According to the carcinogenic principle of Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter pylori does not need to be eradicated at random. The biggest reason for eradicating Helicobacter pylori is that it can effectively prevent gastric cancer and reduce the incidence of atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer and other diseases. The carcinogenic principle of helicobacter pylori.
The carcinogenic principle of Helicobacter pylori 1 Helicobacter pylori (infection) is in the list of carcinogens.
Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium, actually has a long history. Its relationship with human beings can be traced back to 5300 years ago. 199 1 year, a bronze age human mummy was accidentally found in a glacier. Scientists found evidence of helicobacter pylori infection in his stomach. The history of human understanding of Helicobacter pylori is also tortuous and long. In the early days, people always thought that gastric juice was a strong acid environment and bacteria could not survive. Until 1875, a German anatomist found spiral bacteria in gastric mucosa. In the following 100 years, many doctors or scholars all over the world discovered and reported this spiral bacteria on the surface of gastric mucosa, but for various reasons, they all passed by the discovery of Helicobacter pylori.
From 65438 to 0982, Robin Warren, an Australian pathologist, cooperated with Barry Marshall, a physician, and finally successfully isolated and cultured this spiral bacteria in the laboratory. However, their research results were questioned by mainstream doctors in medical field at that time. Dr. Marshall hit a wall everywhere, and in a rage, he personally drank a cup of culture solution containing a lot of Helicobacter pylori. A few days later, he successfully induced acute gastritis on himself. In the following 10 years, with the confirmation of more and more large-scale clinical trials, the concept of medical field began to change gradually. 1994, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) issued guidelines, acknowledging that most peptic ulcers are caused by Helicobacter pylori infection and suggesting antibiotic treatment. In 2005, Marshall and Warren won the Nobel Prize in Medicine for this discovery.
Helicobacter pylori is related to carcinogenesis.
Helicobacter pylori mainly exists in the stomach and duodenum of human body, and is clearly considered as the pathogenic factor of common diseases such as peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, chronic gastritis and dyspepsia. With the promotion of environmental pathogenic factors, it will accelerate the excessive proliferation of mucosal epithelial cells, leading to distortion and canceration.
The occurrence of gastric cancer is a long-term, chronic and multi-stage process. In countries and regions around the world, many large-scale population interventions and follow-up studies have confirmed that eradication of Helicobacter pylori can effectively reduce the incidence of gastric cancer by 30-40% and promote the reversal of gastric mucosal lesions. Even in patients with gastric cancer or gastric adenoma, eradication of Helicobacter pylori can still reduce the incidence of metachronous gastric cancer (the second primary gastric cancer with an interval of more than 6 months) by 50%. But being infected with Helicobacter pylori does not mean that it will become gastric cancer. Studies have shown that the probability of gastric cancer caused by Helicobacter pylori infection is five in ten thousand. It exists objectively, but it doesn't mean that cancer will really "come", so don't be too alarmed.
The route of transmission of Helicobacter pylori is very simple, that is: eating.
Dirty tableware, undercooked steak, sashimi, etc. Even kissing can be transmitted by infected people ... Children are usually transmitted by their elders who live together. * * * Use tableware cups, mouth-to-mouth feeding, etc. Is the most favorable means of bacterial invasion. Just a few days ago, researchers in the United States found that Helicobacter pylori can also be hidden under the legs and wings of flies. Don't eat food favored by flies.
What are the signs of Helicobacter pylori infection?
1. Helicobacter pylori can induce gastric acid secretion, leading to gastric acid reflux and nausea.
2. Stomach ache. In the era of fast-paced life, I believe many people have experienced gastrointestinal discomfort, but it has also become a "symbol" of contemporary young people's struggle.
3. bad breath. Bad breath can be said to be the most direct result of Helicobacter pylori crazy reproduction attack.
If these three symptoms appear, don't think the kitten is ill, go to the hospital for examination.
Treatment of helicobacter pylori
The simplest method for detecting Helicobacter pylori is C 14 and C 13 breath test, and gastroscopy can also be done.
If peptic ulcer and chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori are found, the general method is to take medicine to eradicate bacteria. Antibiotic therapy for ulcer healing usually takes two weeks to remove bacteria. Such as traditional triple therapy and improved quadruple therapy. We can take measures to prevent Helicobacter pylori infection in life and behavior, that is, wash our hands before and after meals, try to use separate meals, disinfect tableware frequently, don't feed children mouth to mouth, and maintain good hygiene habits.
Controversy about Helicobacter pylori
But if Helicobacter pylori is found, but there are no symptoms and the body is in good health, do you still need to take medicine to eradicate it? This issue has also caused a lot of controversy in recent years.
Many studies have found that Helicobacter pylori can effectively reduce the incidence of autoimmune diseases such as asthma, gastroesophageal reflux and rhinitis. Killing or not really depends on everyone's own gastrointestinal state. When a large number of antibiotics are used to kill Helicobacter pylori, it will also affect people's own health.
In any case, we know that although Helicobacter pylori will harm our stomach, it may not necessarily cause cancer. However, carriers must go to the hospital in time according to their own conditions and listen to the doctor's advice and treatment.
The carcinogenic principle of Helicobacter pylori 2 The probability that Helicobacter pylori causes gastric cancer is 1%. Helicobacter pylori is one of the main high-risk factors leading to gastric cancer, which means that Helicobacter pylori infection will increase the chances of developing gastric cancer, but it is not only Helicobacter pylori infection that will lead to gastric cancer. Helicobacter pylori infection is detected and can be eradicated by active treatment. If Helicobacter pylori survives in the stomach for a long time, it will aggravate the erosion of gastric mucosa, and chronic gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric cancer and so on may appear for a long time.
Helicobacter pylori has been with humans for more than 50 thousand years
It is reported that Helicobacter pylori spread from Africa with the migration of prehistoric humans 58,000 years ago. This shows that Helicobacter pylori did not appear in modern times, but it was not discovered before because of the backwardness of medical technology. It is our "old friend".
Since it has been with us for tens of thousands of years, is it really good to remove Helicobacter pylori at will like today? The researchers gave the answer through a large number of experiments: the benefits of eradicating Helicobacter pylori are not absolute, and the process of eradicating Helicobacter pylori may cause gastrointestinal flora disorder, lead to the increase of other pathogenic bacteria and increase the risk of intestinal infection.
To eliminate Helicobacter pylori, we should weigh the advantages and disadvantages.
Through the above introduction, we know that Helicobacter pylori does not need to be eradicated at random, so when we face patients infected with Helicobacter pylori, we should weigh the advantages and disadvantages before deciding whether eradication treatment is needed.
The biggest reason for eradicating Helicobacter pylori is that it can effectively prevent gastric cancer and reduce the incidence of chronic gastric diseases such as atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcer. We have sufficient evidence to prove that the eradication of Helicobacter pylori can reduce the incidence of gastric cancer at different stages. Professor Sugano, an authoritative expert in the industry, pointed out that the eradication of Helicobacter pylori can reduce the risk of gastric cancer by 54%, and about 4.3% (480/ 10 ~ 149) of the control group developed gastric cancer in 2005.
However, considering that the pathogenesis of gastric cancer is multifaceted, we cannot emphasize the role of eradicating Helicobacter pylori in preventing gastric cancer alone, so experts have summarized which groups need to actively eradicate Helicobacter pylori:
1, suffering from chronic atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer, MALT lymphoma and other stomach diseases;
2. People with gastric cancer, gastric surgery or related family history;
3. People who intend to take proton pump inhibitors (omeprazole, etc.). ) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin, etc. ) for a long time;
4. Other people diagnosed by gastroenterologists and suggested active radical cure.
As for children, the elderly or people without stomach symptoms, there is no need to be nervous, as long as they continue to pay attention to their health.
Principle of Helicobacter pylori carcinogenesis 3 There are generally four kinds of tests for Helicobacter pylori infection in hospitals, which you can choose according to the actual situation.
1 test is a commonly used carbon 13 breath test method, which needs to be performed on an empty stomach.
The second test is the carbon 14 breath test, which is radioactive and not suitable for some people, so the consequences must be determined before use.
The third test is blood test. This kind of examination method is not limited, but it can only be judged by the method of exhalation.
The fourth kind of examination is the biochemical examination which is seldom used. This is to determine whether there is Helicobacter pylori infection by checking the ingredients in our stool.
Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative bacterium, and it is the only microorganism that can survive in the stomach. Helicobacter pylori mainly lives in the position of gastric mucosa, so it is very difficult to eliminate Helicobacter pylori. At present, there are two methods to detect Helicobacter pylori, blood drawing and breathing, and there is also a biochemical method, that is, gold-labeled urease antigen specimen examination, which has not been popularized, and only some hospitals have it. The mainstream examination method is through blood and breath. Different patients have different examination methods. When examining Helicobacter pylori, be sure to explain the situation to the doctor.
The treatment of Helicobacter pylori is actually very mature at present. For everyone's health, if you find that your stomach is uncomfortable, you must go to the hospital as soon as possible to eliminate the infection of Helicobacter pylori. If there is infection, we must actively cooperate with the treatment and recover as soon as possible to avoid the possibility of gastric cancer.