If Cixi didn't listen to politics, it would bring disaster to the country and people, and the late Qing Dynasty might just linger for a few years, but it would eventually be doomed. Cixi is vicious, cunning and insidious. She poisoned the rival Eastern Empress Dowager, Emperor Guangxu and his concubines, the pillars of the country in the Reform Movement of 1898, the foundation of the development of the Qing Dynasty, the opportunity of reform and innovation, the social atmosphere and the Boxer Movement of foreigners, because her virulence accelerated the demise of the late Qing Dynasty.
Why is Cixi all poisoned?
First, Cixi is cunning and vicious. Before she stepped onto the political stage, she planned to kill Empress Ci 'an. First, she took over the harem, then she dealt with the loyal ministers of the first emperor. Finally, she successfully listened to politics and firmly controlled the decision-making power and life and death rights of the imperial court in her own hands, which led to increasingly dark and corrupt politics.
Cixi's autocratic power lies in that after the death of her husband Emperor Xianfeng, she wooed the royal family to deal with the three important ministers entrusted by the first emperor to orphans, Zai Yuan, Duan Hua and Su Shun, and deliberately framed them. Finally, she succeeded. What about the three people and theirs? Same party? Dismissed, exiled or executed, and repeatedly cleaned courtiers who were loyal to the first emperor and the emperor Tongzhi and dissatisfied with themselves.
Cixi is cunning and vicious. In order to gain power, she also adopted a horrible monitoring policy against her son, managed her son with harsh and strict family rules, and forced her fledgling son to become a puppet and be at his mercy.
After taking control of the state power, Cixi was not bound by the family laws and national laws of her ancestors. Sometimes, based on personal preferences and subjective assumptions, she arbitrarily executed her hated harem concubines or court ministers, and did not promote ministers based on military achievements and political achievements. In addition, she reused eunuchs such as Li and An Dehai to participate in politics behind the scenes, and reused imperial ministers who were close to her, which made the government politics more and more corrupt and darker.
Second, Cixi enjoyed dictatorship for many years, poisoned the people, exhausted the national treasury, made the people miserable and accelerated various social crises.
We know that in the late Qianlong period, the whole society declined? Periodic law? State affairs began to decline from prosperity.
After Cixi essentially abolished the rule of Tongzhi emperor and began to take over the power of the huge Qing Empire, the whole country and society embarked on the road of all-round decline and decline. Specifically, politically, the central collection was highly concentrated in the hands of Cixi, and the cabinet ministers and prime ministers left by the former emperors were like zombies, which had little effect, let alone restricting Cixi's exclusive imperial power. As a result, the official system was abandoned and the nobles and bureaucrats were completely corrupt.
Economically, land annexation was serious, land rent and usury were aggravated, opium, textiles and other goods from western powers were dumped in the Qing Empire, the budding capitalist system was stillborn, craftsmen went bankrupt one after another, various compensations from the Qing government and the opening of trading ports made the country and people poorer, and the lives of farmers, craftsmen and businessmen were miserable.
Militarily, military spending is insufficient all the year round, and Cixi constantly embezzles and misappropriates military spending, which leads to the decline of Lu Haijun's strength and outdated armaments; The Eight Banners Army and green camp, a Manchu aristocrat, were corrupt and slack, and had no fighting capacity.
In foreign relations, we continue to implement the policy of closing the country to the outside world, which is almost isolated from the world, and it has reached the point where a dead wood cannot be carved.
The crisis of the Qing Dynasty, like the previous feudal dynasties, showed signs of regime change in the late Qianlong period, but by the dictatorship of Cixi, various contradictions had made the Qing regime hopeless.
The era of strengthening the military through science and technology in the western world has arrived, and the Cixi regime is still clinging to decay and has to go to the road of self-destruction.
Thirdly, Cixi didn't have much ruling idea and courage except conspiring to monopolize the whole people. She was weak and grovelled, and signed a series of unequal treaties that humiliated the power and the country, which made the late Qing Dynasty suffer from domestic troubles and foreign invasion, and the fiscal revenue was poor, thus poisoning the whole state power and the development of the country and laying an untimely bomb for the collapse of the Qing Dynasty.
Cixi has been in power for more than 40 years and is completely an ATM of western powers. Watch the dog? ,
Every time she was invaded by powerful ships and artillery, she timidly chose to stop resisting, with a full face? Peace? For temporary peace. According to statistics, the extremely unequal treaties signed in the late Qing Dynasty, such as the Xin Chou Treaty, were all signed under her rule. China was defeated in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, and treaty of shimonoseki was signed with Japan. China's international status plummeted.
Western powers began to covet China.
/kloc-At the end of 0/9, the western powers set off an upsurge of carving up China.
With the deepening of the national crisis, China people's struggle against imperialism is increasingly high; At the same time, with the deepening of war reparations, the people were overwhelmed and eventually led to the Boxer Rebellion. The Qing government was at home and abroad, unable to resist, so the western powers were even more presumptuous. Huge reparations made China's social economy more depressed and people's lives poorer, which indirectly pushed the late Qing Dynasty to the brink of collapse.
During the struggle against foreign aggression from 1840 to 19 19, due to the corruption of the social system in the Qing dynasty, it later colluded with the western invaders and regarded the broad masses of China people as the main enemies, which eventually led to the failure of the people's anti-aggression war and the resistance of patriotic officers and men.
Fourth, Cixi's ruling poisoned the whole social atmosphere and national finance. She regards the national treasury as her own vault. She enjoys luxury, exhausts splendor and wealth, is ambitious and short-sighted, and is totally a bloodsucking parasite attached to ordinary people.
Cixi wants to build her own back garden? The Yuanmingyuan, which was built for decades, was magnificent and luxurious, which consumed almost all the state treasury, seriously restricted the ordnance manufacturing industry in the late Qing Dynasty, and eventually led to the defeat of Beiyang Navy in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895.
Empress dowager cixi pays attention to luxury and ostentation when eating. Every meal must have 100 dishes, and the royal chef has 50 chefs for her use only. Even the toilet is carved with sandalwood, and it is covered with chips of Daphne family. According to statistics, her daily living expenses will be 42,000 taels of silver, and her 60th birthday will be 40 million taels of silver, which is equivalent to the military expenditure of four beiyang fleet.
In the late Qing dynasty, the whole aristocracy was also arrogant and extravagant, with extreme luxury and poor social atmosphere. When the money was not enough, the imperial palace enjoyed by Cixi was spent on the national treasury and military expenses. The princes and ministers regarded the taxes, profits and donations of land, mines and factories as the sources of enjoyment, and squeezed and exploited the tenant farmers and employees indefinitely, which led to the poverty of the country and the poverty of the people, and planted the seeds of disaster for the peasant uprisings such as the Boxer Movement.
The amount of compensation in the Xin Chou Treaty is quite special. The powers demanded compensation of 450 million yuan. At that time, China had a population of 450 million, which meant that everyone in China had to pay them a "fine" of 1 2 silver. Towns that once opposed imperialism were also asked to stop scientific research for five years. The huge compensation has made China's social economy more depressed and people's lives more impoverished.
China was completely plunged into the abyss of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.
Fifth, Cixi continued the closed-door policy of the former dynasty, which made the late Qing Dynasty miss the best opportunity to learn advanced western culture and technology many times and poisoned the road to revival of the rise of the Qing Dynasty.
After Cixi came to power, the pursuit of pleasure was the greatest pursuit of life. She ignored the development of the country and the livelihood of the people. At the same time, western countries are vigorously promoting technological transformation and spare no effort to develop their economies and expand their troops to prepare for war. However, the Manchu regime led by Cixi sat in the well and watched the sky. Instead of actively reforming and opening up like the western powers, they are more closed to the outside world, and their strength is not even as good as that of the Qianlong Dynasty.
At the same time, Japan was impacted by western industrial civilization, and the Meiji government imitated the west and carried out a series of reforms, which made Japan quickly become the first power in Asia and among the world's military powers, laying a solid military and material foundation for the Sino-Japanese naval battle in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 and the subsequent war of aggression against China.
/kloc-Britain began to change in the second half of the 6th century, and the direct result of the change was the successful defeat of Spain's powerful armada. 1789 After the outbreak of the Great Revolution, France, like the Austro-Hungarian Empire, embarked on the road of colonial expansion through reform and opening up with strong economic and military strength.
1775 to 1783, the United States broke out in the war of independence and was founded. Relying on the advanced technology and rich resources of the west, it has also become a world power. Empress dowager cixi, who manipulated the late Qing regime for more than 40 years, had no virtue, no plan and no courage, and her thoughts were feudal and conservative. The closed-door policy led by her made China lag behind the western countries in economy, military affairs, culture, science and technology, and eventually led Britain, the United States, France, Germany, Russia, Japan, Italy, Austria and Hungary to bomb the Qing court with gunpowder invented by China in 1900.
With the deepening of the national crisis and the aggravation of war reparations, the people were overwhelmed and eventually the Boxer Rebellion broke out. The Qing government was at home and abroad, unable to resist. Although the Qing army suppressed the Boxer Rebellion, the Boxer Rebellion dealt a heavy blow to the regime in the late Qing Dynasty and made its ruling mansion fall apart. Later passed by Yuan Shikai? Forced palace? After the Revolution of 1911? Revolution? The late Qing Dynasty completely collapsed.