French food culture
French cuisine as a whole includes these aspects: bread, cake, cold food, cooked food, meat products, cheese and wine. These are all indispensable contents in the French diet, among which the French are most proud of wine, bread and cheese.
French people are used to western food, romantic French food, romantic French food, and many details are worth savoring.
French cuisine is famous for its delicious taste, various dishes and unique cooking methods. Almost all European cuisines are cooked by the French, because most of the chefs employed in the first-class hotels or restaurants in Europe are French. Their attention to diet is comparable to ours in China, and they even regard diet as art, which is better than ours.
French cuisine has the characteristics of wide selection of materials, fresh materials, exquisite dishes and diverse varieties. Vegetables are generally raw and have the habit of eating lettuce. In seasoning, wine is heavier, and different raw materials should use corresponding wine. They are rich, tender and spicy. Pork, beef, mutton (tender), chicken, fish and shrimp, eggs, braised sausages, vegetarian dishes and fruits are all their favorite foods, especially pineapples. Scaleless fish is excluded from the table and is an unwelcome food. When eating, cold dishes are whole pieces of meat, which are eaten while cutting. Famous dishes include: Marseille fish soup, sparrow broth, Paris lobster, roasted snail, red wine pheasant, Chapireau chicken, chicken liver steak, oyster cup, Malinggu chicken and so on.
French cuisine cannot be described as delicious, nutritious and rich. In addition to paying attention to ingredients, cooking time, collocation of dishes, freshness of selected materials and diversified dishes and cooking methods evolved in different regions, French cuisine is superior to other western foods in terms of delicacy, rationality and artistry.
The French also especially pursue the emotional appeal when dining, such as exquisite tableware, faint candlelight, elegant environment and so on. Most of the larger restaurants are luxuriously decorated. Some shops still retain16th century Louis XIV's luxurious furniture, exquisite silver tableware, crystal cups and other expensive and gorgeous tableware. Other restaurants focus on art collections, and the famous paintings on the walls are the real treasures, not the general art paintings that decorate the facade. Some restaurants also put their collection hobbies in the store to enjoy the collection with their guests. If the hotel has a short history, they can also try to fill it with all kinds of flowers, which is an excellent scene to blend in with delicious food.
French cuisine is directly related to the French people's requirements for life and aesthetics. The French also gave philosophical significance to diet, believing that individual diet should conform to their respective educational and social status, and regarded dining at the same table as an elegant pleasure and enjoyment to connect feelings and make friends. One is called? World-class dieters? Someone once said: Feel the dining atmosphere on the dining table, and you can judge the overall character of this country's citizens. ? Looking at the French people's cuisine and dining style, we can't help thinking of a string of notes flowing under clayderman's fingers, which are romantic and meaningful, so that you can fully appreciate the artistic flavor of French cuisine.
Dinner in France is mostly around 8 pm, and some even later. When you arrive at the restaurant, all the warm and elegant atmosphere carefully designed by experts will infect you immediately. The tables and chairs in the dining room are well arranged, which is not only convenient for dining, but also caters to the consumption psychology of different customers, and the space should be fully utilized. The service of French restaurants is in place, not only to provide satisfactory service for first-time customers, but also to remember the names of old customers and their favorite table positions. Whenever these people come here for dinner, they will take the initiative to call the guests' names, which makes people feel cordial.
Does every dish in French food come with a drink? Art? . Aperitif is essential, and the types and even colors of wine between meals are very particular. Red wine has meat, white wine has seafood such as fish and shrimp, and some people like to drink brandy after meals. Use different glasses for each wine.
The menu of French food is very simple. There are only a dozen main courses, but they are all beautifully cooked. The order of ordering is: the first course is usually cold dish or soup, although there are many varieties on the menu? First course? You can choose, but you can only choose one. A loaf of bread will be served before serving. After eating, the waiter will help you remove the plate and serve the second course. The second course is soup. Delicious French soup includes thick soup, light vegetable soup and delicious seafood soup. The third course is the main course of a meal and the most developed one in French cuisine. It is often exquisitely made, which makes diners unforgettable. What are the most kinds of dinner? Chicken steak, fish steak, steak, pork chop. This so-called steak is clean meat with bones and thorns removed, and then poured with a unique juice, which is delicious and convenient to eat. The so-called big meal refers to what ordinary people often eat, accompanied by some elaborate and emotional food, while delicacies such as sea cucumber, abalone and pangolin are hard to find in French cuisine. The well-known onion soup in French cuisine is a thick soup made of cheap onions, cheese and bread slices. Many diners who like French food come for onion soup. The whole meal is wine, mainly wine and champagne, which is a classic pen in French dinner. There are many rules for the selection and collocation of wine, such as white wine with seafood and red wine with red meat.
The last course is dessert, and the seriousness, meticulousness and artistic sense of French people towards life are all dissolved in this last course. French desserts are considered unique in the world. The sweet and soft dessert makes the ending of this meal perfect and unforgettable.
After a meal, a cup of espresso, one or two fruits and an ice cream are the enjoyment after a hard day's work. Drinking wine, cider, mint wine and eating roasted snails, foie gras, mushrooms and lilies are French pleasures.
Chrysanthemums, azaleas, all yellow flowers and paper flowers are taboo in diet customs. I'm also disgusted with dark green. I think these colors are unlucky, so I should pay attention to the decoration and pavement of French restaurants. When dining, French guests generally don't welcome someone to send towels.
Fromage enjoys a high reputation in the world. It is made of milk and goat's milk (including goat's milk), which has semi-solidified state, solidified state and dry lump, while there are hundreds of different kinds of cheese because of its different color and taste.
In addition, coffee culture is also a major feature of France.
The cafe fashion in Paris has lasted for centuries. As early as 1686, after businessmen from Sicily, Italy, came here to open the first coffee shop, the coffee shop in Paris has been booming, but it has developed rapidly in the past 20 years, which not only benefits from Paris, a world famous cultural city, but also lies in the rise of tourism. Some people say that you can never say that you have been to Europe until you get to Paris, nor can you say that you have been to Paris until you enter a cafe in Paris. There are about 65438+100000 cafes in Paris. There are cafes almost everywhere in sidewalks, squares, gardens and other places inside and outside Paris, and the business is booming. Cafe is like the soul of Paris, and almost all kinds of social activities appear in it. Couples meet, chat, do business, gamble and play games, all of which have become the scenery in the cafe? Cafe in Paris has become a media place in the city and a link for family communication. Another reason why cafes have become fashionable in Paris is that drinking coffee in cafes is not expensive. You can spend 1 franc sitting in it for several hours, even at night. In order to attract customers, most cafes in Paris have become non-smoking halls. Therefore, many smokers smoke in the street.
Cafes in Paris also have a great feature, that is, colorful, unique, mobile, exotic, audio-visual, restaurant-style, luxurious, fixed, humble, English, German, authentic French and so on. There are many cafes in Paris, but you can't find the same style. Here, people advocate the harmony between man and nature, so elegant wooden decoration is very popular. Parisians are very particular about what kind of people go to what kind of cafes. If you are dating your lover, please come to Crown Prince Cafe, because it is the most emotional place. If you are a tourist and need to taste the most Parisian dishes, please come to the Eiffel Cafe, because you can enjoy the panoramic view of Paris and taste the most famous dishes from the wall screen. In a word, cafes in Paris have become a characteristic culture. People go to coffee shops not necessarily for coffee, but for viewing, trading or dating. Cafes in Paris have gone far beyond the meaning of drinking coffee.
Modern French cuisine is a continuation of traditional French cuisine. With the improvement of living standards and quality of life, modern French advocate nutritious food to avoid various cardiovascular diseases. Especially for women, the purpose of nutritious food is to stay young forever.
However, no matter how modern the society is and how avant-garde people's thoughts and behaviors are, France has never abandoned its traditional and classical culinary arts. In order not to belittle the taste buds of the next generation, the government regularly invites dietetic experts to primary schools for taste inspection and training, so that children can have a normal taste, fully enjoy the well-known French cuisine with a long history, and try to retain traditional cooking methods in the food preparation process.
Bread is the main ingredient of French cuisine. In 1970s, in order to improve efficiency, bread manufacturers used large machines to produce bread, which destroyed the original flavor of bread. Public opposition, the government ordered the resumption of manual production. Until today, French bread has become a proper noun, which is inseparable from the love and maintenance of the French.
Introduction of French cuisine
First, French classic food? goose liver
In China, French cuisine represents exquisite, romantic, elegant and expensive French cuisine, which is really valuable. A meal may reach about 7000 yuan for one person, and the price depends entirely on the type of dishes. Because French cuisine attaches great importance to the freshness and quality of raw materials, most French restaurants in China eat by air, which attracts many gourmets and causes the high price of French cuisine.
Second, French classic food? Auricularia auricula (truffle)
Truffles? (Truffe), aka? Black fungus? , is a kind of mushroom that grows underground. In France? Black diamonds? Truffles with good names are not mushrooms strictly, because they are parasitic on tree roots and buried deep in the soil, so they must be found by well-trained dogs with a keen sense of smell. Truffles are very sensitive to temperature and humidity. If it is not handled properly, it only takes three days. Thin? One tenth. Losing weight means losing money, which often makes bosses feel distressed. So in order to preserve truffles, open them, for example, someone puts truffles in a sealed rice bucket or in a room with eggs. The result was unexpected. Rice and eggs fully absorb the taste of truffles, and at the same time, the moisture of truffles will not evaporate quickly, creating another taste of truffles. The best tasting season for truffles is1February to March of the following year. Bordeaux wine can be drunk with ordinary red wine.
Third, French classic food? caviar
What is the most widely known of the three major cuisines in the world? Caviar? It's actually salted shark's fin fish eggs. This famous food was known as the best in the world as early as the13rd century. It was rumored in a Danish newspaper at that time that a local factory received an order to make fin whale caviar, which should be the earliest record of caviar.
In addition to fin fish, caviar also uses materials such as trout, sturgeon, cod and snakehead. Among them, snakehead is the most special, because its growing place is limited to the Caspian Sea and the Black Sea. Caviar can be paired with any material without losing its delicious taste, whether it is cold dishes, wine, cakes, etc. And caviar can be combined into a wonderful dish. If caviar is really the most commonly used place, it is probably an appetizer with champagne!
French cuisine in France is characterized by juiciness and tasteless. When eating French cuisine, you must have exquisite tableware and picturesque dishes to satisfy your vision. Mellow wine satisfies the sense of smell; The delicious taste of the entrance satisfies the taste; Wine glasses and knives and forks are interlaced in a quiet and serene space, which is the highest enjoyment of touch and taste. This attitude of combining the five senses has developed a deep and focused taste.
In recent years, French cuisine has been constantly improving, pushing the past classical cuisine to the so-called new cuisine and using it together. The modulation method pays attention to the coordination of flavor, nature, skill, decoration and color. Due to different geographical locations, French cuisine is very popular in animal husbandry in northern France, which contains many regional dishes. All kinds of cream and cheese make people's index fingers move. Olives, seafood, garlic, fruits, vegetables and spices are abundant in the south.
Dietary characteristics in different regions of France
1) Burgundy region
Sweet red wine
Burgundy produces a lot of red wine and white wine, snails, chicken and mustard sauce. Famous dishes include braised chicken with red wine, stewed beef with red wine and roasted snail in Burgundy. France is one of the proud producing areas of wine, champagne and brandy in the world, so the French are very particular about the collocation and use of wine in catering. For example, drink a cup of light wine before meals; When eating salad, soup and seafood, drink white wine or bogui wine; Drink red wine when eating meat; Have a little brandy or liqueur after dinner. In addition, champagne is often used for celebrations, such as getting married, having children and celebrating.
② Normandy.
Delicious seafood
Normandy produces a lot of seafood, butter, whipped cream and apples. The famous dish is braised seafood in Normandy. In addition, adding apples to many dishes has become the biggest feature of this area.
③ CLSACE in Kansas.
Special foie gras
The most famous foie gras in France is produced in this area. The more famous dishes are cheese bacon egg tart and pickled cabbage mixed with bacon.
④ Pufan West Zone in Provence
Delicious steak
Because of its proximity to the Mediterranean and Italy, its dishes are more Italian. In the process of cooking and making dishes, a lot of olive oil, garlic, tomatoes, fish and various spices are often used. Famous dishes include Marseille seafood and Pufanxi frog legs.
French cuisine prefers beef, veal, mutton, poultry, seafood, vegetables, snails, truffles, foie gras and caviar. In terms of ingredients, a lot of wine, butter, whipped cream and various spices are used; When cooking, heat plays a very important role. For example, beef and mutton are usually cooked to six or seven minutes. Seafood should be cooked properly, not overcooked, especially the production of sauce, which takes a lot of effort. It uses a wide range of materials, whether it is soup, wine, whipped cream, butter or various spices, fruits and so on. , and very flexible.
(5) the famous fromage.
Fromage is also famous for its many kinds. According to the types, there are five categories: fresh hard, semi-hard, hard, Penicillium and smoked; Usually, bread, dried fruits (such as walnuts, etc. ) and grapes with cheese. In addition, French cuisine attaches great importance to the use of tableware, whether it is knives, forks, plates or wine glasses, because these can set off the noble temperament of French cuisine.