At first, Spartans had only three blood tribes. Around the end of Homer's time, tribes in five regions developed. From 800 BC to 730 BC, Spartans gradually conquered the whole area of Ragogna. From about 740 BC to 720 BC, Sparta occupied the whole of Messenia in the First Messenian War. About 640 BC-620 BC, the Second Messenian War took place. The reform of Spartan king Lucuku. During the Greek-Persian War, it was the most powerful Greek city-state. After the Peloponnesian War, it declined. Under the rule of Macedonia, Sparta stubbornly maintained its independence despite its weakness. After Achilles IV and Cleomoni III failed to revitalize Sparta, they were forced to join the Arcaya League.