ancient history

Humans have lived in the British Isles for a long time. The original inhabitants were called Celts, and there were Iberians from Iberian Peninsula in the south. The first foreign invasion recorded in history came from the Romans, and two emperors Hadrian and Anthony also built a wall named after them on the northern border of England.

Later, during the great national migration, it was occupied by Germans from northern Europe, including Anglo-Saxons, Jutes and Danes, collectively referred to as Norman or Viking, so Britain began the division period of Anglo-Saxon vassal States. However, Britain continues to be harassed by outsiders, mainly Danes; For a time, Britain seemed to be annexed by the Danes, but then a great man, Alfred the Great, defeated the Danes and regained control of some lost land. When the king died, the Danes made a comeback. Finally, Knut the Great established a great empire including England, Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Greenland, and maybe some North America.

Conquer France

The most important event in British history took place in 1066. A Norman living in Normandy, France, led by William, Duke of Normandy, defeated Harold II in Hastings, entered London and established the Norman dynasty in British history. A brief introduction to British history and dynasty (British coin collection) Norman conquest is of great significance, which makes French have a more direct influence on English. Before that, English was mainly ancient Germanic, and after that, English absorbed a lot of Latin words from French. After the Norman dynasty, it was called the Plantagenet dynasty several times. It is divided into the following dynasties:

The first one is Anjou, named after Anjou in northern France, and the king of England established the Anjou Empire covering more than half of Britain and France. Then came the Plantagenet Dynasty, when England annexed Wales. Many famous figures in English history appeared one after another, such as Edward I of England, Edward III and Edward the Black Prince. Then came the Lancaster dynasty, which flourished under Henry V and then died with wars of the roses. Finally, the short-lived house of york.

Capitalist era

The establishment of Tudor dynasty completely ended wars of the roses, and the big noble war suffered heavy casualties. British capitalist industry and commerce developed greatly in this dynasty, especially in the Elizabethan period, which coincided with Shakespeare's time and made British history reach a brilliant climax.

1603, because Elizabeth I died childless, she was succeeded by James, a distant relative of Scotland, and the Stuart era began. At this time, England and Scotland formally merged, forming the embryonic form of Britain today.

You probably remember the famous historical contents of this period, such as the guillotine of Charles I and the glorious revolution. /kloc-After the two capitalist revolutions in the 0/7th century, Britain officially became a constitutional monarchy, eventually breaking the feudal shackles and heading for the capitalist development road. The dynasty ended because Queen Anne had no children, so Britain invited the distant relative of the royal family, the Elector of Hanover, to succeed George I, and began the house of hanover in British history.

The most famous monarch in this dynasty was Queen Victoria. Britain has become the most powerful capitalist country in the world, with colonies all over the world, so it is also called? The sun never sets? Empire. Queen Victoria's Crown Prince Edward was the longest-serving prince until 190 1. He succeeded to the throne as Edward VII and started the Saxon-Coburg-Gotha dynasty named after his father Prince Albert's fief in Germany. A brief introduction to British history and dynasty (British coin collection)

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With Britain's involvement in World War I, people's war-weariness intensified, and George V, who succeeded to the throne, moved to Windsor Castle, the largest castle in the world. It was built in 1 1 century. It was originally a wooden castle, and later generations of kings expanded and gradually improved. The present scale was formed after the expansion of George IV and Queen Victoria in the19th century. Windsor Castle covers an area of 13 acre and is the largest castle in Britain. Historically, it was the birthplace, wedding place, prison and burial place of some British kings, and also the residence of members of the royal family. Windsor Castle is surrounded by Windsor Park, which was once the royal garden where members of the royal family hunted fiercely. There is a royal mausoleum nearby. The Queen and her relatives often spend weekends in Windsor Castle. Every Christmas, members of the royal family gather in the castle to celebrate. From 19 17, the British royal family was named after Windsor, and the Windsor Dynasty began. Queen Elizabeth II succeeded to the throne from 1953.