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Brief introduction of marshal's mansion
19 14 autumn, Zhang began to build this quadrangle with three entrances and four exits and two quadrangles in the north of the west courtyard. Sanjin quadrangle absorbed the architectural features of the palaces in Fengtian City in Qing Dynasty and followed the living customs of Zhang's hometown in southern Liaoning. 19 15 After it is basically completed in autumn, indoor and outdoor decoration will be carried out. 19 16 autumn, the whole family moved into the quadrangle. After the completion of Sanjinyuan, Zhang was promoted to Governor Fengtian. People began to call Zhang the "Forbidden Guard", and those who knew him nearby called him the "Rain Guard" (at that time, China officialdom called provincial governors the Forbidden Guard). Because this newly-built Sanjin quadrangle is not only Zhang's official residence, but also the private residence where his family lives, people used to call it Shuaifu.

Catalogue History Review Layout Structure Overall Structure Main Gate Front Yard One Courtyard Two Courtyards Three Courtyards Carved Big Brothel and Small Brothel Zhao Si Miss Huxi Courtyard Honghu Group Bus Line Online History Review Layout Structure Overall Structure Main Gate Front Yard One Courtyard Two Courtyards Three Courtyards Carved Big Brothel and Small Brothel Zhao Si Miss Huxi Courtyard Honghu Group Bus Line Subway Line Online.

The editor's historical review of this passage is 19 1 1 year. Zhang Wei is the battalion commander of Fengtian Scout Battalion, stationed in Taonan Prefecture. 10 June 10, the Revolution of 1911 broke out in Wuhan. Under the leadership of Zhang Rong and others, the revolutionaries in Fengtian are also brewing an armed uprising. On 26th, Zhang Lingbing went to Fengtian to save Zhao Erxun. Led the troops to live in the afterlife shop in the south of Fengtian. Drive away the blue sky and kill Zhang Rong. Zhang stepped into Fengtian through the blood of revolutionaries, became the deputy minister of military and political affairs of the State Council and the minister of military training outside the 24 th town, and mastered the military power of Fengtian. 1965438+In September 2002, Yuan Shikai appointed Zhang as the member of the 27th Army Division. So, Zhang began to resettle his family and bought an industry. First, at the south gate, I rented an old house on Taironghou, Tian Tong Street. 19 13 bought Ronghou's old house at the end of the year, and also bought the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Guild Hall on the west side. 19 14 summer, two old houses were all demolished. Tickets for Dashuai House: 50 yuan/person

The overall structure of the layout structure of this section edited by Dashuai Mansion is a three-way quadrangle with the north facing south, showing a "net" shape, with blue bricks and tiles, cornices and cornices, animal-kissing ridges, carved beams and painted buildings, red painted colonnade columns, stone drum columns, stone steps, square bricks and stones paved, which are palace-like buildings and brick-wood structures. The hospital covers an area of 3900 square meters. Building 13, including 57 rooms, with a building area of1460m2.

The front yard of the main entrance is a rectangular courtyard with a length of 100 m from east to west and a width of 16 m from north to south. There is the East Garden Gate in the east, the Second Gate in the middle and the West Garden Gate in the west. At the entrance of the main entrance, there is a overhanging eaves with high middle and low sides and a large shadow wall with a back, and the blue bricks are ground densely. There is a piece of white marble in the middle of the screen wall, engraved with the word "Hongxi". The four corners of the screen wall are carved with phoenixes and lions. On the rainy day, there are exquisite brick carving patterns for decoration, which is very majestic. In front of the main entrance, there is a doorstep paved with bluestone slabs, and there are stones on both sides of the doorstep. There are two cases of stone carving holding drums and stones at the main entrance, and a big lion holding a little lion on the bed. The main entrance room consists of seven rooms with a doorway in the middle and a retractable porch in the middle. The upper part of the colonnade is carved with wood carvings, painted birds and bundles of empty flowers. There are two door gods, Qin Qiong and Jingdezhen, painted on the vermilion door leaf, and a horizontal plaque is hung above the inner frame of the door opening. "Governing the country and reassuring the people."

On entering the hospital, a large square slate paved the floor. There are two doorways and three rooms. The east three rooms are the guard room (2 rooms) and the reception room (1 room). The west third room is the electrician room (1 room) and the telephone room (2 room) respectively. On entering the hospital, there are three east and west wing rooms. The East Wing is the financial office inside the Shuaifu, which is in charge of the financial expenses inside the Shuaifu. The west wing is the opening and closing place of Shuai Fu, and there are civil and military opening and closing places. Wen Chengqi receives, reports and introduces all the civil and military officials who come to Shuaifu for business or visit.

On the two corners of the southern end of the wing, you can see that there is also a hexagonal moon door, and there are three wings in each door. The east wing is the kitchen of Shuaifu, and there is a well in front of it for the kitchen in Shuaifu courtyard to use water. Later, due to the increase of Shuaifu staff, five tile houses were built behind the East Garden to connect with the kitchen. The west wing room is the kitchen warehouse and the chef lounge.

The entrance of the first yard is separated from the entrance of the second yard by a high wall 7 meters high and decorated with polished bricks. There is a door with a carved ceiling in the middle, and the square platform is shallow, which is called the vertical flower instrument door. The building of this door is unique. Both doorposts have drum stones with guard posts and stone drum door pillows with stone lions. There is a double wooden shadow wall in the door. The wooden screen can be opened outwards. People who can bypass the cloister on both sides. Yimen here is a place where ceremonies are held when welcoming distinguished guests. In case of an important guest, the wooden screen slammed the door open and Zhang walked out quickly. Guests can climb the stairs from the heavy door it opens and go directly into the courtyard. Shuaifu's staff and ordinary guests came from Mu Ping around the cloister.

The second courtyard enters the second courtyard, which is rectangular and larger than the front yard. It is paved with square bricks and surrounded by four corridors. Thirty straight colonnade rings are arranged on the drum-shaped column base and painted with colorful squares. The courtyard is elegant. The Second Hospital is the place where Zhang works and receives visitors after moving into the hospital. There are 7 main rooms, and the middle room is a hall. There is a carved gatehouse in front of the door. There is a horizontal plaque hanging directly above the gatehouse, which reads "Look at the Great Wall". The three main landlords are Zhang's bedroom and office in turn. There is a corridor on the north side, and there is a small single room at the intersection of the corridor and the bedroom, which is Zhang's bathroom. There are three rooms in the west, two of which are big rooms, a living room and a study.

There are five rooms in the east and west wing, with the hall in the middle of the east wing, the secretary-general room in the south wing and the mail room (that is, confidential secretary room) in the north wing. There is only a gap between the two rooms in the north, and there is no hall. This is an ordinary secretary's office. There is a cloister at the gable of the main room of the Second Hospital, each with a corner gate leading to the Third Hospital, and there is a corner gate at the east fence outside the cloister, leading to Shuaifu Garden and the small brothel of the East Hospital. The corner gate of the East Courtyard is hidden in the cave of rockery in the garden, which is a winding and secluded scene in Shuaifu Garden.

Sanjinyuan Sanjinyuan looks like a binary courtyard, which is the inner courtyard of Shuaifu. Most of Zhang's family members live in this courtyard. There are seven main rooms, and the hall in the middle is dedicated to the ancestral soul of the Zhang family. Zhang's second wife, Lu, lives in the East Room (Zhang's wife, Zhao, died in 19l2, and has not yet entered the Shuaifu). Westinghouse used to live with his third wife, Dai. Later, when his brother was a bodyguard in Shuaifu, he was drunk and shot street lamps, and was reported to Shuaifu by the electric light factory. Zhang shot his younger brother, and Dai became a monk in a rage, and soon died of depression. 19 17 Zhang married Wang Yajun as his fifth wife and changed her name to Zhang Shouyi to live in this room. After the completion of the small brothel, Mrs. Wu took Zhang's eldest daughters to live in the small brothel. The east wing is occupied by the fourth lady, Xu Shi. Comrade Zhang Xuesi was born in this house.

The West Wing is where Zhang Xueliang and Yu Fengzhi live. After the completion of the quadrangle, Zhang Xueliang and Yu Fengzhi held a wedding, and the new house was located in the north house of the west wing. Zhang Xueliang's daughter and three sons were born in this house. There are two wings on the east and west sides of the main room of Sanjinyuan, which are the servant rooms of Shuaifu.

After 1922, the Daqing Building was completed, and Zhang moved into the first floor of the Daqing Building to work. Most of their families also moved into the big brothel, and the Sanjin quadrangle was changed into the office of the patrol embassy. -Shuaifu Intermediate People's Court Building is a typical classical building in China. In details, it not only follows the traditional folk customs of China, but also presents the local customs of Northeast China, especially southern Liaoning. These characteristics are reflected in the sculpture of the building.

The first batch of 26 one-meter-high inkstone carvings were embedded in the dado under the main windows of the Second Hospital and the Third Hospital. There are also many profound stone carvings embedded in the cornerstones of the wing, concierge and gables of the first, second and third hospitals. Most stone carvings are rich and auspicious, with both fame and fortune and historical allusions. Radish, cabbage, eggplant, pepper, sorghum, millet, and even reeds and river crabs rich in Zhangxi and Liaoxi are all carved on stones, bricks and wood to decorate Shuaifu's buildings. There are also several paintings placed in inconspicuous places, but their meanings reveal the ambitions of the owners, and even run counter to the commander-in-chief's practice of taking lions and horses as the central material, and even use dragons as a foil. These stone carvings were created when Zhang was a teacher, but the themes are actually "Eat the world", "Master the world" and "Let foreign countries make money". It has greatly exceeded the general folk customs.

Carving sculptures in Shuaifu, concentrated in three-way quadrangles, these lifelike works are unique in Northeast China. Its quantity, rich content and high artistic level are also rare in the whole country, and it is an important material for studying the government.

Editor's Note: The Daqing Building is the landmark building of Zhang Shuai Mansion. Built in1918-1922, it is a Roman building. Because it is made of blue bricks, it is called Daqinglou. Daqing Building, with a total construction area of 2,460 square meters and a height of 37 meters, was one of the highest points in Fengtian City at that time. The whole building is magnificent, the external three-dimensional relief modeling is vivid and exquisite, and the mural decoration skills of the main rooms inside are unique, which has high artistic value. Daqinglou is a classic of northeast architecture during the Republic of China. As an important office in Northeast China, Zhang and Zhang Xueliang are in charge of it. Daqinglou experienced two direct wars: the change of flag in Northeast China, Yang, frequent execution and military intervention in the Central Plains War. The Tiger Hall here has to mention that a pair of tigers (specimens) stand proudly. "Tiger" was originally given to him by Tang Yulin, a subordinate of "Northeast King" Zhang. This is the Tiger Hall. That is, the place where Yang Yuting and Chang Yinhuai were executed at that time was named after the tiger in the hall. At that time, a tiger specimen is now kept in the school of Tongze Middle School in Shenyang, and the other one has disappeared because of poor preservation. It contains rich historical connotations and is the witness and epitome of the modern history of Northeast China.

[1] Edit Xiaoqinglou This section of Xiaoqinglou is located in the East Courtyard of Zhang Shuaifu. Because it is located in the center of Shuaifu Garden, it has the reputation of "flower house in the garden", and it is a two-story brick-wood structure combining Chinese and western. Built in 19 18, it is made of blue bricks, commonly known as Xiaoqinglou. This was specially built by Zhang for his favorite life in Five Blessingg. Xiaoqinglou, with a building area of 450 square meters, is small and exquisite and unique in shape. The whole building is concave, with two gatehouses in the middle and a veranda balcony on the second floor. Its front is painted with vermicelli columns, carved beams and painted sparrows, which embodies the traditional architectural style of China. Xiaoqinglou's patchwork line carvings, stone-decorated windows and circular parapets on the roof are all typical western styles. Xiaoqinglou is a typical combination of Chinese and western architecture. As the first Western-style building in Zhang Shuaifu, Xiaoqinglou is decorated with a large number of traditional China crafts such as wood carving and brick carving. Twenty-eight woodcarvings of Queti distributed in Xiaoqinglou are mainly plum blossoms, willow branches and orchids. Although the styles are different, they are all lifelike. On the other hand, the brick carvings with strong hanging curtains on both sides of Xiaoqing Building are mainly pine and cypress cranes with far-reaching meanings, decorated with Chinese knots representing auspiciousness and celebration. The whole composition is harmonious, the layout is rigorous and symmetrical, and it has strong artistic appreciation. The most exquisite thing about Xiaoqinglou is that every door and window is decorated with Shi Zhuan carvings. These Shi Zhuan sculptures are dominated by flowers and birds, which are vivid and breathtaking. The exterior decoration of Xiaoqinglou is exquisite, and the interior decoration is equally luxurious. Xiaoqing Building has two floors and five rooms. Among them, the east and west rooms on the first floor are Mrs. Shou's bedroom and living room respectively, and there is a spacious central hall on the second floor besides the east and west rooms. Xiaoqinglou is one of the most representative excellent buildings in modern Shenyang. After Mrs. Shou moved to the small brothel, in order to avoid causing dissatisfaction with other ladies, the clever Mrs. Shou took the daughter of the first lady Zhao Shou Fang, the second daughter of the second lady Lu, the third daughter Huai Qing and the fifth daughter Huai Xi of the fourth lady Xu to live on the second floor of the small brothel, so the early small brothel was also called "Miss Building". 1923, Mrs. Shou learned that Zhang had taken a fancy to Ma Yueqing of Tianbao Troupe in Tianjin, and immediately went to Tianjin to take Ma Yueqing back to Shuaifu, and arranged for Ma Yueqing to live on the second floor of Xiaoqing Building in the name of a personal maid. 1924 After Ma Yueqing gave birth to her daughter Huai Min, the mother and daughter moved to the Daqing Building. Since then, with the marriage of several young ladies, Xiaoqinglou has become the place where Mrs. Shou and her four sons Xue Sen, Xue Ying and Xue Quan live alone. Xiaoqinglou is also an important place for Zhang's daily life. 1On June 4th, 928, Zhang, who was seriously injured in the Huanggutun incident, ended his short and legendary life here. Since the September 18th Incident of 193 1, the use of Xiaoqinglou has changed a lot since Shuaifu was occupied by the Japanese army. First, it was transformed together with the Daqing Building and turned into the Puppet Manchukuo National Library. 1946 In February, after Daqinglou was occupied by the Shenyang Party Department of the Kuomintang, Xiaoqinglou became the private residence of Zhang Baoci, secretary of the Party Department. 1948 after the liberation of Shenyang, Xiaoqing Building was used by Northeast Library, initially as a single dormitory and office, and 1949 was converted into a children's reading room. 1952, Xiaoqinglou was changed to the dormitory of families of Liaoning Writers Association. After 1973, Xiaoqinglou was owned by Liaoning Provincial Library and used as a dormitory for family members. 1990, Xiaoqinglou officially entered the exhibition hall of Zhang Xueliang's former residence. After the renovation, it was opened to the public on 200 1.

Editor's Note: Miss House, commonly known as "Miss House", is located outside the east wall of Zhang Shuaifu Courtyard. It is a two-story building that combines Chinese and western styles. It was named after Zhao Yidi, a confidante of General Zhang Xueliang (known as Miss Zhao Si), who lived here from 1928 to 1930. Zhao Yidi's former residence covers an area of 547 square meters, with a building area of 428 square meters. This is an independent courtyard, quiet and elegant. The whole small building is beautifully decorated and chic. There are not only golden paintings reflecting the traditional style of China, but also distinctive features of European architectural art such as carved colonnade. Its interior furnishings are mainly French furniture, showing luxurious style. 200 1, 10, the "Miss Zhao Si Building" in the exhibition hall of Zhang Xueliang's former residence was completely renovated and officially opened to the public. The restoration and display of reception room, ballroom, dining room, piano room, living room, study room, office and other rooms have truly reproduced the real scene of Miss Zhao Si and General Zhang Xueliang living together, and interpreted their great and touching love story. Zhao Yidi's former residence is not only a historical witness of the "contemporary frost love" between General Zhang Xueliang and Zhao Yidi, but also an important part of the former residence of Zhang Xueliang, a national key cultural relics protection unit, which is a beautiful cultural landscape and fascinating.

Editor's Note: The Red Mansion Group in the West Courtyard is located in the West Courtyard of Shuaifu. The West Courtyard was originally a hall in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, where fellow villagers living in Fengtian, Jiangsu and Zhejiang gathered to do business. * * * There are over 40 rooms. After Zhang bought Ronghou House, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Guild Hall was awed by Zhang's influence and sold the house at a high price. The total area of West Campus11017m2. Later, it was bought by Zhang and built at the same time as the quadrangle of the Intermediate People's Court. There are 7 tile houses in the southern half of the West Courtyard as the headquarters of Shuaifu Guard Camp, the south side of the tile house to Xiyuanmen is the training playground of the guard camp, and 7 tile houses are the headquarters of Shuaifu Guard Camp. The northern half of the west courtyard is separated from the guard camp by a blue brick wall, and two sets of four-in-one courtyards are built in parallel with the east and west. Each courtyard has five main rooms, five concierge rooms and five wing rooms. The two houses have their own portals, with the hutong on the north side of the boundary wall of the guard camp as the same passage, which is connected with the Intermediate People's Court and the Eastern Court. In the north wall of the Intermediate People's Court, there used to be a tennis court, with a large brothel in the east and a quadrangle in the west, belonging to the West Courtyard building. Zhang Xueliang, who loves tennis, often leads his brothers and sisters to play here. On the west side of the courtyard in the West Courtyard, Zhang Xuecheng and Zhang Xuecheng, the wife and children of Zhang's second brother, live. Zhang * * * has three brothers, the eldest brother Zhang Zuotai died of illness in his early years, and the second brother has deep feelings for Zhang. Unfortunately, he was killed in a battle with bandits in 1909. Since then, Zhang has assumed the responsibility of supporting his sister-in-law and children, taking learning and writing as his own business and enlightening with his good brothers. Sadly, after the September 18th Incident, Zhang Xuecheng went his own way and acted as a traitor, doing many bad things that insulted the country's righteousness and damaged the reputation of the Zhang family. Zhang Xueliang personally ordered Huang Xiansheng to destroy him in Gaoshanzi, Beizhen. On the east side of the West Courtyard, there lived Zhang Xueliang's younger brothers. Zhang has married six people in his life and had eight men and six women with * * *. His sons are Liang Xue, Xue Ming, Xue Zeng, Xue Si, Xue Sen, Xue Ying and Xue Quan, and his sisters are Shou Fang, Huai Tong, Huai Qing, Huai Min. As mentioned earlier, several big ladies and Mrs. Shou live in a small brothel. As they grew older, several brothers got married and had children. When Xue Ming, Zhang Xueliang's second brother, married Yao on 1927, the new house was located in this quadrangle, and Zhang Xueliang and he once lived here on 19 18. After Zhang Xueliang was in charge of the Northeast, he decided to tear down the quadrangles and guard barracks in the West Courtyard, and asked famous domestic designers to design seven three-story buildings in British Tudor Gothic style, and prepared to give one to each of his younger brothers. 1930 autumn, international bidding, and finally chose the Dutch construction company that is building Huludao for construction. Both parties signed a contract, and the Dutch side started construction in the spring of 193 1. 193 1 After the September 18th Incident broke out, Zhang Shuaifu fell into the clutches of Japanese imperialism, and General Zhang Xueliang had to inform the Dutch side to stop building the Red Mansion Group, which had already laid the foundation, and completed the basement project. The Dutch company demanded that Zhang Xueliang compensate for all the losses based on the contract. This request was flatly rejected by General Zhang Xueliang, and the Dutch construction company appealed to the International Court of Justice. Zhang Xueliang sent a Commissioner to Geneva to defend himself in court, arguing that all my property, including construction projects, had been forcibly occupied by the Japanese authorities and I should not continue to perform my contractual obligations. The court ruled that the Japanese authorities should undertake the obligation to perform the construction contract. In this case, under the pressure of international public opinion, Japan had to take over the construction contract and pay all the construction costs to the Dutch construction company. So the Dutch construction company continued construction, but the Japanese side changed seven red buildings into six and changed the design position. 1933, the Red Mansion Group in the West Courtyard was formally built. Honglou Group is the largest building with the largest number of houses in Shuaifu. The buildings are all three floors, with one underground floor, including two balcony buildings and four main buildings. The plan and elevation of each building have their own characteristics, but the style is roughly the same. They are all made of triangular mountain flowers, red brick walls and rectangular square windows, and the proportion is firm. Piles, legs, door and window frames and eaves are all made of brightly colored white stones. Although General Zhang has only seen the design drawings and never seen this building, in the Shenyang real estate registration file, the name of "Zhang Xueliang" is still impressively written in the property right column of this red building group. The Red Mansion Group in the West Courtyard is an inseparable part of Zhang Shuaifu.