Ancient Egypt has always been an autocratic and centralized country, and all power belongs to the Pharaoh, including justice, administration, legislation and religion. Pharaoh's kingship was also deified and called the king of God. Under the Pharaoh's rule, there was a set of government agencies, including the central government and local governments, to manage all aspects of the country. The highest official of the central government is Vizier, who is equivalent to the Prime Minister. His power is second only to that of Pharaoh, but it is also comprehensive, supervising and managing all government departments, such as legislation, construction, national defense, investigation and distribution of national resources, conscription, sacrifice and so on. Vesil's position is very important In the ancient kingdom, it was usually held by a prince. After the death of the old king, it could be succeeded by a prince. After the decline of the ancient kingdom, Vesil's position began to be controlled by non-royalty, which began to threaten the Pharaoh's throne. During the Middle Kingdom, the first coup took place in wiesel, and Amunicht replaced Mantuhotep IV, the last Pharaoh of the 1 1 dynasty, and started the 12 dynasty. Later, some pharaohs tried to weaken and disperse Vesil's power, such as building two containers, but Vesil became a pharaoh from time to time.

The central government has the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Finance, the Military Department and other departments under wiesel. The Ministry of Justice is divided into the High Court and the Local Court (Nome Court). The High Court has a president, led by wiesel, and composed of some generals and priests. Mainly dealing with treason, grave robbery, coup and other important cases endangering national security. Each of the 40 Nomes in Egypt has a local court to hear Benom's case, and the national laws are applicable locally. The Ministry of Finance has a finance minister, who is in charge of national finance-related affairs, such as taxation, treasury, land survey, foreign tribute, etc. However, during the new kingdom, the power of the finance minister was gradually transferred to the head of the inner palace, which made the power of the palace override the power of the government. The financial power of the local nome is held by the mayor (Nome), who is responsible for collecting and transporting grain and taxes, and is directly responsible to wiesel. The military departments of ancient Egypt were also developing constantly, but during the period of unifying the ancient kingdom, the Middle Kingdom and the new kingdom, the whole country's military was concentrated, which enabled the Pharaoh to effectively unify the whole country to carry out military operations. In addition, as early as the ancient kingdom period, there was a logistics department in Egypt that managed weapons, military supplies and fortifications-"Ordnance Institute". During the newly developed military kingdom, the army developed into infantry, navy and chariot troops. The national infantry is divided into several military regions (called "Misha"), named after the Egyptian god, and generally has thousands of people. Under the jurisdiction of the company, platoon, squadron, etc. Organized at different levels. Recruits are generally recruited from Egypt and Egyptian colonies for unified training, while veterans are treated favorably by the government, such as distributing land, slaves and livestock. Egypt also has a standing army, which is mainly responsible for the safety of Pharaoh and the palace, equivalent to the palace guard.