Treasure Island is located in Hulin County, Heilongjiang Province. It is on the China side of the center line of the main channel of the Wusuli River on the Sino-Soviet border. Together with the nearby Caneque Island and Qiliqin Island, it has always belonged to China. Since the 1960s, with the continuous deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations, the border guards of the two countries have been constantly rubbing against each other in Zhenbao Island and escalating. On March 2, 1969, more than 70 Soviet border guards, two armored vehicles, a truck and a command vehicle invaded Zhenbao Island, killing and injuring many China border guards. Our island patrol was forced to fight back in self-defense and fought fiercely for an hour, inflicting heavy losses on the invaders. After March 4, Soviet border guards and planes invaded Zhenbao Island again. On March 15, the Soviet Union dispatched more than 200 infantry, more than 20 tanks and more than 30 armored vehicles. Under the cover of aircraft, it launched three consecutive attacks on China soldiers and civilians guarding the island. Our country's commanders and soldiers guarding the island, the militia and the masses cooperated closely and fought hard for 9 hours, repelling the Soviet attack. On March 17, the Soviet Union dispatched 100 infantry and 3 tanks, and once again landed on the island to attack China crazily. Our border guards rose to defend themselves and fought back with heavy artillery fire. China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs protested strongly to the Soviet government three times. This border armed conflict once brought China and the Soviet Union to the brink of war. Subsequently, in Tielekeqin area of Xinjiang, a larger-scale armed conflict occurred between China and the Soviet Union.
Since then, the Soviet military once made a plan to launch a nuclear strike against China. The armed conflict on the border between China and the Soviet Union has intensified China's estimation of the inevitable "Left" in the world war. Preparing for a big battle and preparing for war in an all-round way has become an important guiding ideology of the Ninth National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in April. 1September 1969 1 1 day, Premier Zhou Enlai held frank talks with kosygin, chairman of the Soviet Council of Ministers who returned from Hanoi to attend Ho Chi Minh's funeral and passed through Beijing. 10/0 On October 20th, after the Sino-Soviet border talks were held in Beijing, the Sino-Soviet border conflict began to ease.
Treasure Island is located on Qiliqin Island, 45 kilometers away from Raohe Town, about two hours by boat. It is named because the island is shaped like an ingot. It is 2000m long from north to south, 500m wide from east to west, 200m away from the west coast and 300m away from the Russian coast, with an area of about 0.74km2. China officers and men have been stationed on the island for many years, and have built barracks, the gate of Treasure Island, which is the witness of the historical events of Treasure Island: "Hero Tree".
Treasure island self-defense counterattack
Treasure Island is located on the Chinese side of the center line of the main channel of Wusuli River in Heilongjiang Province, with an area of 0.74 square kilometers. It has always been the territory of China, where local residents have been engaged in production activities for generations, and Chinese border guards have been patrolling this area. Since the early 1960s, with the continuous deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations, the Sino-Soviet border has been in constant trouble. After the mid-1960s, the Soviet Union constantly exerted military pressure and threats on China and provoked troubles on the Sino-Soviet border. From June 1964 to February 1969, the Soviet army provoked more than 4 180 border incidents in the Sino-Soviet border area. After 1967, Soviet border guards began to invade China's Baodao, preventing China border guards from patrolling the island, causing many bloodshed, killing and injuring many border guards in China and arresting fishermen in China. China's border guards strictly carried out the instructions of the China government and the Central Military Commission, showing great restraint and forbearance. However, the Soviet government turned a deaf ear to the solemn protests and warnings of the China government, and the provocative behavior of the Soviet border guards did not converge.
1at 8: 00 on March 2, 969, Chinese border guards sent patrol units to the island to perform patrol tasks. After the Soviet army discovered it, it immediately dispatched more than 70 people, divided into two armored vehicles, 1 military trucks and 1 command vehicles, and rushed from the Soviet territory to Zhenbao Island. After approaching Treasure Island, they formed a battle formation to advance on the Chinese border patrol detachment and inserted a force behind a regiment of the Chinese border patrol detachment. The invading Soviet army ignored the warning issued by the Chinese border patrol troops and suddenly opened fire, killing and injuring six Chinese border patrol personnel. Chinese border patrol troops were forced to defend themselves and fight back. After hearing the gunshots, the Second Chinese Border Patrol Regiment, under the command of the squad leader Zhou Dengguo, dealt a heavy blow to the invading Soviet troops behind the flank. Subsequently, the Chinese border patrol troops launched a counterattack, but they were violently shot by the Soviet Union in the jungle. China's border guards suddenly jumped up in Qingyang and opened fire on Soviet troops in the jungle to attract fire. The Soviets shot him and hit him in the head. Shortly after he fell, he stood up tenaciously and continued to attack the Soviet army with submachine guns until he died heroically. Deputy company commander Chen Shaoguang directed a class to detour to the Soviet side in the jungle, but a Soviet rushed past him and attacked them with two machine guns. Chen Shaoguang commanded the squad to fight back bravely, while bravely rushing to a Soviet machine gun emplacement. At this time, he was seriously injured and still insisted on moving to a favorable position. After knocking out the fire, he fell in a pool of blood. After 1 hours of fierce fighting, the Chinese border guards repelled the Soviet border guards who invaded Zhenbao Island.
/kloc-in the early morning of March, more than 60 Soviet border guards invaded from the northern end of Zhenbao Island under the cover of six armored vehicles. Leng Pengfei, the battalion commander of a certain Chinese frontier defense unit, was ordered to lead a Soviet army that stepped up its platoon to the island to meet the invasion. Around 8 o'clock, the Soviet army launched an attack. Cold battalion commander calmly commanded, adhered to favorable terrain, and commanded some troops to divide the Soviet Union. After an hour of fierce fighting, the Soviet attack was repelled.
At 9: 46, under the cover of artillery fire, the Soviet border guards dispatched six tanks and five armored vehicles to approach Zhenbao Island, launched an attack from the north and south sides, and blocked the branches of the river with intensive firepower to prevent Chinese border guards from landing on the island for support. Yang Lin, the captain of recoilless gun, who stood at No.2, occupied favorable terrain to stop the Soviet army. When the Soviet tank approached only 10 meters away, he threw five grenades in succession, which disrupted the formation of the Soviet army and caused one of its tanks to burst into the minefield and be blown up. Yang Lin's two artillery squads fired mobile guns. He hit three armored vehicles in a row, but was unfortunately killed by Soviet tank fire.
13: 35, Soviet border guards violently attacked China's defensive positions, with a frontal area of 10 km and a depth of about 7 km. Two hours after the shelling, more than 100 Soviet troops launched the third attack under the cover of 10 tanks and 14 armored vehicles. Chinese border guards guarding the island separated their infantry from armor and tanks and fought closely with the Soviet Union, weakening their firepower. Rocket launcher Hua Yujie is getting braver and braver. In the ice and snow at MINUS 30 degrees, he took off his cotton-padded sweater and destroyed and wounded four Soviet armored vehicles. After more than 50 minutes of fierce fighting, the third attack of the Soviet border guards was successfully shattered.
On this day, the Soviet army dispatched more than 50 tanks, armored vehicles and 100 infantry, and under the cover of helicopters and deep artillery fire, shelled the deep areas of China. Chinese border guards fought fiercely with the invading Soviet army for more than nine hours, withstood six sudden shelling by the Soviet border guards, repelled three attacks by the Soviet border guards, and successfully defended Treasure Island.
17, Soviet border guards dispatched more than 70 infantry to lay mines on the island in an attempt to prevent China border guards from landing on the island and drag back a T-62 tank stranded in Jiangcha after being damaged by China border guards. The Chinese border guards repelled it with artillery fire, and the damaged Soviet tanks were seized by the Chinese border guards, which became ironclad evidence of Soviet aggression against China.
In the self-defense counterattack of Zhenbao Island, the Chinese border guards were fearless in the face of the advanced tanks and armored fighting vehicles of the Soviet Union, carried forward the revolutionary heroic spirit of "one is not afraid of suffering, and the other is not afraid of death", adopted flexible tactics, and safeguarded the sovereignty and dignity of the country with blood and life. In the battle, the people actively supported the front line and ensured the victory of the counterattack. In recognition of the heroic deeds of Heilongjiang frontier officers and soldiers, the Central Military Commission issued an order on July 30th, awarding 10 the title of "combat hero" to/0/0 officers and soldiers, such as Du Yongchun, Hua Yujie, Zhou Dengguo, Leng Pengfei, Sun, Chen Shaoguang, Wang and Yu Qingyang, and giving 10 to frontier officers and soldiers, such as reconnaissance company, company and public security frontier station.
1969 The border conflict between China and the Soviet Union was one of a series of armed military confrontations between the people of China, China and the Soviet Union at the climax of the breakdown of Sino-Soviet relations in the 1960s. Almost led to the war between the Soviet Union and the people of China and China.
1964 After the failure of Sino-Soviet border negotiations, especially 1968, when the Soviet Union invaded Czechoslovakia ("Prague Spring" incident), China put forward the theory of "limited sovereignty", which was considered as an extremely serious challenge to a country's sovereignty. Today is the Czech Republic, and tomorrow may be China.
After China and the Soviet Union broke off diplomatic relations, from 1967 to the beginning of 1969, the patrols of the two sides on the island were in constant bloody conflicts.
1After the Wusuli River was frozen at the end of 968, Zhenbao Island became the focus of Sino-Soviet conflict. Soviet border guards landed on the island many times, intercepted the Chinese border patrol on the island, injured Chinese border patrol personnel, and even shot and provoked. At the beginning of 1969, China decided to fight back in self-defense. On March 2, the first armed conflict between China and the Soviet Union took place in Zhenbao Island. In the face of the Soviet armed intervention that intercepted the Chinese border patrol on the island, China's capable squad, which had been hiding on the China side of Zhenbao Island, was ordered to meet. The fighting lasted for more than 30 minutes, with dozens of casualties on both sides, and the remnants of the Soviet army withdrew from Zhenbao Island. Chen Xilian, then commander of shenyang military area command, recalled: "This self-defense counterattack of Zhenbao Island was indeed approved by the central government and was fully prepared." At that time, preparations were being made to hold the Ninth National Congress in communist party, China, and the heads of major military regions had all arrived in Beijing. Therefore, the Central Military Commission opened a room in Jingxi Hotel and set up a special line. He was responsible for direct contact with the front line. Vice Foreign Minister Joe is responsible for mastering international intelligence, reporting to him at any time, and making the final decision. In the first battle, we prepared for two or three months, and transferred three reconnaissance companies from three armies, one with 200 to 300 men, led by staff officers with operational experience, for special training and equipment, and played neatly.
1March 2, 969 and1March 5, 99, the border guards of China and the Soviet Union clashed on an island on the Wusuli River (China called it Treasure Island and the Soviet Union called it Damansky Island). Soviet troops used tanks, armored vehicles, planes, and then "secret weapons"-hail rockets. The PLA used anti-tank guns, recoilless guns, 40 rockets and other light weapons and deep artillery fire on the shore. Colonel leonov, the captain of the Soviet Iman Frontier Corps, was killed, and a Soviet T-62 tank was damaged, which was towed back to Beijing for exhibition by Chinese border guards.
After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russia announced that 58 people were killed and 94 injured in the Soviet Union. According to figures released by China, 29 Chinese border guards were killed, 62 were injured and 65,438+0 were missing.
This battle was called "Defence of Treasure Island" by the Chinese side. After the fighting, both China and the Soviet Union assembled a large number of troops on the riverbank.
China issued a statement 1969 on May 24th: It is not China's responsibility that the Sino-Soviet border issue has evolved to this day. However, China is still willing to solve the Sino-Soviet border issue comprehensively through peaceful negotiations and opposes resorting to force. The Soviet Union issued a statement on June 1969 and 13, saying: Although the czar's autocratic system collapsed, the borders of Russian countries should not be destroyed, and the czar never signed any unequal treaties with China.
On the border conflict, the armed conflict in the Sino-Soviet border area expanded from the eastern section to the western section. On August 13 of the same year, armed conflict broke out again between China and the Soviet Union in the western border area of Tielekti. Soviet troops dispatched helicopters to cover tank armored units, and with the support of artillery fire, attacked the patrol detachment of Chinese border guards patrolling in Tielekti area. Dozens of China border guards (38 said, 78 said) were besieged and all were killed.
September 1969 kosygin, President of the Soviet Council of Ministers, attended the funeral of Ho Chi Minh, president, Vietnam, and passed by Beijing to meet Zhou Enlai and others. After that, the situation eased. The main reason is that the Soviet Union decided that China has the nuclear counterattack capability, and both sides are willing to prevent large-scale military conflicts.
According to the understanding reached during the talks,1October 201969 10, the Sino-Soviet border negotiations were formally held, and no progress was made in the negotiations. The Soviet Union sent more troops to the Sino-Soviet border. China has launched a nationwide campaign of "digging deep pits to accumulate grain".
On April 27, 2005, the National People's Congress approved the Supplementary Agreement on the Eastern Section of the Sino-Russian Border. On February 20, 2005, the Russian State Duma voted to approve the agreement. According to the agreement, Treasure Island is the territory of China.
Today, the Treasure Island incident has a double meaning. It is not only a sign that China and the Soviet Union are on the verge of war and the relationship between the two countries is irreversible; At the same time, it also provides an opportunity for the restoration of Sino-US relations. China's consistent anti-American stance changed rapidly, and the United States responded positively to it, and China and the United States quickly began to approach the dialogue. Many people didn't understand this at that time. The Albanian Production Party even criticized China's right deviation. Nevertheless, Mao Zedong said confidently, "I am a right opportunist. What can you do to me? "