Mu surname is a long-standing surname in China, with many celebrities in history, which has made great contributions to the development of the Chinese nation. Mu's surname ranks 98th among hundreds of surnames compiled by people in Song Dynasty and 230th in today's population statistics.

Mu surname is an earlier surname of China. The ancestors of the Mu family can be traced back to Cabbage in the late Shang Dynasty. Wei is the son of Shang Zhouwang. He is very concerned about state affairs, but he is not accepted by Zhou Wang. Weizi had no choice but to leave Zhou Wang. After Zhou Wuwang conquered the Shang Dynasty, he resumed his official position. In order to continue the descendants of the Shang Dynasty, the Zhou Dynasty sealed Wei Ziguo in the Song Dynasty (which governs the eastern part of Henan Province and some places at the junction of Shandong, Jiangsu and Anhui) and made Shangqiu its capital (now Suiyang District of Shangqiu City). Since then, the descendants of Wei Zi have been breeding until the Song Dynasty. When it reached the Song Dynasty, he did not pass the rule to his son and Yi, but to his younger brother "He", that is, Song Mugong. After the death of Duke Mu of Song, his ministers established (the son of Song) as Song according to his wishes. Song Mugong was praised by Chinese people for this. After his death, posthumous title became "Mu", and descendants of Song Mu were proud of it. Some take "Mu" as their surname, which is the earliest origin of Mu. Song State is a descendant of Shang Dynasty nobles, so Mu surname originated from the son surname of Shang Dynasty royal family.

Since its birth, Mu's surname has been developing and expanding in the long river of history, and all ethnic groups and surnames have been joining. According to the Records of Shu Wei Guanshi, in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Qiu Muling, a Xianbei family in the Northern Wei Dynasty, went south with Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty and settled in Luoyang, changing its surname to Mu, which became an important branch of Mu. Mutipo, a native of Beiqi, was originally named Luo. After she entered the palace with her mother, she was very popular with the emperor at that time. Because the queen's surname is Mu, she took the queen's surname and changed her name to Mu. Mutipo was once a servant of Zhongcheng and Shangshu, commanding the general, and was named King of Chengyang County. * * * Many Chinese translations of Confucian classics have the word "Mu" or "Mu", and many of these Confucian classics were later changed to Mu surname; During the Song Dynasty, some Jews who settled in China were given the surname Mu; After foreigners came to China, China took Mu as his surname. For example, Polish astronomer Nikolai Smogo lenski (161656) came to China in 1648, and he was named Munigo. There is a nice word (some scholars think that he was the first person to introduce Copernicus' Heliocentrism to China). After Manchu entered the Central Plains, many Manchu banners also simplified their surnames to Mu. Zoroastrianism in Persia was introduced to China through the Silk Road in the early 6th century. Zoroastrianism was called Zoroastrianism in historical records after Sui and Tang Dynasties, and Zoroastrianism priests were called "Muhu" in Tang Dynasty. Since then, some priests have taken Muhu as their surname.

The migration of Mu surname began in the Spring and Autumn Period. In 609 BC, civil strife occurred in the Song Dynasty, and some Mu families were forced to flee the Song Dynasty and go into exile. Since then, the Mu family has migrated to the whole country. Later, in Chu and Lu, the population of the Mu family appeared. For example, Liu Bang, the younger brother of Emperor Gaozu, had an old friend named Mu, who was called Mu Sheng in history. He once worked as a Chinese medicine practitioner in Chu State, and received great attention, which indicated that Mu had moved from the Central Plains to East China in the late Qin Dynasty and early Han Dynasty. Of course, there are also many descendants of Musheng who survived in the Central Plains. According to the records of Xuchang County in the Republic of China, the descendants of Mu Sheng in Han Dynasty were scattered in Xuchang townships. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Mu family began another migration peak. The Mu surname in the Northern Wei Dynasty was changed from Qiu Muling's surname to Mu's surname in the reform of Emperor Xiaowen in the Northern Wei Dynasty, but the migration of Mu's surname in the Northern Wei Dynasty cannot be counted only from the reform of Emperor Xiaowen. Because Qiu Muling's family was a well-known name in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the people have been exploring the East and the West with the royal family of the Northern Wei Dynasty, so there are countless people in high positions in the family. By the time Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty reformed, Qiu Muling's family had become officials in many places. Therefore, after Qiu Muling's family was changed to the Mu family, the Mu family also spread all over the territory under the jurisdiction of the Northern Wei Dynasty. For example, Mu Chong was the secretariat of Yuzhou (now runan county, Henan Province), and Mu Zhen was the general of Zhennan. In Luoyang City, Henan Province today, he served as the secretariat of Shangshu, the chief ambassador, the general of Zhenbei and the secretariat of Dingzhou. Later, Fengyi County (now Dali County, Shaanxi Province) was renamed the founding Hou, with 500 food cities; After the Northern Wei Dynasty, Mu Ying was appointed as the secretariat of Xiangzhou; In the early Tang Dynasty, Mu was appointed as the prefect (located in the east of Hua County, Henan Province), and Mu's son was appointed as the secretariat of Yinzhou (located in today's Henan Province). Sun Zimu, a former secretary of Chuzhou, moved to Huaizhou (now Qinyang, Henan) in Hanoi. Famous figures include Mu Ning and his son, Mu Ning's grandson, who was the secretariat of Sizhou (later). After the Tang Dynasty, some Mu surnames in Hanoi have moved to other provinces. During the Northern Song Dynasty, an outstanding figure named Mu Xiu appeared in the Mu family. He was not influenced by the splendid style of writing after the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty, and strongly advocated ancient Chinese prose. Su Shunqin, Ouyang Xiu and other literary masters in the Song Dynasty unanimously affirmed his contribution to the creation of the ancient prose movement in the Song Dynasty. "History of Song Dynasty" said that Mu Xiu died in poverty, but at that time, when scholars talked about people who wrote articles, they would definitely mention Mu joining the army. After the Song Dynasty, Mu migrated more widely until it spread all over the country and went to the world.

Since its birth, Mu has produced many talents and made great contributions to the development of the Chinese nation and mankind.

Finally, I want to mention the legendary Yangmen female general Mu. According to historical records, she should be a fictional character, hehe.

Great names in history

Mu Xiu: A native of Song Dynasty, he was born as a scholar during the period of Dazhong Xiangfu. Personality is just an introduction, and I often argue with my friends about academic issues. The tired official English literature joined the army. Scholars at that time were all engaged in the study of temperament, and only he was enthusiastic about ancient Chinese. Because of his outstanding research achievements, he was highly praised by Ouyang Xiu, a great writer at that time. He is the author of Mu's poems.

Mu Ning: Tang Dynasty, official to secret supervisor. He is straightforward and law-abiding. When he was transferred to Yanshan Commandant after he was admitted to Mingjingke, An Lushan rebelled, and he joined forces with the counties to defend the court. Muning's family education is very strict, so that his son is familiar with etiquette from an early age and asks his children not to be rude in everything they say and do. He and Han Xiu are both famous for their strict family education, so there is an idiom to describe a person who has a family education as "the second door of Han Mu".

Mu Xiang: Yishui Order in Ming Dynasty. Scholars in the period of Zheng De. Foreign book "six things" (refers to the six contents of investigating the achievements of local officials: first, opening up fields, second, increasing mouths, third, paying tribute, fourth, stopping thieves, fifth, military and civilians, sixth, writing complaints. ), the content of "Four Knows" (The story of Yang Zhen's refusal to accept bribes in the later Han Dynasty: Changyi made Wang Mi pregnant with ten gold bribes at night, and he said, "Knowing an old friend, I don't know an old friend. Why? " The secret: "Twilight is ignorant." Zhen said, "Heaven knows, heaven knows, I know, and I know. What is ignorance? " ) self-encouragement, political achievements, and supervision of the empire. Speaking loudly and giving advice directly is called "true advice".

Mutibo: Lu's son, whose real name is Luo, is favored by Queen Mu because his mother is his mistress and wet nurse. Introduced as a servant, given the surname Mu, worshipped the official and left the Prime Minister.

In addition, there are celebrities named Mu, including Dr. Mu Sheng in Han Dynasty, Mu Liang and Si Nong Qing Mu in Northern Wei Dynasty, Cheng Muzan in Tang Dynasty, poet and poet Mu Xiuji, rationalist Mu Konghui in Ming Dynasty and general in Qing Dynasty. According to Dai Jiaqi, Song Mugong was the younger brother of Song Gong. So Mu surname and Dai surname are homologous.

Wang Jun Tang Hao

Wang Jun 1

Runan county: The county where Emperor Gaudi of the Han Dynasty lived. It is equivalent to the area south of central Henan Province and north of Huaihe River in Anhui Province.

Henan County: The county where Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty lived. It is equivalent to the area around Luoyang City, Henan Province.

2. Hall number (missing)

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Tong Yonglian, Mu Ancestral Hall

Four-character couplet of Mu ancestral hall

Six things in foreign books;

Back office 4 thousand.

-The General Union of Mu Ancestral Hall written by Anonymous

Quanlian Hall refers to the Ming Dynasty Yishui Mausoleum, which is composed of three people. Zheng De Jinshi, granted Yishui Order. He wrote "six things" outside and "four knowledge" inside, and encouraged himself, and his achievements were heard. He was promoted to Cai's army supervision. Speaking loudly and giving advice directly is called "true advice". The "six things" in the couplets refer to the contents in Notes on Investigating Local Officials' Political Achievements: first, the opening of fields, second, the increase of household registration, third, the payment of taxes and services, fourth, thieves, fifth, soldiers and civilians, and sixth, the summary of ci litigation (see Jin's Official Records). "Four Knowledge" is the allusion of Yang Zhen's refusal to accept bribes at the end of Han Dynasty. Yang Zhenchuan: "Wang Mi is the order of Changyi, and I have an audience with him. In the evening, I survived the earthquake with ten catties of gold. Zhen said,' An old friend knows the gentleman, but you don't know the old friend. "Why," the secret: "Ignorance at dusk." Zhen said,' Heaven knows, Heaven knows, I know, and I know. "What is ignorance?" Come out in shame. "

Five kings are hereditary;

The fourth son became famous.

-The General Union of Mu Ancestral Hall written by Anonymous

Couplets refer to Mu Chong, a member of the Northern Wei Dynasty in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Tuoba GUI, the Emperor of Daowu, was given a round trip when he lived in an isolated department, and has been paid attention to since then. After the establishment of the Northern Wei Dynasty, he took part in the war to unify the north and was appointed king of Yidu. Son Guan Mu, grandson Mu Shou, great-grandson Mu Pingguo and great-grandson Mu Neng are hereditary Yidu kings. Pulled out the crown, in the Ming dynasty, the official was Qiu; Mu Shou, an official of Emperor Mao, was the supervisor of the middle school and the middle school. The second couplet refers to Muning, a native of Hanoi in the Tang Dynasty. During the Anshi Rebellion, he served as an interviewer in Hebei, and when Su Zong was in office, he was supervised by a secretary. He once wrote family instructions and was praised by people. His four sons, Muzan, Mu Zhi, Muyuan and Mu Shang, all became celebrities. Muzan's words are very clear. Xian Zong made observations when he was an official. Mu Zhi, the official of Xianzong calendar, gave things to the secretariat and opened the state; Mu Yuan, whose word is straight and straight, worked as a staff member of Du Dong's stay in Du Ya; Mu Shang, officials supervise suggestions. Their brothers all have famous names, and they are peaceful and simple. At that time, some people compared them to delicious food: Muzan is like cheese, Mu Zhi is like crisp, wood source is like oyster, and Muleward is like rotten milk.

Runan Shize;

Xunzi Jiasheng.

-The General Union of Mu Ancestral Hall written by Anonymous

The All-China Federation refers to Tang Muning, who wrote family instructions to educate various scholars.

Expedition to six provinces;

Be brave for a while.

-The General Union of Mu Ancestral Hall written by Anonymous

The first couplet refers to General Zhan Mu (? -1683), Manchu Huang Zheng Banner. Shunzhi, arise and commander Zhuo Luo stationed in Yunnan, Huguang and other provinces, for Wu Sangui. Sangui died, took the cloud, was expensive, and surrounded Kunming from Beizi Zhangtai. Sangui Sun Shizhen committed suicide, and Yunnan began to pacify. Division also, awarded the Mongolian Zhenghuang Banner commander-in-chief, minister of deliberation. The second couplet refers to the wood of Shangshu in the late Wei Dynasty. In order to serve Yu Lang, Helian Chang was recruited from Wu Taiyan, and was crowned with courage and worshipped as a supervisor. On Mount Emei in Taiwu, a tiger stood out and won it. After that, he joined the white dragon and so on. And Jian' an Gong made meritorious deeds and worshipped the ministers.

Wen Yan;

Home follows the ball.

-Mu's "Ancestral Hall General Union" was written anonymously.

The first couplet was written by Mu Xiuneng in the Northern Song Dynasty, which inherited Liu Kai and praised Han and Liu. The second couplet refers to Tang Muning.

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[Muxing Ancestral Temple Five-character Universal Couplet]

Ask for more than 10 thousand books;

Refusing the enemy for seven nights.

-The General Union of Mu Ancestral Hall written by Anonymous

The first league refers to the post-Wei Si Nong Qing Mu, who was less eager to learn and read widely, but sought to write books and recorded more than 10 thousand volumes. In Wuding, the official is the county magistrate, and finally the minister of agriculture. The second couplet refers to the Song Dynasty, when Damu was sentenced to death in Hubei Province, and when he was the prefect of Hengyang County, the Yuan general invaded without measure, and the soldiers refused for seven days and nights, and the city relied on it. I went to Hubei and was sentenced.

National color wine fragrance;

Tianxiang dyed clothes at night.

-The General Union of Mu Ancestral Hall written by Anonymous

Mu Xiuji, a poet and painter in the Tang Dynasty, was included in the All-China Federation. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, peony bloomed in the inner hall. The emperor asked Xiuji, "Peony poems are widely circulated in Beijing now. Who is the first one? " Xiuji said to himself, "Li Zhengfeng, a calligrapher in China, has a poem saying,' The national color is full of wine, and Ye Xiang is full of dye'." The emperor gave it.

Cheng Xiang Guang Shun;

Express a feeling of celebration.

-Jim wrote "Mu's Ancestral Hall General Union".

This couplet is a poem entitled "The Winter Solstice Day should be given by Zen" written by the poet Jim in the Tang Dynasty.

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【 Mu's Ancestral Hall Seven-character Wanlian 】

The philosophy of guarding props and financial machines;

Have a clear understanding of people when you are polite.

-The General Union of Mu Ancestral Hall written by Anonymous

The All-China Federation published the story of Mu Sheng, a doctor in the Han Dynasty.

Compiling family instructions and promoting ethics;

Writing ancient prose can blow the wind down.

-The General Union of Mu Ancestral Hall written by Anonymous

The first couplet refers to Wei Muning, a native of Yanshan in Tang Dynasty, who wrote family instructions. First, Han Xiu taught his sons and nephews to be strict, and between Zhenyuan and Zhenyuan, Legalists called Han and Mu the second door. The second couplet refers to Yingzhou literature joining the army and Muxiu in Song Dynasty. Yunzhou people. This word is very long. At that time, literati engaged in temperament, which was called independence in ancient times.