It's getting bigger.
Thinning bit by bit.
It's getting more and more expensive.
Little by little. . .
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This is a joke. The following is the text. . .
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Development history of hard disk
The birth and development of hard disk are inseparable from IBM.
1940s and 1950s: the era of magnetic recording.
1June, 949 When music records were all 78 rpm vinyl records, radio broadcasting mainly relied on wire recorders, and magnetic tapes were just born in the laboratory and were only used for a few radio programs. At that time, data processing technology was used to store data on perforated paper tape. As for tape reels, cassettes and programmable computers, it's just science fiction.
Magnetic recording technology is still an unexplored field in 1949. The first half-inch tape drive in data processing industry-IBM? 726 tape unit, period 1952, 65438+February 20th to 65438+February 28th 0955, with? IBM？ 70 1? Defense? Calculator? Delivered to the customer together. At that time, 65,438+06 companies were willing to take the risk of transplanting the data on punched cards to immature tapes. The list of these 16 companies is as follows (in order of delivery time):
IBM global headquarters?
University of California Los Alamos Laboratory?
Lockheed (Lockheed Martin Group, the largest aviation military enterprise in the world)?
Federal National Security Agency?
Douglas Aircraft Company (now incorporated into Boeing)?
General electric company (GE)?
Cornwall Aircraft Manufacturing Company?
United States navy
United Airlines?
North American Airlines?
Rand company (a famous think tank in American military and political circles)?
Boeing aircraft company
United States Navy Aviation Logistics Department?
University of California Livermore Laboratory?
General Motors Corporation
U.s. weather service
September 1956: The first hard disk was born.
An engineering team of IBM showed the world the first disk storage system IBM? 350? RAMAC (random? Visit? Method? Yes? Accounting? And then what? Control), its total capacity is only 5MB, but it uses 50 disks with a diameter of 24 inches. These disks are coated with a layer of magnetic substance, stacked and fixed together, and rotate around the same axis. Its magnetic head can be directly moved to any storage area on the disk, thus realizing random storage successfully. The data density per square inch on the disk is only 2000 bit (8 bit = 1 byte), and the data throughput is as high as 1. 1 KB/s ... At that time, this RAMAC was mainly used in aircraft reservation, automatic banking, medical diagnosis and aerospace fields. Compared with the current mainstream hard disk 100GB capacity and the maximum data transmission rate of 100MB/s, it is really pitiful. Nevertheless, as the first hard disk in the world, it laid a solid foundation for the development of hard disk and initiated a new era of data storage. However, the huge volume and inefficient performance of the first hard disk make users or manufacturers feel very inconvenient.
1968: Winchester technology was born.
1968, IBM made persistent efforts, developed "Winchester" technology, and carried out major reforms on hard disk technology. Winchester technology is characterized in that all components are sealed and fixed, the plated disk rotates at high speed, the magnetic head moves along the radial direction of the disk, and the magnetic head is suspended above the high-speed rotating disk without direct contact with the disk.
This is also the prototype of most modern hard disks.
1973: The first Winchester hard disk was born.
This year, IBM manufactured the first hard disk with Winchester technology, successfully realized the conversion from technology to product, achieved a breakthrough in hard disk manufacturing, and laid a correct structural foundation for the development of hard disk technology. It is still 14 inch and consists of two independent disks (a fixed disk and a removable disk), each with a capacity of 30MB. Winchester hard disk used a closed internal environment for the first time, and further developed pneumatic head technology to shorten the distance between the head and the disk to 17 micro-inch. Although today's hard disk capacity is as high as several hundred GB, it still does not break away from the working mode of Winchester hard disk, and still adopts many technologies at that time, so Winchester hard disk can be called "the father of modern hard disk".
Most of the hard disks that people use now are extensions of this technology. ?
1979: IBM invents thin film magnetic head.
IBM company once again walked in the forefront of hard disk development technology and invented Thinfilm magnetic head (thin film? Head), which makes it possible to further reduce the size of the hard disk, increase the capacity and improve the reading and writing speed.
In the same year, AlanShugart and FinisConner, two employees of IBM, left IBM to set up Seagate Company and developed a hard disk drive the size of a 5.25-inch floppy disk drive. The following year, Seagate released the first hard disk suitable for microcomputer, with a capacity of 5MB and a volume similar to that of floppy disk.
In the late 1980s, IBM invented MR magnetic head.
This is another important contribution of IBM to the development of hard disk. This kind of magnetic head is very sensitive to signal changes when reading data, which makes the storage density of the disk increase by dozens of times compared with the previous 20MB per inch.
199 1 year: IBM produces 3.5-inch hard disks, and the hard disk capacity reaches 1GB for the first time.
The 3.5-inch hard disk produced by IBM (using MR head) makes the capacity of hard disk reach 1GB for the first time, and then the capacity of hard disk enters GB order. ?
1999: There is an ATA hard disk with a height of 10GB in the storage space of each disk.
On September 7th of that year, Maituo announced that the first ATA hard disk reached 10.2GB per disk storage, thus bringing the capacity of the hard disk into a new milestone.
2000: High-speed hard disk came out; New material hard disk was born.
On February 23rd, Seagate released Cheetah? X 15 series hard disk, with a average seek time of only 3.9ms, can be regarded as the fastest hard disk in the world at present, and it is also the highest speed hard disk so far; Its performance is equivalent to reading a whole Shakespeare in only. 15 seconds. The internal data transmission rate of this series of products is as high as 48MB/s, the data cache is 4~ 16MB, and it supports Ultra 160/m? SCSI and optical fiber? Channel (Fibre Channel), which increases the external data transmission rate of hard disk to160 MB ~ 200 MB/s. Generally speaking, this ("Jaguar") cheetah of Seagate? X 15 series promotes the performance of hard disk to a new milestone. ?
On March 16, 2000, there was a new breakthrough in the field of hard disk, and the first "glass hard disk" came out. This is the desktop star? 75GXP and Deskstar? 40GV, both hard disks use glass instead of traditional aluminum as the disk surface material, which can bring greater smoothness and higher robustness to the hard disks. In addition, the glass material has higher stability at high speed. Besides, Deskstar? The maximum capacity of 75GXP series products reached 75GB, which was the largest hard disk at that time, while Deskstar? The data storage density of 40GV is as high as-0/43 billion data bits per square inch/kloc, setting a new world record for data storage density.
200 1: a new magnetic head technology
At this time, almost all hard disks adopt GMR, and the latest technology is the fourth generation GMR head technology. In addition, there is a magnetic head technology called TMR (Tunneling Magnet Resilient), which was successfully trial-produced by TDK Company using TMR thin film, and a hard disk device was manufactured. It is reported that the regenerative output and areal density of TMR head are the same as those of GMR head. ?
2002: a great technological revolution in the true sense
IBM？ AFC technology (commonly known as "fairy dust") is really practical, breaking through the storage density limit of-0/00GB per square inch/kloc. This means that in the next 10 years, the hard disk capacity will not be greatly improved.
Serial ATA (serial? ATA) technology launched Serial in Seagate? After Cool Fish V adopted ATA interface, Maituo, IBM and Western Digital also launched similar products.
By 2003, serial? ATA has replaced the traditional hard disk as the mainstream, and the hard disk with the capacity exceeding 100GB has quickly entered the ordinary PC.