In the process of reform, Wang Anshi carried out the new law with the spirit of "three shortcomings", such as "the change of nature is not enough for fear, the words of people are not enough for sorrow, and the laws of ancestors are not enough for observance", and he broke through many obstacles and persevered, which was called "struggle". Its reform was strongly criticized by the opposition and stopped twice, but its reform determination never wavered. ?
The main contents of the reform are as follows: ① Financial management: the implementation of the young crop law, the law of collection and bidding (tax exemption), the law of irrigation and water conservancy, the law of average transportation, the law of average tax on farmland and the law of easy market, etc. Rectify finance and increase government revenue; (2) Reorganizing the army: implementing Garbo Law, Horse Protection Law and General Art of War; (3) Reform the imperial examination system: reform the content of the imperial examination, abolish the old system of selecting scholars in poetry and fu, increase the examination of justice and strategy, and select the best candidates for the children of officials. ?
Wang Anshi's political reform was a social reform movement initiated by Wang Anshi in Song Shenzong period, aiming at changing the situation of poverty and weakness since the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty. The reform began in the second year of Xining (1069) and ended in the eighth year of Yuanfeng when Song Shenzong died (1085), so it is also called Xining reform and Xifeng reform.
Wang Anshi's political reform aimed at developing production, enriching Qiang Bing and saving the political crisis in the Song Dynasty, with "financial management" and "army consolidation" as the core, involving political, economic, military, social and cultural aspects. It is another massive social reform movement in the ancient history of China after Shang Yang's political reform. To a certain extent, the political reform changed the situation of poverty and weakness in the Northern Song Dynasty, enriched the government's finances, improved the national defense strength, and also cracked down and restricted the illegal profits of the feudal landlord class and big businessmen. However, in the process of carrying out the reform, due to untimely measures and improper operation in actual implementation, the people's interests have also been damaged to varying degrees (such as the Law on Protecting Horses and the Law on Young Crops), and the new law touches the fundamental interests of the big landlords, so it has been strongly opposed by them. The eighth year of Yuanfeng (1085) ended with the death of Song Shenzong.