At the same time, there are many titles such as physicist, mathematician, educator and university president.
But what few people know is that he was a serious underage student.
In the college entrance examination, he only got 5 points in physics, 0 points in English and 20 points in mathematics and chemistry.
With amazing talent in literature and history, he was admitted to Tsinghua University.
But he decided to give up literature and reason and decided to become a physicist.
When people around him advised him to give up, he said categorically that learning science well could revitalize the motherland.
In addition, most of his legendary life is inseparable from patriotism.
19 12. Qian Weichang was born in a poor scholarly family in Jiangsu.
Father Qian Zhi is a rural teacher; Fourth Uncle Qian Mu is a master of Chinese studies.
Influenced by his family, he knew China classics such as Chunqiu and Zuozhuan by heart from an early age.
When I officially went to school, I caught up with the long-term warlord scuffle.
He is often forced to drop out of school at home, and the combined time of primary school and junior high school is less than five years.
/kloc-when he was 0/6 years old, his father died unfortunately.
In grief, he followed his fourth uncle Qian Mu to a high school in Suzhou.
At that time, he didn't know the four operations of mathematics, and he didn't learn English. Science was a mess.
After three years in high school, he tried his best to make up for the knowledge he had lost for more than ten years, but he was unable to do it after all.
In order to increase the chances of reading, he applied to five universities in one breath during the college entrance examination:
Tsinghua University, Jiaotong University, Wuhan University, Zhejiang University, Central University.
Unexpectedly, he was miraculously admitted to these five universities at the same time.
But at that time, he only got 5 points in physics, 20 points in mathematics and chemistry, and even 0 points in English.
By rights, he should have no chance to go to college. How can he be admitted?
It turns out that this serious minor has shown amazing talent in literature and history.
For example, when taking the Tsinghua exam, the Chinese topic was to write an article about sleepwalking on campus in Tsinghua.
He wrote a beautiful 450-word fu, which was magnificent and got full marks.
History is "twenty-four histories". You have to answer the name, author, number of volumes, etc.
When most students knew nothing, they got zero, and he got all the questions correctly and got full marks!
In this way, he embarked on the road of literature and history, and was admitted to Tsinghua University.
But he was only 1.49 meters tall, which broke the minimum height standard for boys in Tsinghua at that time and became the shortest student in the class.
The day after Qian Weichang decided to choose the history department, that is, September 193 1, 18.
The Japanese launched the September 18th Incident, which shocked China and foreign countries, and invaded the three northeastern provinces of China.
Qian Weichang got angry at once when he heard the news, and the fact that he was destined to be beaten in the back also deeply hurt his heart.
At that moment, he resolutely decided to abandon literature and reason and build aircraft cannons for the motherland in the future.
But when he told the people around him this idea, he was thrown a pot of cold water.
How can a person who scored only 5 points in the joint exam learn physics well?
Sure enough, Wu, then head of the physics department, decisively rejected him.
But Qian Weichang's belief in studying physics to serve the motherland is quite firm, and no one will listen to her advice.
In order to change his major, he goes to Wu's office every day to show his determination to overcome everything.
Finally, Wu was moved by his sincerity and was willing to let him stay in the physics department for one year.
However, at the end of the term, he is required to score above 70 in all subjects. If he fails, he will go back to study history.
Qian Weichang clap breast agreed to this condition, but for him at that time, it is actually more difficult than ascend to heaven.
In order to reach the standard, he only slept five hours a day this year and studied hard the rest of the time.
At that time, he was the second most diligent student in Tsinghua, while Hua ranked first.
God helps others, and all the final grades are up to standard, and they stay in the physics department smoothly.
But he is short and can't help being laughed at by other students every day.
In order to relieve his inner pain, he goes long-distance running every morning.
By chance, he joined the Tsinghua University cross-country team and the football team.
In my sophomore year, I won the third place in the National University Games 100 meter hurdles.
After that, he was selected into the national team with superb skills and went on an expedition to the Philippines to participate in the Far East Games.
At that time, his height also increased from 1.49 meters to 1.66 meters, creating a miracle of growth.
And academically, after four years of hard work, Qian Weichang turned out to be the best student in physics in the class.
In addition, he also took courses such as mechanics of materials, engineering thermodynamics, modern mathematics and chemical analysis.
After studying physical education, he also found the love of his life, Kong Xiang Ying, on the campus of Tsinghua.
On August 10, 1939, Qian Weichang and Kong held a simple wedding on campus, with Wu as the witness.
Generally speaking, however, marriage between two people means saying goodbye to being single, but their married life is just the opposite.
Before they got married, they lived on campus day and night, but after they got married, they lived far apart.
It turns out that in order to learn advanced knowledge, Qian Weichang was admitted to the Sino-British Geng Club as a public student.
Soon, he went to study at the University of Toronto in Canada.
I studied mechanics when I was studying abroad, and studied elastic plate and shell theory with my tutor Xin Ji.
It took him and his tutor only 50 days to complete the paper "Intrinsic Theory of Elastic Plates and Shells", which was published in the anthology commemorating von Carmen's 60th birthday.
You know, the authors of the articles included in this collection at that time were Einstein, von Neumann, Timoshenko, Krone and so on. Qian Weichang, who is only 29 years old, is the only student in China.
It is said that Einstein sighed after reading the paper: This young man from China has solved the problem that has troubled him for many years.
This has greatly enhanced the popularity of international students in China. After a year of hard work, Qian Weichang also successfully obtained a doctorate.
1942 studied under von Carmen, the father of missiles in the world, and engaged in postdoctoral research.
He is also another China disciple of Carmen after Qian Xuesen and Guo Yonghuai.
At that time, he was a research engineer at the Jet Propulsion Institute of California Institute of Technology.
During this period, together with von Carmen, he published the world's first theory about singular perturbation.
This article is also internationally recognized as the most classic elastic mechanics paper in this field.
Later, he participated in the planning and development of artificial satellites.
Von Carmen was impressed by his excellent work performance. Qian Weichang's scientific research is also flourishing.
But after the Anti-Japanese War, he resolutely decided to live a comfortable life and return to the motherland.
He did this in order to prosper the motherland, just as he abandoned literature and reason.
He repeatedly asked to return to China, but was stopped by his mentor and colleagues around him.
In desperation, he had to pour out his thoughts about his family over and over again, and finally got his consent.
1May, 946, returned to Tsinghua University as a professor of mechanical engineering.
In order to realize his great ambition of serving the country scientifically, he attended 17 classes a week (at that time, professors usually only attended 6 classes a week).
At the same time, he also "contracted" the basic courses of applied mechanics and material mechanics in Peking University and yenching university Institute of Technology.
It was under such difficult conditions that he entered the harvest period of academic research.
He founded the first major in mechanics in China University and published the first monograph on elastic mechanics in China.
From 65438 to 0954, Qian Weichang and his students co-authored the scientific monograph "Large Deflection of Elastic Circular Thin Plate".
For the first time in the world, the system perturbation method is successfully used to deal with nonlinear equations. Qian Weichang method is considered by mechanics as the most practical and simple solution.
1956 1, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences was established, with Qian Weichang as deputy director.
Thanks to the unremitting efforts of him and his colleagues, the success of China's "two bombs and one satellite" was accelerated.
1956 1 Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences was established, with Qian Weichang (middle) as deputy director.
Unfortunately, the good times didn't last long, and he fell into a trough for more than 20 years for special reasons.
But even under difficult conditions, he never gave up his scientific research work.
During this period, he consulted and solved hundreds of technical problems, and deduced the summation formula of more than 12000 trigonometric series.
It is worth mentioning that at the age of 56, he was assigned to Beijing to become a foreman.
Although he can't shine in the academic field he loves, he still regards being a worker as the cause of serving the motherland.
The only thing that annoys him is that the main tool for forehearth work-steel brazing weighs 52 kg.
Qian Weichang, which has entered the age of no doubt, really can't lift such steel to operate.
However, Qian Weichang did not feel sorry for himself, but made a breakthrough with his professional knowledge.
He made a scaffold with the mechanics principle he was good at.
Through leverage, he put one end of the steel drill on the bracket, poked the stove with the other end, and then he could start working.
This can not only save energy, but also improve his efficiency. Soon, other workers were also equipped with "money support", which greatly reduced their workload.
After the invention of "Qian's bracket" was recognized, he devoted himself to the equipment transformation of the factory.
He designed an 800-ton hydraulic press for steel mills; Designed a 2000 square heat treatment workshop; Take the steel mill as a classroom and explain the operation technology to the workers with mechanical principles.
There, Qian Weichang not only mingled with the workers, but also applied what he had learned all his life to real life.
It was not until 1972 that he ushered in a new turning point in his life and was able to resume his scientific research work.
In the following 10 years of research career, he crossed countless majors.
The content covers ring shell theory, generalized variational principle, finite element, Chinese information processing, tubesheet, fracture mechanics, stiffened shell, armor-piercing mechanics and so on.
This has made immortal contributions to China's machinery industry, civil architecture, aerospace and military industry.
Therefore, he is called the "universal scientist".
Although time waits for no one, Qian Weichang has always maintained a positive attitude of learning new things.
He studied Russian at the age of 44, studied battery knowledge at the age of 58, and set foot in the computer field at the age of 64.
1982, aged 70, became the president of Shanghai University of Technology, and was later appointed as the president of Shanghai University.
1984, he put forward the macro code (commonly known as money code) input method, which made great contributions to the development of computer Chinese input.
Of course, he studied and worked so hard just to build his motherland with a little sweat.
20 10 on July 30th, Qian Weichang died in Shanghai at the age of 98. But his spirit still inspires the world.
Throughout his legendary life, he has been practicing what he said: "The needs of the motherland are my major."