In August 2004, World War I broke out in Europe. Japan, which coveted Qingdao for a long time, took advantage of the fact that Germany was caught in the European war and could not look eastward, declared war on Germany on August 23, and immediately sent a navy to block Jiaozhou Bay. The Japanese army appointed Lieutenant General Hirohiko as the commander, mobilized 50,000 army men with the first 18 division as the main force, equipped with hundreds of artillery pieces and several planes, including heavy siege guns, mountain guns and field guns, and attacked Qingdao from land. The Japanese navy dispatched more than 60 warships of the Second Fleet, under the command of the fleet commander Lieutenant General Masayoshi Kato, to block the Jiaozhou Bay and attack the German troops stationed in Qingdao from the sea, while the first and third fleets guarded and captured the German colonies in the Pacific islands in South China. Facing the Japanese attack, German Governor Waldeck drove tens of thousands of China people to build temporary batteries, dig trenches and fortifications, transport materials and actively prepare for war. At the same time, China's reservists were urgently called to Qingdao to participate in the war, and German troops stationed along the Beijing-Tianjin-Wuhan-Shanghai-Jinan-Ji Jiao railway were transferred to Qingdao. By the time the war broke out, the total strength of the German army in Qingdao had reached more than 45,000. Six cruisers, the main force of the German Far East Fleet, which the Allied Forces were most eager to annihilate, quietly left Hong Kong before the Japanese army surrounded Qingdao, broke through the Japanese blockade, got rid of the encirclement and interception of dozens of warships from Japan, Britain, France, Russia and other countries, and entered the South Pacific and the Indian Ocean to attack and attack respectively. Only a few small destroyers and an old Austrian cruiser remained in Qingdao port. The Germans removed the guns of the old warships, installed them on temporary batteries and used them as land artillery, and buried mines in the foresea channel to prevent Japanese warships from attacking. On September 2nd, the main force of the Japanese army forcibly landed in Longkou, Shandong Province, encroached on the towns along the railways of Huangxian, Yexian, Pingdu, Jimo and Ji Jiao, and advanced to Qingdao. On September 18, the first Japanese army landed in Yangkou Bay, Laoshan, repelled the German guards, and invaded Licun to join the Japanese army in the south. A few days later, 2000 British troops also landed at Yangkou and joined the attack on Qingdao. On September 26th, the Japanese-British allied forces launched an attack on the periphery of Qingdao, occupying the German peripheral positions such as Gushan, Loushan, Luo Quanjian and Fushan, and then launched an all-out attack on the German fortress line. The Japanese artillery bombed the German fortress, and the Japanese navy bombed the coastal defense fortress from the sea. Not to be outdone, the Germans opened fire on each battery together, and the artillery fire was very fierce. Aircraft from both sides also joined the battle, and besides reconnaissance and bombing of the artillery positions of the other side, they also carried out air combat, which became the first air combat in the history of the Asian war. Due to the tight defense of the Germans and the continuous heavy rain, the Japanese attack failed and the battle fell into a stalemate. 10 3 1 is the birthday of Emperor Taishō, Japan, which is called "forever festival" in Japan. On that day, the Japanese army launched a general attack on the Germans in Qingdao. Japanese artillery, with the cooperation of the newly landed naval heavy artillery wing, violently shelled German forts and fortresses. Japanese infantry launched wave after wave of group attacks on various fortresses. The Germans relied on strong fortresses to fight to the death, and the battery also made a fierce counterattack against the Japanese, and the battle was very fierce. 1 65438+1October1day, the Japanese army dumped 1600 tons of artillery shells on German positions, and the number of artillery shells fired by the Germans was also equivalent. After many days of fierce fighting, German ammunition was increasingly scarce, forts and fortresses were increasingly damaged, and firepower was gradually weakened. 165438+1in the early morning of October 7th 1: 30, Japanese commandos took advantage of the extreme exhaustion of the German army to attack the central fortress. After fierce hand-to-hand combat, the central fortress fell. The Germans then concentrated all their artillery fire on the central fortress and organized troops to counterattack in an attempt to recapture the fortress, but failed. The Japanese army took advantage of the situation to attack the fortress from the front and back, and successively captured the fortresses such as Zhanshan and Taitung Town. Fort Ilchis then fell. At 6 o'clock in the morning, Bismarck Nanpu fell. At 6: 30, Bismarck North Fort also fell. At this point, the last line of defense of the Germans collapsed. At 7 o'clock sharp, the Germans hung a white flag on Signal Hill to surrender. In the battle, the Germans killed hundreds of people and captured more than 4,000 people; The Japanese army was killed/kloc-more than 0/000 people. On the eve of surrender, the Germans themselves blew up the battery, and warships and floating docks sank to the bottom of the sea. 19 14 in late September, the Japanese army began to attack the Qingdao defense line stationed by the Germans. Among them, the famous battle is the natural barrier Fushan in the east of Qingdao, which effectively stopped the Japanese army from advancing. Every move of the Japanese vanguard troops was closely monitored by the German reconnaissance team, and they were on the top of Fushan Mountain at an altitude of 330 meters! The Japanese command hated the German reconnaissance team at the top of Fushan Mountain and wanted to get rid of it quickly. Therefore, the occupation of Fushan became the first offensive element of the Japanese army. Only by occupying Fukuyama can we cut off the eyes and ears of the Germans on this line. On the contrary, the Japanese army is condescending and can directly observe the urban situation with binoculars and control a large area here. The high floating mountain stands in the east of the suburb of Qingdao, like a huge landscape mural under the bright moon. The mountains are towering and the terrain is sinister. There are bare rocks everywhere, and it is almost impossible to climb the mountain. The Germans set up a sentry post on the mountain, which can not only monitor every move of the Japanese army, but also observe the activities of the Japanese army in Shazikou area after landing. The warning whistle echoes the Gushan whistle in the north, which plays a role of eyes and ears for the Germans to grasp the overall situation on the whole defense line. The Japanese army regarded him as a thorn in the side and a thorn in the flesh. If we can capture Fushan Mountain, we can overlook the downtown area of Qingdao from this commanding height, which is especially conducive to observing the deployment of the German main defense line. But also provide the location of the shelling target for the second fleet at sea. The Japanese military division decided to capture Fukuyama around September 28. At about 1 am on the 28th, the 4th Middle Team of the 46th United Front of the Japanese Army set out from the vicinity of Shimatou Mountain, ready to occupy the position at an altitude of102m on the north side of Fushan Mountain. 1 1 The squadron also meets him at 3 o'clock. The troops heard that seven or eight Germans stood guard here yesterday, so they immediately sent an advance team of more than 30 people to search for progress. Behind the advance team is the main force, and the cover force 20 meters behind is the engineering detachment led by Captain Goosen. The squadron walked along the mountain at an altitude of 102 meters until it reached the southern valley. However, the mountain is steep, surrounded by huge stones, and several cliffs make it easy for the Japanese army to come to the edge of the cliff when walking. Because it was marching at night, it was impossible to contact other troops, so we had to choose the road, and the troops had to stop for directions many times. At 3: 30 in the morning, the Japanese army was suddenly shot by a rifle while marching, and soon fell into silence. The Japanese couldn't tell the exact location of the shooting, so the squadron leader sent a team of 15 people to search in the southeast foothills of the highlands. At 4: 30, the squadron is still marching on the hillside on the north side of the highland. Unexpectedly, it was shot by the Germans, so the Japanese had to lie down on the spot and observe the surrounding terrain carefully. Near 5 o'clock, it began to turn white slightly, and the Japanese army could see the scenery 20 ~ 30 meters away. It was found that the Germans concentrated their fire on the main position of the squadron, and some Japanese troops fell. The Japanese army decided to move on without knowing how many Germans there were. At this time, two or three German soldiers were shooting at the Japanese army on the cliff in the distance. Seeing this, the Japanese army ordered the vanguard troops to shoot on the spot and let the troops move on. Judging from the gunfire, there should be as many as twenty or thirty Germans. The two sides launched a fierce exchange of fire on the spot. At 5: 20, the Japanese squadron leader was shot in the leg and fell to the ground. He still loudly ordered the troops to charge. The shouts drew countless bullets from the Germans, and one bullet hit his left abdomen and killed him. Captain Gunn Sentaro took over the position of commander. A few minutes later, he rushed about 40 meters in front of the German army and was shot down again. At half past five, it's already dawn. When the Japanese team climbed to a distance of 15 meters from the German position, the Japanese army launched a charge on a nearly vertical cliff. I saw that the German soldiers were still fiercely blocking it. Many Japanese soldiers fell off the cliff after being beaten, and they had to die if they didn't die. The casualties of the Japanese army are increasing, and every step forward will pay a huge price. The Japanese army felt that a frontal attack was unlikely, so it had to flank or flank. At 5: 40, two Japanese soldiers climbed up from the back slope of the mountain and threw grenades into the German trenches, which were quickly killed by the Germans. The Japanese army changed its tactics and stormed the east side of the highland with large troops to attract the attention of the Germans. At the same time, it sent many soldiers to climb the high-rise boulder, came to the top of the German fortress, and shot it down above the German head. At 5: 50, the Japanese army sent a death squad to climb the cliff with a Japanese flag (which was also used by the Japanese army to inform the headquarters that the area had been captured). At the same time, the Japanese army also concentrated several excellent shooters to stop the Germans in the direction of the cliff. The Japanese army slowly approached the top of the mountain under the cover of huge stones. In order to cooperate with the battle, another Japanese team also outflanked from the northwest side of the highland. Fierce fighting continued until the early morning 10, and a large number of Japanese troops concentrated at the foot of the mountain about 700 meters and kept shooting at the Germans on the mountain. The Germans were shot down from three planes by the Japanese army and finally could not hold on. At 1 1: 30 in the morning, a white flag was erected at the top of the mountain to surrender to the Japanese army. The fourth squadron of the Japanese army captured the Germans 15; 1 1: 40, the Germans who resisted at the saddle also laid down their weapons. 12, the Japanese army all captured the highlands around Fushan. The battle captured 58 German soldiers and seized a lot of weapons and ammunition. Twenty-four Japanese soldiers were killed and nearly 100 people were injured. On September 28th, the Japanese army captured the first line of defense of the German army. In order to cooperate with this action, the Japanese Second Fleet arrived in the sea area north of Omiya Island together with British ships, and shelled the German Irgis point (now Taiping point) and Hui Hui point (now Huiquan point) within the effective distance of naval guns to support the army to attack from the side. Another Japanese gunboat also sailed out of Dongjiawan, Laoshan, and bombarded German land positions in the direction of Fushan. After a fierce artillery battle, the Japanese army gradually occupied the first line of defense of the German army. The Japanese army seized four light Krupp field guns, four artillery cars and hundreds of shells in the first-line fortifications of Fushan. 【 According to German historical records, in September 19, the German army sent Lieutenant Dussler to lead 8 noncommissioned officers and 50 soldiers to Fushan Highland, responsible for monitoring the Japanese movement and observing the position of Japanese artillery. On the 20th, the German detachment set up five fortifications on Fushan. On the 26th, ammunition, food and drinking water were delivered to the mountainous areas. In one day, 60,000 bullets, 300 grenades, 2,000 flares and enough food and water for eight days were sent. On 25th, Captain Gulabaofu, the alert commander, took the signal and communication troops (65,438+0 second lieutenants and 6 soldiers) to the highland to check the terrain and meet the German troops stationed in Fushan Highland. The two field commanders stipulated that in battle, Captain Deissler was in command, while in German, Captain Gulabaugh decided whether to retreat or surrender. Before dawn on the 28th, the hilltop sentry found that the Japanese army was trying to climb the main peak of Fushan, and opened fire on the Japanese vanguard troops who had climbed halfway up the mountain. At dawn, the Japanese army appeared on the side and back of the mountain, and two or three Japanese squads surrounded the mountain from three directions. The Germans resisted tenaciously and repelled the Japanese attack many times with platoon guns. In view of the fact that the Japanese army suppressed German shooting in three directions, the Germans gradually could not hold on. After 6:00 in the morning, Captain Gulabao's sentry surrendered to the Japanese. However, Captain Dussler's troops persisted in resisting behind the hilltop guard post and were soon surrounded by Japanese troops. In view of the fact that the German troops were insufficient and could not continue to resist, they decided to surrender. In this battle, two Germans were killed and three were injured. Several German soldiers, led by 1 NCO, slipped off the slings on the cliff, escaped from the encirclement of the Japanese army and returned to the city. At that time, castle wolfenstein was quite dissatisfied with the fall of Fukuyama, and thought that Fukuyama was an important natural warning post for the Germans. I didn't expect there to be an infantry class on the top of the mountain. What a pity. This is also the result of the Japanese army making full use of the night to quietly approach Fushan Mountain and launching a sudden attack while it was unprepared. In addition, the five German fortifications on Fushan Mountain cannot support each other because of the unreasonable distribution of the mountain terrain. There are many dead ends of firepower, which leads to the dispersion of German defense forces and the failure to reach a certain firepower density. The Japanese army can use the cover of rocks to get close to the top of the mountain.