Historical celebrities in Jizhou
Tong Pi 1
After Liu Xiu arrived in Luoyang, he worshipped Tong Pi as the satrap, and was later appointed as Zuo Cao's assistant to serve the emperor. After Emperor Liu Zhuang ascended the throne, he painted portraits of 28 founding heroes in Yuntai, Nangong, calling them "Twenty-eight Generals of Yuntai", and Tong Pi was one of them.
According to historical records, after the pacification of Wang Lang, Tong Pi made Quyang County Decree. During his official career, he was honest, proficient in pharmacology and medical skills, and attached importance to the medical cause, which was praised by the local people. According to legend, Tong Pi's medical skill is exquisite, and he often pretends to be a string of rural doctors to treat people, and the curative effect is quite good, so he is called "imperial doctor". Tong Pi was buried in Nanguan (now Anguo County) in qi zhou after his death, and the Wang Pi Temple was built in the cemetery as a memorial place. During the Song Dynasty, Zhou Qiren honored Tong Pi as the "King of Medicine", and during the period of Taiping and Xingguo in the Northern Song Dynasty (976-984 AD), qi zhou established the "Temple of the King of Medicine". Liu Yong, a college student in the Qing Dynasty, inscribed a tablet for "Wang Yao Temple".
2. Feng Ba and Hong Feng
Feng Ba (? -43 1), the word Wen Qi, was born in Guo Jun, Beiyan, sixteen countries in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and Xindu, Changle County (now Moon Village, Jizhou Town, jizhou city). Grandfather Feng He moved to Shangdang (now Zhangzi County, Shaanxi Province) to escape the war during the Yongjia Rebellion in the Western Jin Dynasty. Father Feng An is General Xi Yan. After the defeat of Xiyan, Feng Anjia moved to Long (now Chaoyang City, Liaoning Province) and became a Xianbei Han.
Feng Ba was ambitious and unrestrained when he was a teenager. Later, Yan Murong Bao was the general of Zhongwei at that time. After Murong Xi acceded to the throne, he was appointed commander-in-chief of Zhongwei. Murong Xi is fatuous and tyrannical, with heavy taxes, and the people are miserable and complaining. Feng Ba came up with a way to kill Mr. Murong, so that Gao Yun, Murong Bao's adopted son, was given priority, while Feng Ba was appointed as the general of Peking University, Shi Zhong, Kai Fu and Wu Yigong. In 409 AD, Gao Yun, the prince of Yan, was killed by his subordinates, and Feng Baping settled the matter and was elected king by the people. The year number is "Taiping", and the country is still called Yan (known as Beiyan in history).
When Feng Ba was in office, he took a series of measures to consolidate his rule and develop production. "In addition to tyranny, punish greed", he asked officials at all levels to be benevolent, benefit the people, and severely punish corrupt officials, so as to achieve "fear from top to bottom, and prohibit the road". "Save taxes and teach farmers and mulberry", he saved corvee and taxes, and carefully inquired about the strategy of encouraging farmers when selecting officials. "Persuading agriculture to teach mulberry" has become a common practice and agriculture has developed rapidly. He attached importance to ethics, rewarded filial piety, and built imperial academy everywhere to educate the people. Feng Ba has been in power for 22 years, the society is relatively stable and the production has developed.
In 43 1 year, Feng Ba was seriously ill, and the philosophers and their brothers fought for power and the king, killing each other and dying of panic.
Hongfeng, the word, the brother of Fengba, is the monarch of Beiyan. When Feng Ba was in power, Hongfeng was named Zhongshan Gong. After the death of Feng Ba, Hongfeng killed Feng Yi, the son of Feng Ba, and established himself as the monarch of Beiyan, with the title "Taixing" and reigned for six years. In 437 AD, Wei Bing was forced to flee to North Korea (present-day Korea) at the gate of Beiyan. Two years later, he was killed by the king of South Korea.
3. Feng Taihou
Feng Taihou (44 1-490), a native of Xindu, Changle County (now Yueliang Village, Jizhou Town, jizhou city), was the granddaughter of Hongfeng, the monarch of Beiyan, and was an outstanding female reformer. After his grandfather Feng fled to North Korea, his father and uncle surrendered to Wei. Lang Feng was assassinated in the Northern Wei Dynasty from Guan to Qin and Yong (present-day Shaanxi) and was named the Duke of West County. Later, he was convicted and killed. Feng was sent to the palace and raised by his aunt (left of the Northern Wei Dynasty monarch). She has been smart and studious since she was a child. Under the education of her aunt, she is not only proficient in writing, but also knowledgeable.
In 452 AD, Tuo domineering entered Dengji, 1 1 year-old Feng was elected a nobleman, and in 456 AD, he was made a queen. In 465, Wen Chengdi died at the age of 26, and TaBaHong acceded to the throne (Li Fushou). Feng was honored as the empress dowager. At that time, Emperor Xianwen was only 12 years old, and he was still an ignorant child. The prime minister easily confused the autocratic power and plotted to overthrow the emperor's official position. Feng Taihou and the minister of Han nationality made a secret plan, suddenly killed Yi Hun, and then went to court. In 467 AD, Prince Tuoba Hong was born. Feng Taihou no longer listened to the government, but raised his grandson. 14-year-old Xianwen Emperor is in office. In 47 1 year, 18-year-old emperor TaBaHong gave the throne to 4-year-old prince TaBaHong (Emperor Xiaowen), and Feng was made the empress dowager. Tuoba Hong became the emperor's father, but he still participated in state affairs. In 476 AD, Taibatohong suddenly died. According to historical records, "the ancestor (Emperor Hong) suddenly collapsed, and it is said that it was the Queen Mother." Feng began to listen to politics for the second time until his death in 490 AD.
After Feng Taihou came to North Korea again, he carried out a comprehensive and thorough reform in politics, economy, culture, ideology, customs and habits. Such as: advocating China, building Confucius Temple and advocating Confucianism; Establish schools and develop education; Xianbei people are forbidden to marry with the same surname; Get rid of Xianbei people's habit of believing in witchcraft; Implement the land equalization system, distribute the land abandoned by the war to the hard-working Ding Zhuang, and collect taxes to benefit the country; Establish a household registration system and a wage system. After a series of reforms presided over by Feng Taihou, the Northern Wei Dynasty got rid of the chaotic situation, suppressed the predatory behavior of powerful people, and the country became increasingly stable. The Northern Wei Dynasty gradually changed from the backward mode of production of Xianbei nationality to the advanced feudal mode of production of Han nationality, which laid a solid foundation for Emperor Xiaowen to carry out the policy of sinicization on a larger scale after he took office.
Feng Taihou enforced the law strictly, and two princes were prosecuted for taking bribes and bending the law. Many princes and ministers interceded for them. According to North Korea's regulations, Feng Taihou deprived them of their knighthood and imprisoned them for life. Feng Taihou lived a simple life, dressed in plain silk, with a table only one foot square, and ate much less than other emperors and queens. She also wrote a will before her death, stipulating that the tomb was thirty paces long and ten feet wide, and that ordinary coffins were used instead of sacrifices. In the 14th year of Taihe (AD 490), Feng Taihou died at the age of 49 and was named the "Empress Dowager of Civilization". Feng Taihou made outstanding contributions to the feudalization and sinicization of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and a series of reform measures adopted had a far-reaching impact on later generations.
4. Sun Jing
Sun Jing, whose real name is Wen Bao, was born in Xindu (present-day jizhou city) in Han Dynasty. The allusion of "head hanging beam" comes from Sun Jing. "Peaceful Magnolia" contains: He is "studious and never stops in the morning and evening". He studied hard all the year round behind closed doors and was called "Mr. Closed Door". Sun Jing often stays up late to study hard. In order to get rid of drowsiness, he was tied to the roof beam. If he bends his head to sleep, he will pull his hair to wake up. Sun Jing studied hard with his unique "hanging beam" spirit and finally became a well-known scholar at that time. Later generations greatly appreciated Sun Jing's spirit of studying hard, and compared it with the story of Su Qin's "being sleepy in reading" in the Warring States Period to educate children. There are three sentences in the Classic of Three Characters: "On the beam hanging from the head, you don't teach, you are diligent like fireflies, like snow, and your family is poor but you don't drop out of school." Sun Jing, Su Qin, Che Yin's Firefly and Sun Kang's Snow are all examples of hard work.
5. Liu Zhuo
Liu Zhuo (544-6 10), a native of Xindu County (now jizhou city), was a scholar and astronomer in the Sui Dynasty. Liu Zhuo was smart since he was a child, and he had a good relationship with Liu Xuan in Hejian. Together, they learned the Book of Songs from Liu Guisi of Xindu County, Zuo Zhuan from Mao and Yi Li from An Sheng. Later, they studied hard for ten years at the University of Wuqiang, Liu Zhihai, and became famous scholars and state doctors, that is, Liu Xuan.
During the reign of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, Liu Zhuozhong was promoted to a scholar, shot Jiake, worshipped as a foreign general, and worked with the writer Wang Shao to compile national history and participate in the calendar. He once talked about the stagnation of ancient and modern times with other countries, and often talked about it. Everyone admired his profound knowledge. In the sixth year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Shijing of Luoyang arrived in Beijing, and the words were worn in many places, which was extremely difficult to identify. Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty summoned Liu Zhuo, Liu Xuan and others for textual research, trying to clarify them one by one. In a debate on Confucian classics held in imperial academy, he and Liu Xuanli defeated Confucianism, so they were jealous and slandered, and were dismissed and returned to their hometown. Emperor Wendi of Sui sent Liu Zhuo to work in the mansion of Wang Yang of Shu, but he refused to go. Yang learned that he was sent to exile in remote areas. After Yang's title was abolished, he was re-used and became a cloud rider in North Korea. Liu Zhuo, who was honest by nature, often criticized current politics in his official career, but was eventually rejected by the imperial court and was dismissed from his post and returned to his hometown. Since then, he has been studying and teaching in Green Science, devoting himself to education and writing. During this period, world-famous scholars have doubts, students have studied, and they often come from thousands of miles away. After Yang Di ascended the throne, he was hired as Dr. imperial academy. Liu Zhuo died in Daye for six years (AD 6 10).
Liu Zhuo's works include Ten Volumes of Historical Records, Ten Volumes of Li Shu, Five Classics, etc., which were later lost. There is 1 volume "Shangshu Liu Yishu" in Ma Guohan's "Han Yu Shan Fang Yi Shu Collection" in Qing Dynasty. When introducing The Scholars, Tang said: "Commentators believe that their knowledge of Confucianism is second to none for hundreds of years." Fan Wenlan, a modern historian, wrote in the third volume of A General History of China, "The most famous Confucian scholars in the Sui Dynasty were only Liu Zhuo and Liu Xuan."
Liu Zhuo is proficient in astronomy. He found that there were many fallacies in the calendar of the Sui Dynasty, and he suggested amending it many times. In 600 AD, he created the Emperor's Calendar, and for the first time, he considered the non-uniformity of the sun's apparent motion and created the "equal interval quadratic interpolation formula" for calculating the running speeds of the sun, the moon and the five stars. It is more accurate than the previous calendar to calculate the contraction of the sun and the moon, the gain and loss of the ecliptic, the number of eclipses and the place and time of their appearance. The methods of "fixing the new moon" and "fixing the air" are also his original creations. Huang estimated that the precession of vernal equinox westward on the ecliptic is every 76.5 years, which is very close to the present value. Because the almanac was different from the authoritative person at that time-Taishiling Guan Zhang in astronomical calendar, the yellow composed of hematemesis was rejected and could not be implemented. However, the astronomical calendar provided by this book was the most advanced at that time, and history confirmed that Liu Zhuo's research on astronomy reached a quite high level. During the Tang Dynasty, Li created the Linde Calendar based on the emperor's calendar, which became one of the famous calendars in ancient times.
6. Father Kong Chao
Father Kong Chao (? -784), born in Jizhou (now jizhou city), was a minister in the Tang Dynasty. He was one of the "Six Replies of Zhuxi" and made friends with literary giants such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Huang Furan. Some excellent poems were published in the world, but they were later lost.
At the end of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Confucius, Li Bai, Han Zhun, Pei Zheng, Zhang Shuming and Tao Mian lived in seclusion at the foot of Culai Mountain in Tai 'an, Shandong Province, drinking and having fun, chatting and writing poems, which is known as "Zhu Xi's Six Replies" in history. After the pastoral life in Culai ended, Kong Chao's father was recommended to be an official in Chang 'an. In the sixth year of Tianbao (AD 747), he resigned and retired to Jiangdong (now Zhejiang Huiji). Before leaving, Shi Jing's good friend Cai Hou gave him a farewell dinner. During the dinner, the poet Du Fu recited a poem "Send Kong Chao's father to swim across the river to give Li Bai" to express his feelings and praise Chao Fu's talent and virtue. Later, Kong Chao's father came back to help save the country and served as an observer in Hunan. In the middle of the founding of Tang Dezong, Kong Chao's father was a minister in the DPRK, with the heaviest official position. Because he is resourceful, good at rhetoric, good at breaking thieves, and won the respect of the court, he is called "knowing the monarch and the minister."
In the second year of Jianzhong (AD 78 1), Li and Li Na of Ziqing asked for instructions to inherit their father's business, which was rejected by the court. Tian Yue, the time emissary of the seven countries of Weibo, made an invitation on their behalf, but Dezong refused. Tian Yue became angry from embarrassment and joined forces with Li, Li Na and others to defect. Rebellion in three towns in Hebei province, years of war, countless lives, soldiers and rebels fought bloody battles, heavy casualties. In the first year of Xingyuan (AD 784), the government was appointed as the messenger to quell the chaos. The government risked its life to go to Weibo Town to argue with Tian Yue, stating the advantages and disadvantages of obedience and disobedience, which touched people's hearts and eventually led to Tian Yue's surrender.
In the third year of Jianzhong (AD 782), Li Huaiguang, the envoy of Shuofang, ordered Fengdi to attack Tian Yue. The following year, Jingyuan mutinied. Juba, the general of the rebel army, entered Chang 'an and proclaimed himself emperor. Dezong fled to Fengtian (now Ganxian County, Shaanxi Province). Zhu Ba led the troops to storm, and Li Huaiguang went to help, and defeated the enemy several times, forcing Zhu Ba to return to Chang 'an. Because Dezong believed in the provocation of the traitor Qilu, and Li Huaiguang was not allowed to enter the DPRK, Li Huaiguang became angry from embarrassment, abandoned the general, joined forces with Zhu Ba to force Dezong to flee to Hanzhong, and led the army to occupy Linjiang (now Yongji West, Shanxi Province) and split the party. After Kong Chao's father said that he had surrendered to Tian Yue rebels, in June of that year, Dezong ordered him to court Li Huaiguang. Kong Chao's father went deep into the cave again and surrendered. Unfortunately, he was killed by Li Huaiguang's men because of his improper words. After his death, the court posthumously awarded Confucius' father Shangshu as a left servant and posthumous title as "loyalty". Both Old Tang Shu and New Tang Shu are biographies of Confucius.
7. Hu
Hu (1884- 1942), whose pen name is Nai Weng, was born in Jizhou (now Fujiazhuang Village, jizhou city) and was a famous calligrapher in modern times. Hu was born in a scholarly family. His ancestor Hu founded Yi ology. Grandfather Ying was a candidate in Qing Dynasty and worked as a teacher in Yixue. His father, Hu Ceng, teaches in the capital and is good at calligraphy.
Zhao Zong graduated from Baoding Excellent Normal School. 19 1 1 set up Jixian senior primary school with colleagues to teach Chinese and calligraphy. He is rigorous in his studies and eclectic, especially good at ancient poetry and prose. Calligraphy classes often teach his disciples orally and hold calligraphy exhibitions. 1928 Hu lives in the backyard of Huajincheng lamp fan calligraphy and painting shop near Tianjin Quanyechang and buys calligraphy and painting for a living.
Zhao Zong was smart and studious since childhood, and especially liked calligraphy. He first studied Yan Liu Ryan, which was greatly appreciated by people. After making some achievements, he changed to Wei Bei and practiced Wei Bei with the Nangong Monument in Zhang Yuzhao as a model. He made great efforts in writing and structure, and kept practicing hard. Zhao Zong browsed famous brand plaques, studied ancient rubbings, discussed inscriptions of past dynasties, learned from each other's strong points, innovated his own environment and was unique. His calligraphy is both rigid and flexible, with bones and muscles embedded in it, which is full of stone carving feeling. Simple and beautiful, swaggering and memorable. Hu is quite influential in calligraphy. It is said that Qi Baishi, the master of art, thought Hu was the most accomplished calligrapher in the north at that time and carefully carved seals for him. Hu was repeatedly invited to write plaques for businesses on Qianmen Street in Beijing, such as Tianjin Wuhe Line Store, Communications Hotel, Yuhua Stationery Store, Baofeng Hotel and Huasheng Wangjindian Store, and to write school names for Hebei Sixth Normal School, Hebei 14th Middle School and Jixian Senior Middle School. The banners inscribed by Hu are regarded as top-grade in calligraphy and painting shops in Beijing, Tianjin and other cities. Both wealthy businessmen in the mainland and foreign merchants buy them at high prices, and people regard their calligraphy and painting as treasures. Hu Yu/KLOC-0 died in Beijing in May, 1942, and his calligraphy works, poems, calligraphy and painting were all lost in previous sports.
8. Daoan
Daoan (3 12-385) was an outstanding translator and a famous monk in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Daoan was a scholar family in Fuliu County (now Liucun Village, Xiaozhai Township, jizhou city). His original surname was Wei, and he called himself Shi.
My parents died early and were raised by my brother Kong. He began to study at the age of seven. When I was 15 years old, I was quite familiar with the Five Classics and turned to study Buddhism. Daoan's age of becoming a monk 18 (according to Biography of Monks and Biography of Monks, "becoming a monk at the age of twelve"). Because of his dark and ugly appearance, he was not taken seriously by the barber and was only allowed to work in the fields. Later, he asked the barber for Buddhist scriptures, and his memory was amazing. The master was surprised and gave him an anklet so that he could go out to participate in school activities at will. Legend has it that the master gave him a book of about 5000 words, and he finished reading it in only one day. I also read him about 10,000 words of "Cheng Ming Jing", which took him a day to finish. Retelling the scriptures word for word is very popular with the masters.
At the age of 24, Daoan studied Buddhism in Yedu (now Linzhang County, Hebei Province), where Daoan studied Buddhism for thirteen or four years. Tao An was deeply appreciated by Tu Tu, the Buddha, who often gave lectures on his behalf and successfully answered many theoretical questions, thus winning the reputation of "painting a Taoist priest and shaking his neighbors". After the death of the Buddha Tucheng, Daoan left Yedu and went to Shaanxi to study Buddhist scriptures with the famous monks Zhu, Zhu Sangkou and Zhu Daohu at that time, and made extremely valuable comments on Buddhist scriptures.
In 364 AD, Daoan led more than 400 disciples to Xiangyang and lived there for 15 years. They lived in Baima Temple first, then founded Tanxi Temple, engaged in Buddhist research and writing, and formulated Buddhist rules. Daoan had a great influence on Buddhism at that time. Emperor Xiaowu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty wrote a letter praising Dao An and giving him the same salary as a maharaja. In the third year of Kangning (AD 375), Daoan went to Chang 'an and was summoned by Fu Jian. In his later years, Daoan presided over the translation of classics in Wuchang Temple in Chang 'an, and noted the Preface to Classics. On the eighth day of February, 385, Daoan died of illness and was buried in Wuchang Temple in Chang 'an at the age of 73.
Daoan has made great contributions to the promotion of Buddhism, which can be summarized as: translating Buddhist scriptures and Buddhist scriptures. There are more than 60 kinds of Buddhist writings written by Dao 'an (40 kinds are missing, but more than 20 kinds exist), and 14 prefaces of Confucian classics written by Dao 'an are all contained in Chu Sanzang Collection. When Buddhism was first introduced into China, the translation quality was relatively low. Daoan personally presided over, and together with monks and other place names in the western regions, he explained and detailed the text, which made a preface to the translation of Buddhist scriptures and improved the translation quality of Buddhist scriptures. In the process of translation, he also summed up the translation rules of "five mistakes and three difficulties" and advocated literal translation. Dao An once wrote the Comprehensive Classic Catalogue, and made a detailed study of the popular classic versions at that time. Second, the formulation of monks' canons and ordinances. Daoan advocates that monks take "Shi" as their surname, which is recognized by the Buddhist community. Since then, monks have called themselves "teachers". He also formulated rules and regulations for monks, so that the behavior of monks in the world was unified and religious organizations were standardized. Third, the establishment of the "non-religious" Buddhist school. Daoan combines the essence of Zen and Prajna, advocates "governing by doing nothing" and establishes a new school-"governing by doing nothing", which is the most important representative of the Buddhist school in China.