Pei Xiu (April 3, 224-27 1) was named Ji Yan. Born in wenxi county, Hedong County (now wenxi county). A famous minister and cartographer in Wei and Jin Dynasties, the grandson of Pei Mao, a great official in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the son of Pei Qian, a doctor of Cao Wei Guanglu. Pei Xiu was born in a famous family, Hedong Pei, and was quite famous as a teenager. After that, he was turned into a vassal by General Cao Shuang, attacked Jue Qingyang Pavilion and moved to Huangmen Assistant Minister.

After the change of Gao Pingling, he was dismissed as an old official in Cao Shuang. Since then, he has served as Ting, General Anton, and General Wei Sima, and participated in planning the military and political affairs and suppressing the rebellion in Zhuge Dan. Because of his job transfer to Shangshu, he was appointed as the Hou of Luyang Township. After the Wei Yuan Emperor succeeded to the throne, he became a marquis of Jueluyang County and served as a servant of Shangshu. In the first year of Xianxi (264), he was appointed to be responsible for modifying the official system and proposed to restore the five-grade title system.

After the five-level system was restored, it was named Ji Chuanhou. He suggested that he should be a prince, be promoted, and let Pei Xiu be an official minister and doctor, You Guanglu. After the establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty, Dr. Zuo Guanglu was added and Julu Gong was appointed. In the third year of Taishi (267), it was promoted to commonplace. In the seventh year of Taishi (27 1), Pei Xiu died after taking cold food powder and drinking cold wine. At the age of 48, posthumous title became Yuan. The anthology consists of three volumes.

Pei Xiuzuo's Map of Gong Yu initiated the ancient cartography in China. Needham called him "the father of scientific cartography in China", and Ptolemy, a famous cartographer in ancient Greece. He is two brilliant stars in the history of ancient cartography in the world.

Extended data:

Major achievements

Pei Xiu's main contribution to cartography is that he first established the theory of drawing ancient maps of China. He summed up the experience of ancient map drawing in China, and put forward the famous epoch-making cartographic theory "Six Cartographic Styles" in the preface of Gong Yu Regional Map. "Drawing six bodies" is the six principles that must be observed in drawing maps:

That is, score (scale), quasi-sight (azimuth), tunnel (distance), competition (terrain fluctuation), evil (inclination) and winding path (straightness of river course and road). The first three items are about scale, orientation and distance, which are the most important and common drawing principles. The last three items are problems that must be considered because of terrain fluctuation.

These six principles are interrelated and mutually restricted, and have touched all the main problems of cartography. Pei Xiu's six-body cartography had a far-reaching influence on later cartography. It was not until the late Ming Dynasty that the western map projection method was introduced into China that China's cartography was innovated again.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Peixiu