Cook was born in England on 1728. He worked on a coal carrier when he was young, and later served in the Royal Navy (1756— 1763). During his service in the navy, he was ordered to conduct many coastal surveys in the St. Lawrence River in North America and a part of Newfoundland, and forged his tenacious will and tenacious character in these hard work. He mapped the coastline of many areas and made a detailed survey of many areas on the east coast of the North American continent. These outstanding achievements earned him a reputation as an outstanding chartist. Cook grew up in the era of the climax of western exploration. 1767 The Wallis expedition that discovered Tahiti claimed that they had glimpsed the mountains of the southern continent in the afterglow of the Pacific sunset. Then Alexander dalrymple, a famous British visionary explorer, quickly calculated that the population of this continent was 50 million. This discovery shocked the whole of Europe. Because from a long time ago, even in ancient Greece, the so-called southern continent problem has been the focus of scholars' long-term discussion. There is a theory that there are many continents in the northern hemisphere, so from the perspective of balancing the weight of the earth, there should also be a large area of land in the southern hemisphere. Otherwise, because the earth is out of balance, its rotation will inevitably shake from side to side. In fact, the rotation of the earth has been very stable, so we can guess that there must be a southern continent. Another theory further develops this conjecture that there is more land in the center of the South Pole. At that time, some people thought that the so-called southern continent was a combination of Australia, Tasmania and New Zealand that had been discovered at that time. The British government expressed great interest in this discovery of Wallis expedition. In order to find and occupy this continent before other countries and expand the territory of the British empire, the British government sent Cook to sail to find this magical southern continent.