Capital Chang 'an
There are 12 monarchs.
Liu Bang, the founding monarch, founded the country (peasant uprising at the end of Qin Dynasty) (202 BC)
Liu Ying-the demise of the monarch (Wang Mang proclaimed himself emperor) (8 years)
The Western Han Dynasty, also known as the pre-Han Dynasty, was a dynasty in ancient China. Together with the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was the first powerful and stable dynasty in China.
In the first 206, Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang claimed to be Hanwang, and in the first 202, he claimed to be the emperor, establishing the Han Dynasty and making Chang 'an its capital. In 8 years, Wang Mang proclaimed himself emperor, changed his title to new, and the Western Han Dynasty perished, totaling 2 10 years. If you don't count emperors such as Lv Zhi, Shaodi and Changyi Wang who were in office for less than one year, the Western Han Dynasty experienced 12 emperors. Some people count the reformed emperor who overthrew Wang Mang as the Western Han Dynasty, so that the demise of the Western Han Dynasty was in 26 years.
The Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-8 AD) was the first unified and powerful empire in China. In the nearly 400-year history of Han rule, through a series of political and economic reforms, the national strength is strong and the people are happy, showing a scene of peace and prosperity. During this period, China has been standing in the world as a world power.
At the end of Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang supported Chu Huaiwang's anti-Qin campaign. After several years of fighting, Liu Xiangjun seized the world, and Xiang Yu abandoned Wang Huai as the overlord of the place of Chu, and enfeoffed the land of the world to dozens of princes, among whom Liu Bang was named Hanwang and Nanzheng. However, Liu Bang was not satisfied with living under Xiang Yu. With the help of counselors, Xiao He, general Han Xin and others, he defeated Xiang Yu in 202 BC and ascended the throne, with the title of Han, with Chang 'an as his capital, and became Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.
During the seven years of Emperor Gaozu, Han Xin, Ying Bu, Peng Yue and other generals were deprived of their military power and titles, so as to weaken the power of princes with different surnames and strengthen centralized rule. At the same time, he formulated a series of political policies of "sharing interest with the people", which consolidated his rule and laid the foundation for the strong prosperity of the Han Dynasty. 159, Gao Zuqiu was transferred to Liu Ying, Hui Di, but at this time, the regime was actually in the hands of Lv Zhi, the Queen of Henkel. Lv Hou reigned for 16 years and was one of the few female rulers in China history. Before 183, Liu Heng ascended the throne as Wendi, and both he and Jingdi (son of Wendi, former 156- 143 reigned) continued to implement the policy of "sharing interest with the people" formulated by Gaozu, reducing people's taxes, making the economy of the Han Empire prosperous, people's lives stable and national strength greatly enhanced. Historians call this stage.
Through the "rule of cultural scene", the national strength of the Han Dynasty gradually became stronger. 14 1 years ago, Jingdi died and his son acceded to the throne. Liu Che is also one of the famous emperors in Chinese history. During his reign, Wei Qing and Huo Qubing defeated the Huns, expanded the rule of the Western Han Dynasty, and ensured the economic and cultural development of the northern Han region. However, after years of fighting, the national strength declined, so Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty called a truce in his later years and vigorously developed agriculture, so that the economy of the Western Han Dynasty continued to develop. Zhao, the son of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, inherited his father's policy, continued to practice inaction politics and developed the economy, which brought the peak of the Western Han Dynasty.
After Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty (reigned in 73-48 years ago) implemented the policy of "sharing interest with the people" for 38 years, the national strength of the Western Han Dynasty increased, but at the same time, the local power also increased, which seriously affected the rule of the Han Empire, from (reigned in 48-32 years ago) to becoming an emperor (reigned in 32-8 years ago) and mourning the emperor (reigned in 6 years ago). When Liu Ying ascended the throne, North Korea's power had fallen into the hands of Wang Mang's consorts. In the eighth year, Wang Mang usurped the throne and changed his title to a new country, ending the Western Han Dynasty's rule over China.
The Western Han Dynasty was one of the more powerful empires in China's history. Rulers focus on agricultural development, and have been practicing the policy of "rest and recuperation" throughout the ages. The people have plenty of food and clothing and live and work in peace and contentment, so the politics of the Han Dynasty has been relatively stable. During the Liang Wudi period, Minister Dong Zhongshu put forward the proposal of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone", which was adopted by Liang Wudi. Since then, Confucianism and Confucianism have formed the general plan of governing the country that China has followed since the Han Dynasty. Due to political and economic stability, handicrafts, commerce, humanities and arts and natural sciences have all developed by leaps and bounds. With the improvement of science and technology, the production efficiency of handicraft industry dominated by metallurgy and textile in the Western Han Dynasty has been greatly improved. Take textile as an example, there were embroidery machines that were close to forming in the Western Han Dynasty, which showed that some production at that time was separated from pure manual labor and improved productivity. The development of handicraft industry has promoted the prosperity of commerce, and many commercial cities have been formed with Chang 'an as the center, and diplomatic and commercial exchanges with western Asian countries have been opened up through the Silk Road.
In the field of humanities and arts in Han Dynasty, an outstanding great historian-Sima Qian appeared. He completed China's first general history "Historical Records", which was praised by later generations as "a masterpiece of historians, with no rhyme in Li Sao". In addition, the artistic level of the Han Dynasty reached a fairly high level. Judging from some cultural relics unearthed from Han tombs in recent years, their workmanship and craftsmanship are as fine as today. For example, the pottery figurines with hoes unearthed in Guanghan, Sichuan, and the wooden boat model of Han Dynasty unearthed in Guangzhou are all rare art treasures with fine craftsmanship.
In the Western Han Dynasty, since the founding of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, it has gone through fourteen generations (including Wang Mang's new dynasty) for more than 230 years, making China once a powerful and wealthy empire. Therefore, the Western Han Dynasty is regarded as the first revival in the history of China.