The history of Tsinghua originated from boxer indemnity stipulated in the "Xin Chou Treaty" signed by the Qing government and Eight-Nation Alliance in190/kloc-0. By 1904, countries negotiated to exchange gold for compensation, and at the same time, the price of silver fell, so the Qing court had to pay more silver, which was extremely difficult in finance. 1654381October 30, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs instructed the Qing ambassador to the United States to negotiate with the United States on the use of silver reparations.
Following the first meeting on February 1 year 1 day, on the morning of February 5, 65438, Liang Cheng met with US Secretary of State John Hayward again and held talks on the issue of using silver as reparations. During this period, John Hayward proposed that "the United States received too much boxer indemnity" and the two sides decided to reduce reparations through consultation. After Liang Cheng's efforts to communicate, although there were obstacles in the middle due to the cancellation of the Guangdong-Han Railway, he finally agreed to reduce the compensation and use the refund for training talents and studying in the United States.
The US Congress agreed to grant President theodore roosevelt the right to handle reparations. At that time, the compensation to the United States was equivalent to $ 24440778438+0, with an annual interest rate of 4%. President Roosevelt decided to limit the compensation base to US$ 65,438+03,655,492.69, and the rest was returned to the Qing Dynasty year by year from US$ 65,438+0909,65,438+0.
1July, 908 (the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu), the official document of the United States on reducing reparations was submitted to the Qing Dynasty by William W. Rockhill, the ambassador to China. Prince Qing, the foreign minister, replied: "In view of your president's sincerity in recently encouraging China students to study in the United States and seek advanced knowledge, and in view of your past education in China, the Qing imperial government sincerely stated that students should be sent to your country for education every year." On the same day, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Qing Dynasty sent a letter to the American legation and sent Tang as a special envoy to the United States.
1909 (the year of Xuantongyuan in Qing Dynasty), the United States began to refund reparations. In May, the U.S. legation sent a note to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, sending China Counselor Tenney Charles Daniel as the representative to be responsible for studying in the United States. When American universities were about to open in September, Tenney Charles Daniel urged the Qing government: "It's not too late to select quickly. Later, the admission will expire. " On May 29th, the Foreign Affairs Department of the Qing government went to Zhou Ziqi to deal with studying in the United States.
On June 2nd, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs submitted to the Ministry of Education the manuscript of "Outline of Measures for Repaying American Indemnities and Sending Overseas Students", but it was not agreed, so it hit Shui Piao. There are different opinions in the correspondence between the two departments: Foreign Minister Liang Dunyan and others advocate recruiting young students (below 15) to study in the United States to facilitate English learning; The department claims that young students "lack the foundation of Chinese studies, and going abroad is really expensive", and advocates recruiting middle-aged people (over 30 years old) to study in the United States. In the end, the department finally agreed to play with the foreign affairs department by taking a compromise approach.
10 In July (the 23rd day of the fifth lunar month), the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Education jointly reported the Outline of the Measures for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to Send Overseas Students to the United States for Repatriation to boxer indemnity, which was approved by Zhu on the same day. In the memorial, he advocated the establishment of "tourism aesthetics department" and attached "school" On July 17 (the first day of the sixth lunar month), the Tourism Aesthetics Office was formally established.
On August 25th, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Education officially sent Zuo Cheng, a foreign affairs deployment officer, with Zhou Ziqi, a member of the left Senate and the Ministry of Education as the general manager, Fan Yuanlian, a member of the Ministry of Education, and Guoan Tang, an alternate director of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as the general manager. Meanwhile, Yung Kwai, Counsellor of the Chinese Embassy in the United States, works as a student supervisor in the United States. First, I worked in Houwei Hutong in Dongcheng, and then moved to Shi Jia Hutong.
In September, the "Tsinghua Campus" outside Xizhimen was handed over to the Tourism Aesthetics Department to build an undergraduate museum. Nave Na Tong of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs chose Tsinghua Campus as the venue of the school auditorium. After getting the approval, we began to repair the building. It was originally planned to use 19 10 in autumn, but the workers went on strike for several months. During this period, around 19 1 1, the construction of the school gate (now the second school gate), the I-shaped hall, the First Hospital (the western half of Tsinghua University), the Second Hospital, the Third Hospital, the Tongfangke, the North Hospital and the school hospital was completed, with a campus area of 450 mu (27 hectares).
19 1 1 February, the school was renamed "Tsinghua School" (full name "Imperial Tsinghua School"), and the name of the school was inscribed by Na Tong, Minister of Military Affairs. In March, a second interview was conducted in Xuanwumen Internal Medicine Department, and all 468 students were admitted. A temporary opening ceremony was held on March 30th 19 1 1 (the first day of the third lunar month). /kloc-On April 30th, 0, higher education started, and classes started on Monday, April 3rd. The teacher was hired by the YMCA from the United States, and the office of aesthetic affairs was moved to the I-shaped office.
Tsinghua University's achievements.
Tsinghua University has gradually become a world-renowned institution of higher learning, and has made considerable achievements in the fields of engineering, computer science, natural science, management science, culture and humanities, law and public policy. In 20 18, Tsinghua University ranked within 100 in QS and global higher education institutions.