At the same time, it stipulates the situation of enterprise measurement accounting elements. Generally, historical cost should be used, and the measurement attributes such as replacement cost, net realizable value, present value and tolerance can be used if they can be obtained and measured reliably. Introduce other measurement attributes, such as allowable values.
The idea of embodying the concept of asset responsibility has changed the historical cost dominated by indigenous bacteria. However, in view of the development of China market, the accounting standards for business enterprises mainly focus on financial instruments, real estate investment, non-jointly controlled enterprises, debt restructuring and charging asset transactions. Other conditions for adopting allowable values.
But on the whole, the application of enterprise accounting quasi-measurement in fair value is still cautious. From the perspective of assets and liabilities, when formulating accounting standards for a specific type of transactions, standard-setters first try to define and standardize the measurement of assets and liabilities generated by such transactions, and then confirm income according to the changes of defined assets and liabilities.
Therefore, from the viewpoint of assets and liabilities, the accounting treatment of transactions and events includes determining assets and liabilities, as well as changes in equity caused by changes in assets and liabilities related to these transactions. On the contrary, the concept of revenue cost requires standard setters to first consider directly recognizing and measuring the income and expenditure related to specific types of transactions when formulating accounting standards.
Extended data:
Application of the concept of assets and liabilities;
The application of assets and liabilities in international accounting standards FASB and IASC both take the asset characteristics of "future economic benefits inflow" (or the liability characteristics of "future economic benefits outflow") as the basis for the original recognition and final accounts of assets (or liabilities), while assets and liabilities that do not meet the definition of assets and liabilities are not recognized as assets and liabilities.
The fair value of some stocks is not only included in the balance sheet, but also not included in the realized income, owner's equity and other comprehensive income items. When the income is realized, the income statement will be transferred to the income statement.
Reflected in Article 39 of the International Accounting Standards, financial assets include financial assets for sale, investments held, loans or creditor's rights receivable, and financial assets available for sale. If the financial assets available for sale and purchase have reliable and measurable fair value, they shall be measured at fair value.
Gains and losses arising from changes in fair value are included in current profits and losses. When choosing the treatment method that is included in the owner's equity, the valuation difference of the specified stock is directly included in the owner's equity.
Baidu Encyclopedia-View of Assets and Liabilities