During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the enfeoffment system collapsed and the centralization system was established. During this period, the use of iron farm tools and the gradual popularization of Niu Geng led to the original state-owned land ownership being gradually replaced by private land ownership, and two opposing classes of landlords and peasants appeared.

With the growth of economic strength, the emerging military landlord class demanded corresponding political rights, which caused changes in social order. Therefore, there are demands for political reform, the development of feudal economy and the establishment of landlord class rule. Countries have set off political reform movements, such as the Li Kui Reform of Wei State and the Wuqi Reform of Chu State.

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Shang Yang's political reform was a successful political reform in ancient China, which made A Qin a powerful country, laid the foundation for the unification of the six countries in the future, and determined the idea of rule of law.

Shang Yang absorbed the experience of Li Kui, Wuqi and other Wei Chu legalists, combined with the specific situation of Qin State, further developed the legalist policy, and later came from behind and made great achievements.