the process of "returning government to the people". 1hold presidential and parliamentary elections at the end of 1992. 199365438+1October 7th, the fourth Republic was founded, and it changed from military and political to constitutional government. Nano-mineral resources are abundant. The main mineral resources are: gold, diamonds, bauxite, manganese and so on. In addition, there are limestone, iron ore, andalusite, quartz sand and kaolin. Agriculture is the economic base of Ghana, and more than 65% of the country's labor force is engaged in agriculture. Cocoa's economic status in Ghana is more important than gold, and it is called "green gold". Because it is rich in cocoa, it has won the reputation of "the hometown of cocoa" and occupied the first place in the list of foreign exchange earned by export for many years. Cocoa production once ranked first in the world, and two-thirds of the world's cocoa can be produced in Ghana. Therefore, Ghana has formed an economic structure with mineral products, cocoa and wood as its three pillars.
National economy: agriculture is the mainstay. Gold, cocoa and wood, three traditional export products, are the pillars of Canadian economy. Since 1983 implemented the economic restructuring plan, the government has made eliminating inflation, developing agriculture and encouraging investment as three major priorities, and the economy has maintained sustained growth. Known as the "model" of economic restructuring in African countries, 1994 was disqualified as the least developed country by the United Nations. At the end of 1990s, influenced by external factors such as falling prices of gold and cocoa in the international market, Canada's economy was in deep trouble, its fiscal deficit increased sharply, and its currency depreciated sharply.
After the Kufuor regime came to power, it focused on stabilizing and developing the economy, strengthened macro-control, formulated a provisional budget, comprehensively implemented a free and open economic policy, and promoted the development of private enterprises and economic growth. Join the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Debt Relief Initiative (HIPC), strive for debt relief from the West, and ease the pressure of debt repayment. The prices of gold and cocoa in the international market are gradually rising, Canada's economic situation is improving, its currency is stable, and its inflation rate is falling, which is in the stage of recovery growth.
Gross domestic product (2001): 5 billion US dollars.
Per capita GDP (20065438+0): about $266.
Annual growth rate of GDP (200 1 year): 4.2%
Currency name: cedi (Cedi)
Exchange rate (June 5438+1October 2002): USD 65438 +0 =7 125.
Inflation rate (200 1): 2 1.3%