Everyone has a last name. There is a saying in China that "there are hundreds of surnames". In fact, there are more than 20,000 surnames in China. The history of China's surname reflects the history of the Chinese nation. When did China's surname come into being? China's surname originated from ancient China society. A long time ago, it was a matriarchal society, and it was the old grandmother of the Chinese nation who created the surname. At that time, people "only knew their mother but not their father". This is a fairly long historical period. In this historical period, it experienced the historical development of clans, tribes, tribal alliances and tribes. So "surname" is the product of matriarchal society. The surnames in Oracle Bone Inscriptions's and Chu's Ci consist of female, born or self and born. This shows that "surname" comes from maternity, or "surname comes from the same blood". Which ancient emperor created China's surname? According to archaeological excavations and written records, the ancestors of Chinese people were from Bagongshan, Huainan, and they lived in ancient society for more than 3 million years. The ancestors of the Chinese nation are three emperors and five emperors. More than 6000 years ago, Taihao Fuxi invented the net, "holding sacrifices", and raised six kinds of animals, ending the eternal hunting society and creating the ancient animal husbandry society in China. With the change of production relations, women's status is lower than that of men, which leads to the "surname" in the patriarchal society. It is the "correct surname" of Taihao Fuxi, the ancestor of Chinese humanity. The word "Zheng surname" comes from the History of Tao and Tai Hao by Miro in Song Dynasty: Taihao Fuxi "Zheng surname, through matchmaking, pays attention to the couples of all people, and recommends them by skin, showing that their surnames are difficult to spell and human feelings are blasphemous." Fuxi's marriage system ended group marriage and disorderly marriage, opened human's pairing marriage, ended human's barbarism and ignorance, and made human move towards civilization. Marriage is an important civilization of human beings, which is related to the endless life of human beings. A big problem is "consanguinity", and consanguineous marriage is not allowed. Marriage system is the basis of correct surname, and correct surname is the premise of marriage system. "Other blood relatives" is an important part of "marriage" and a key to "proper surname". The "original surname" embodies the "consanguinity" of the marriage system and is the continuation of the "marriage system" of human civilization. What is the essence of Fuxi's "proper surname"? The Book of Changes says: "Heaven and earth are great virtues, that is, life, and life is easy." In a word, make the heaven clear. "Endless life" is the core issue of China culture and the Chinese nation. Fuxi's "positive surname" can be divided into "positive surname" and "positive surname" to explain. "Positive surname" means positive heaven, positive nature and positive cosmic law, and human beings are endless. People are born to be human, and people fall from the sky. Confucius once said in The Doctrine of the Mean: "The nature of destiny." Confucius said that human nature is endowed by nature, that is to say, human nature is innate. There's a saying in Guodian bamboo slips, "Pretend to be sexual, and life falls from the sky." What is this "sex"? It is what Confucius called "destiny". That is the endless avenue of the universe. Confucius knew and revealed this masterpiece. This big root is the primary problem of mankind. The primary problem of this human being is "human sexual worship". No sex, not even people. The "surname" of "surname" is actually the "nature" of "human nature", which is metaphysically called sex, and sex is the law and foundation. At the same time, it is also a norm that human beings generally and consciously follow. Later generations created Chinese characters, so "sex" is the combination of "heart" and "destiny". The "surname" of "surname" is a combination of "female" and "destiny". Therefore, "surname" itself not only reflects the endless road of the universe, but also reflects the sexual worship of human beings. "Zhengshi" is the right place. The understanding of "yes" is "residence". Fuxi era entered the primitive animal husbandry era from the primitive hunting era, and it was already a patriarchal society. It can be understood as a tribal village where men live, which means men. The understanding of this habitat should be related to the nests where birds breed, the caves where animals breed and the caves where reptiles breed. "Stone" is a place of endless submission to heaven. Therefore, the essence of "teacher" is endless obedience to heaven, which is a kind of reproductive worship, marking the reproductive worship in a patriarchal society. What does the word "Zheng" in Fuxi's "Zheng" mean? Everything is born to kill, and people are born to kill. The way of life and death is endless. Such as grass and grass, life and death, work at sunrise and rest at sunset. This world is a world of yin and yang. If you want to live, you must have sex. Without sex, there is no endless world. The Book of Changes says: "One yin and one yang are the Tao." Fuxi historically solved this big problem that affects human life: first, count, a man and a woman have sex; Second, order, no promiscuity, abolition of group marriage, promiscuity of close relatives, and implementation of "monogamy"; Third, "surname" is the representative of women, and "surname" is the representative of men. The intercourse between a man and a woman is the best orientation of human beings, and it is the intercourse of the same species and different blood ties, that is, the marriage of different tribes with different surnames. Wrong numbers are called "wrong", and wrong positions are also called "wrong". The "proper surname" is the ancestor, proper name, proper blood relationship, positive number, proper order and justice. This is fully reflected in the gossip. This is the positioning of the Book of Changes. Fire and water shoot, thunder and wind strike, and mountains and rivers take their places. This is the highest ideal state of the laws of the universe, namely "middle", "harmony" and "neutralization". The Book of Rites The Doctrine of the Mean says: "The golden mean is the foundation of the world; He who is in harmony is also in the world. Neutral, the status of Heaven is awkward, and everything breeds. " China is the name of our motherland, and the Central Plains is the name of China Heart. Up to now, people in the Central Plains still use the word "zhong" to express affirmative words such as "good", "yes" and "xing". "China" is "Zhongzheng". "China" is the foundation of the world, that is, "positive" is the foundation and the most correct law in the world. Only when human beings reach the state of "neutralization" can they live in the best state. The essence of Fuxi's "Zhengxing" is Zhengtian, Zhengdi, Zhengren and Zhengren. This embodies the fundamental theory of oriental culture, the cosmology of the unity of man and nature, and the endless essence of Chinese culture and the Chinese nation. Fuxi surnamed Feng. Why? In the gossip, it is the wind, the wind is pervasive, and the wind falls from the sky. The wind word written in countless ways is the word of knowledge, and there is a word "several" on it, which means heaven; Here is the word "worm". Bugs, dragons. "Wind" means dragons in the world. Dragons come from the wind, and wind comes from the sky and the universe. In the gossip of the day after tomorrow, the wind is in the southeast and the twelve places are in the order of gossip of the day after tomorrow. Chen and Si are in the southeast, and Chen Weilong. The third person is a snake. Taihao Fuxi's surname "Feng" illustrates three problems. First, it shows that Taihao Fuxi originated from heaven, that is, from the universe, which shows the source of people; Second, it shows that Taihao Fuxi is a dragon totem, and third, the surname is the product of totem. How did the surnames of China people change? In the legend era of ancient history in China, the Fuxi family of Taihao had no surnames, such as Bai Huangshi, Zhong, Shi, Li, Zunlu Stone, Zhu Rong Stone, Chaos Stone, Shi, You Chaoshi, Ge, Shi, Zhu Shixiang and Wu Huaishi. Ten generations attacked Fuxi's name and all of them were surnames. Fuxi, like the king, lasted for fifteen generations. Yandi Shennong, surnamed Jiang, has no surname; The Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan, surnamed Ji, was twenty-five years old and was given twelve surnames: Ji, You, Si, Qi, Teng, Pregnancy, Xun, Nuo, Ji, Xian and Yi. Xia Dynasty was the first slavery dynasty in China, and the emperor replaced the king. In Xia and Shang Dynasties, surnames did not develop. In the Zhou Dynasty, in order to consolidate his dominant position, the Emperor of Zhou implemented a feudal system, with five titles: public, Hou, Bo, Zi and Gong, and five titles: state, city, township, Guan and Guan. It is stipulated that "officials should not be passed down from ordinary people to saints", and that "countries with the same surname" and "countries with different surnames" were kissed. In the Zhou Dynasty, there were 43 countries with the same surname and more than 50 countries with different surnames. "Surname" is only available to emperors and kings, while "Surname" has become a title of the aristocratic ruling class. Ordinary people have neither surnames nor surnames. According to the statistics of Song Dynasty historians in A Brief History of Clans, there were 65,438+0,745 Feng clans in Zhou Dynasty. "Zhou Fa" lasted for 800 years, and "surnames are different from nobles". Ordinary people are not allowed to have surnames, and people are not allowed to have surnames. Nobles will always be nobles, grandchildren will always be grandchildren, and ordinary people will always be civilians. In the Zhou Dynasty, when people heard their names, they didn't have surnames or surnames, so they must be "ordinary people". The surnames and surnames of the Zhou Dynasty changed qualitatively compared with those of the Chinese legendary era. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Qi, Qin, Yan, Chu, Zhao, Wei and Chen competed for hegemony. When he was in office, he would not follow the feudal system of the Zhou Dynasty. They don't even care about the word Zhou Tian, and the "surname" and "surname" of the Zhou Dynasty have no practical significance. Qin Shihuang "swallowed up six countries in two weeks", unified China, and at the same time abolished "feudalism" and "giving surnames" and implemented "county system". The central government consists of three public officials and nine public officials. He didn't practice hero's seal of the country, nor did he practice kiss of the country. Even his son didn't have an inch of land. For example, Li Si, Prime Minister of Qin Dynasty, General Leitian and Jincon. They are all "ordinary people fill in the household, knowing their surnames but not their surnames." Now that they have become nouveau riche, where will they support Fa Zhou? The "surname" and "surname" in the Zhou Dynasty were just empty shells, which lost their practical significance. China people's surnames and surnames have been integrated since Qin Shihuang, and surnames are surnames. Such as Qin Shihuang, won the surname, that is, his surname. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, surnamed Liu. Even today. Why do China people share the same roots? The Book of Rites Special Sacrifice says: "Everything is based on the sky, and people are based on their ancestors." Speaking of China people's surnames, the first question is the location of the ancestor of the Chinese nation. Ancestors are the root of surnames. The dragon is the national emblem of the Chinese nation. A dragon runs through China for 6,000 years, and a dragon connects the surnames of China. The ancestors of the Chinese nation are three emperors and five emperors. Fuxi is the totem of the dragon, which is undoubtedly known by all kinds of history books and historians. Justice in Historical Records quoted Emperor Century as saying: "Emperor Yan, surnamed Jiang." His mother "You Huayang, there is a faucet, and I feel alive and kicking, Yan Di." This shows that Emperor Yan is a totem of the dragon and a descendant of the dragon. Tai Shigong recorded in Records of the Historian Tianguanshu: "Xuanyuan, Huanglong style." This shows that the Yellow Emperor is also a descendant of the dragon. Huang San's position is the totem of the dragon, and the position of the five emperors is easy to solve. Sima Qian wrote the historical records of the five emperors, starting from the Yellow Emperor, and made clear the relationship between the five emperors. Shao Hao Jintian is the son of the Yellow Emperor, Zhuan Xu Levin is the grandson of the Yellow Emperor, and Di Ku Gaoxin is the great-grandson of the Yellow Emperor. Until Yu Xia, the ancestor of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, they were all descendants of the Yellow Emperor, that is, the descendants of all dragons and Fuxi. From the Han Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, emperors of all dynasties were called "sons of real dragons", and Chinese descendants called themselves "descendants of dragons". Both of them are from the dragon family, with the same surname. What is the ultimate goal of Fuxi's "correct surname"? From the very beginning, the Chinese nation has forgotten its ancestors with countless codes, worshipped their ancestors with "surnames" and respected their ancestors and respected filial piety. This is the endless root of the Chinese nation and Chinese culture. Think of the source when drinking water, never forget the roots, the sky and the ancestors, and talk about filial piety, love and kindness. "Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you." Filial piety, putting yourself in the shoes, loving others as much as parents, stressing filial piety, the commentator said, stressing fatherhood, filial piety, brotherhood and filial piety, so as to make the world full of love, which is the ultimate value of China culture and the ultimate goal of Fuxi's "correct surname". This is the highest realm of "middle", "harmony" and "neutralization" in the Book of Changes. At the same time, it is also the highest realm of Confucianism and the golden mean. This is the cornerstone of family, society, world stability and world peace; This is an inexhaustible wealth left by our ancestors! The revival of a nation is first and foremost the revival of culture. We trace the origin of China people's surnames in order to find and trace Chinese culture, increase national cohesion and meet the great rejuvenation of Chinese culture in the 2 1 century! From here, we can see the historical and practical significance of holding China Surname Culture Festival!