Under the action of external DC power supply, colloidal particles move directionally to cathode or anode in dispersion medium, which is called electrophoresis.
Generally speaking, colloidal particles such as metal hydroxide and metal oxide adsorb cations and are positively charged; Colloidal particles such as nonmetallic oxides and nonmetallic sulfides adsorb anions and are negatively charged.
Therefore, in the electrophoresis experiment, iron hydroxide colloidal particles move to the cathode, and arsenic trioxide colloidal particles move to the anode. Sols with different charges can be separated by electrophoresis.
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Electrophoresis has been widely used in analytical chemistry, biochemistry, clinical chemistry, toxicology, pharmacology, immunology, microbiology, food chemistry and other fields. In DC electric field, the phenomenon that charged particles move to electrodes with opposite signs is called electrophoresis.
1807, Ferdinand Frederic Rheus of Moscow University first discovered electrophoresis, but it was not until 1937 that Thyselius of Sweden established boundary electrophoresis for separating protein that electrophoresis technology began to be applied.
In 1960s and 1970s, electrophoresis technology developed rapidly after media such as filter paper and polyacrylamide gel were introduced into electrophoresis. The colorful electrophoresis forms make it widely used.
Baidu encyclopedia-electrophoresis