I. Historical Origins Skipping has been circulating in China for a long time. As far as literature is concerned, it can be traced back to the Northern Qi Dynasty (550-577 AD), that is, skipping rope. Li mentioned in the Book of the Northern Qi Dynasty that "at the beginning of the river and at the end of the Qing Dynasty, the game boy liked to hold the rope with both hands and wanted to climb the Buddhist land, jumping and singing". In addition, Duan also mentioned that in the Tang Dynasty, there was a sport of skipping rope, which was called "skipping rope" or "jumping white rope". Zheng mentioned in "A New Discovery in Sports History —— Textual Research on the Jumping Rope Diagram of Qidan Children" that the children's hair and clothes on the clothes mural found in Xuanhua, Hebei, China can be identified as the Qidan nationality in Liao country in 10 century. In the twenty-first year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1593), Shen Bang's Miscellaneous Notes on Ten Thousand Parts recorded that ""was a long rope, and the two sons embraced each other, making it difficult to stare. As if nothing happened, it was actually a rope. When the group moves, it jumps on the wheel to win. Otherwise, the rope is the law, and those who listen to the rope will be beaten by the rope and jump a hundred ropes every day. "。 It can be seen that skipping rope is also called "Hundred Ropes" and "Jumping Hundred Ropes" because the rope skipper swings the rope very fast, and onlookers seem to see hundreds of ropes swinging at the same time. It can be clearly found from the above related documents that skipping has been developed in China for more than 1,400 years. Second, the benefits of skipping rope skipping can enhance intelligence. When people jump rope, even the simplest primitive jumping method needs the cooperation of hands and feet to make the rope pass smoothly under their feet, and a slight mistake will lead to failure, especially double shake, triple shake and pattern jump. In a few tenths of a second, the rope must be passed from head to toe once or several times. This kind of instantaneous action with hands and feet to cooperate with the whole body must be completed under the command and coordination of the central nervous system of the brain. For the exercise of the central nervous system of the brain, skipping rope is more positive than simply running, jumping, falling and kicking. From the point of view of human meridians in traditional Chinese medicine, skipping rope has a * * * effect on the whole body meridians. The human body has 12 meridians, starting from 6 meridians of each hand and foot. When skipping rope, the end of the rope in hand rotates, and the acupuncture points on the hand are kept constantly, so that the qi and blood of the six meridians are unblocked and lost to the brain, thus enhancing the vitality of cells and improving thinking and imagination. When skipping rope, the jumping of the feet also promotes the blood circulation of the six meridians of the lower limbs, and can also achieve the effect of refreshing and strengthening the brain. Especially for developing children, skipping rope is undoubtedly one of the best means to increase intelligence. Some people who like skipping rope since childhood and have many years of experience in skipping rope think that skipping rope makes people feel happy and energetic, and they feel very comfortable after skipping rope. Moreover, in old age, he still has quick thinking, flexible hands and feet, quick response, and especially good heart function. It is no exaggeration to say that skipping rope is a sport that will benefit him for life. Third, the precautions for skipping rope should be controlled between half an hour and two hours at a time. Too few can't achieve the effect of fitness. Overtraining for more than two hours will also make the body extremely tired. 1) The captain should wear soft and light high heels to avoid ankle injury. 2) The rope is moderate in hardness and thickness. Beginners should generally use hard ropes, which can be changed into soft ropes after proficiency. 3) Choose lawn, wood floor and mud with moderate hardness. Never jump rope on the hard concrete floor, so as not to damage the joints and easily cause dizziness. 4) When skipping rope, relax muscles and joints, and coordinate toes and heels to prevent sprains. 5) Fat people and middle-aged women should use their feet to lift at the same time. At the same time, don't jump too high, so as not to damage the joints due to excessive load. 6) Before skipping rope, let your feet, legs, wrists and ankles do some preparatory activities, and after skipping rope, you can do some relaxation activities. Skipping posture ● Eyes looking forward, waist straight ● Elbow sinking: based on the angle between the arm and elbow of about 90 degrees ● Swing the rope with wrist strength ● When jumping, your feet are together, and your toes or forefoot jump rhythmically ● When landing, your knees are slightly bent to absorb the impact of jumping ● When jumping, your feet touch the ground and your ankles don't touch the ground most of the time. 5. Teach children to jump rope. Gastrointestinal peristalsis and metabolism are accelerated; The muscles in the main parts of the body have also been exercised, and the bones have grown rapidly. Physical strength is getting better and better, the body is getting better and better, and the mood is getting better and better. 2), left and right brain * * * progress: skipping rope requires regular and rhythmic cooperation of limbs, hands and feet, wrists and shoulders, which can promote the baby's left and right brain * * * progress and cultivate the baby's sense of balance, coordination, agility, rhythm, endurance and explosiveness. Hold the rope at the same time, and the rope will be divided into thumbs; The feet constantly collide with the ground and pass through the pituitary gland in the reflex area of the feet to enhance the vitality of brain cells and sublimate the thinking reaction ability and imagination. 3) Understand the concept of number: teach the baby to count while skipping rope, and establish the corresponding relationship between the counted number and the number of skipping rope, connect the abstract number with the actual thing, and transform the abstract memory into the image memory. It can help children understand the actual meaning of numbers, form the concept of numbers, and improve their memory. 4) Burn excess fat: If the baby is overweight, skipping rope can help him burn excess fat easily. Because, as far as the amount of exercise is concerned, 600~ 1000 calories can be burned in one hour every minute 120~ 140 times. Stick to it every day and you will soon see the effect. Moreover, skipping rope does not need much space and is convenient to operate. 2. How do children learn to jump rope for the first time? When children aged 3-5 start to practice skipping, parents need to guide their children to train step by step: (1) Let the children jump with the rhythm first, and guide them to jump up while clapping their hands. (2) After the child learns to jump rhythmically, he still doesn't take the rope, so let the child make a skipping gesture with his hands and imitate the skipping action according to the rhythm. (3) Then guide the child to hold the rope with both hands and imitate skipping. When the rope falls to the ground, guide the child to jump over the rope with both feet, which is exactly the same as skipping rope, but the action is discontinuous. (4) Practice the complete skipping action of holding the rope with both hands and coordinating the jumping with both feet. When children learn to skip rope, practice changing the pattern of skipping rope. This can not only improve the enthusiasm of sports, but also increase coordination. How to teach children to jump rope seems simple, but if it is really implemented, it is not an easy task. (1) Children who can't jump with ropes can jump rope and achieve the same effect. (2) Skipping speed: 1 min, 60 to 80 times. (3) The content of skipping rope: flexible mastery, one-legged jump, two-legged jump, double jump, rebound jump, variant jump, long rope multi-person jump, etc. (4) Skipping rope consumes a lot. Children jump rope for 3 to 5 minutes, then rest for 2 to 5 minutes. Repeat. Repeat for 3 ~ 5 cycles. (5) Skipping rope requirements: step by step, not tired. 4, thin and short children are suitable for slow-frequency skipping, thin and short children, usually have low appetite, small food intake, easy to get sick, and less exercise. Parents need to publicize to their children that exercise can make them eat more, get better, grow taller, get sick less, take less injections and take less medicine, and arouse their interest in sports. Exercise intensity should be less, such as slow skipping, hopscotch, table tennis, badminton, jogging and so on. Among them, slow frequency hopping is the simplest and most effective. The specific method is: (1) the skipping frequency is less than 1 minute 60 times. (2) After the child skips rope for 3 minutes, rest for 3 to 5 minutes, which is a cycle. According to the child's physical condition, gradually increase the number of cycles. (3) It is recommended to record the child's weight and height regularly, and if possible, record the breathing and heart rate. 5. Children who are hyperactive and excited are suitable for children who jump rope frequently, hyperactive, have poor inhibition, do things irregularly, have difficulty concentrating, have irregular stools, are unwilling to sleep at night, get up in the morning, and have irregular lives. Parents need to publicize the importance of the law of life to their children at ordinary times and insist on guiding their children to exercise at night. The intensity of sports can be greater, such as fast skipping, high jump, long jump, climbing stairs, climbing mountains, playing basketball and football. Fast frequency hopping is the simplest and most effective. The specific methods are: (1) frequency hopping requirements 1 min, 120 times or more. (2) After the child skips rope for 5 minutes, rest for 3 to 5 minutes, which is a cycle. Repeat for 3 ~5 cycles. (3) It is suggested that children's sleep time, attention and stool should be recorded regularly. 6. Obese children are suitable for obese children who jump rope quickly. They usually have a big appetite and eat a lot. They prefer snacks to sports. Parents need to publicize the many dangers of obesity to their children in peacetime and stimulate their desire to improve their body shape through exercise. The exercise intensity of obese children should be greater, and the time should be appropriately extended. We should also emphasize the bad habit of getting rid of snacks and not adding meals after meals. Because obese children are taller than their peers, but after a long period of obesity, children's height will grow slowly, and eventually their height will be lower than expected, and skipping rope is undoubtedly the first choice to improve their body shape. The specific methods are: (1) frequency hopping requirements 1 min, 120 times or more. (2) Children jump rope for 5-6 minutes, then rest for 3-5 minutes, and so on. Repeat for more than 5 cycles. (3) It is recommended to record the child's weight and height regularly, and if possible, record the breathing and heart rate. When children can jump rope skillfully, they can jump in pairs, jump in groups, and jump rope with their parents and classmates. It's fun! Sixth, the senior high school entrance examination project-one minute skipping rope In recent years, skipping rope with both feet for one minute has become one of the sports senior high school entrance examination projects in various places. Jumping rope is the easiest way to score in physical education examination. There are also many students who got full marks through exercise. After two months of training, the average score of skipping rope in one minute can be improved from 1 10 to 190. Pay attention to the following items when practicing: 1, the body should be straight but not stiff, the eyes should look forward and down, the joints such as neck and shoulders should be relaxed, and the body should be natural when flying. Breathe tightly, keep your big arms close to your body, and let your small arms droop to the front of your hips. Usually step on the middle of the rope with one foot, bend your elbows with your arms to level your forearm, and pull the rope to a suitable length. 2. When holding the handle, the index finger and thumb exert force, and the wrist exerts force to do abduction and internal rotation. Knees are slightly bent, feet take off and land with forefoot, and never use heels when landing to prevent falling and concussion. When jumping in the air, don't bend your body excessively, but become a natural bending posture. The take-off height should be appropriate, and the rope should be just over the foot. In order to prevent the two ankles from colliding when landing, the front and back should be staggered. 4. When jumping, breathe naturally and rhythmically. Hand rope, flying feet, bent legs, straight body and regular breathing are all things that need attention in skipping rope. Some mistakes easily made in practice should be corrected in time. When holding the handle with both hands, the height is inconsistent and needs to be reminded; When skipping rope, the forearm amplitude is too large, instead of swinging around the wrist, and it should be reminded when practicing; 5. When skipping rope, the height is too high. At this time, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the height of the jump; When swinging forward, the arm is too far away from both sides of the body and the amplitude is too large, which reduces the speed and the height of skipping rope and is easy to trip the leg; Use the upper arm to shake the skipping rope, not the wrist, so that the two arms move in a circular motion on the side of the body, and the students are very tired; 6. Finally, there is a very important mistake that is easily overlooked, that is, the rhythm is not good, the legs, feet, hands and ropes are not well coordinated, and mistakes are easy to occur, which will seriously affect the performance in the end. At this time, let students slow down, realize the importance of success rate, and try not to make mistakes or make fewer mistakes. Expect parents and children to jump together! Soon you will realize the beauty of skipping rope!