Before the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, almost all people used the word "human" to describe the ancient residents in the south. In the Book of Rites, there is a record of "Nan Man, Tijiaojiao (meaning to depict the frontalis muscle toe jiao)". Nanman has a wide sphere of influence and many subordinates. The Yangtze River basin in the north of Vietnam is the range of activities of Naman tribes, and Chaoshan area is no exception. According to Tongzhi, except Fang Fengjia, the governors of Xia and Shang Dynasties were not in the south of the Yangtze River. The influence of the Zhou Dynasty spread southward, but only to the Yangtze River basin. Moreover, Chu, Wu, Yue and other vassal States only gave Zhou Tianzi a suzerainty, and the people under them were still barbarians.
In the late Spring and Autumn Period, due to the destruction of Wu by Gou Jian, the revitalization of Yue State and the domination of Jiangdong, the Na people began to collectively refer to it as "Yue".
More than 100 years after Gou Jian's death, he mobilized troops to attack Yue State, defeated Yue State, and seized the land of wuyue. So the Vietnamese dispersed to the south in large numbers until they crossed the Wuling Mountains and joined the barbarians who had already been in the south. We don't know how many ethnic groups there are in these Yue people scattered in the south of the Yangtze River. Since the Warring States period, historical records have been collectively referred to as "Baiyue" (or "Baiyue"). Due to the continuous distribution between the tribes from the south and the original tribes, the scattered small tribes are decreasing day by day, so the later historical records mainly record only the branches of Dongyue, Minyue, Nanyue, Xiyue and Luoyue.
"Yu Di Guang Ji" called Chaozhou seven places in Fujian in the Spring and Autumn Period. Books such as Ten Records of Taoism and Records of the Whole World also say that Chaozhou was the land of Fujian and Vietnam in ancient times. However, judging from the fact that South Vietnam owns the whole Lingnan area, Chaozhou should belong to South Vietnam. There was a history of Nanyue State and Jieyang Order in Qin and Han Dynasties. In fact, the southeast corner of Chaozhou is a "border region" of Fujian and Guangdong that is difficult to control by the central sovereign state, and its affiliation is really difficult to determine. But in any case, what is certain is that during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Vietnamese people lived in Chaoshan.
According to the analysis of archaeologists, there are two types of ancient Yue cultural sites. The first is the rice culture in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is obviously different from the Central Plains cultural site where millet crops are mainly planted in the Yellow River basin. The second is the culture of "North Hill (or North Middle)" and "Dune" along the southeast coast. It shows that the ancient Yue people in this area mainly fish, hunt and fish. Beiqiu has been found in Chen Qiao, Chihu, Meilin Lake, Chenghai and other places, and its unearthed tools and animal remains can prove that the living resources of the ancestors in Chaodi mainly came from marine animals. In connection with the coastal defense situation in Chaozhou, in the Tang Dynasty, the tide returned to the city or went directly to Chaozhou. In Jia Dao's poem "Send a Message to Korea for the Recovery of Chaozhou", there is a sentence that "the roots of the city are immersed in the sea, and the old trees are in autumn". It can be seen that today's inland areas were still the coast of the sea 4000 years ago. There is no doubt that the tidal flat in those days was the place where Guyue people engaged in fishing, hunting and fishing.
On the other hand, a large number of bronzes with local characteristics have been unearthed, which shows that the ancient Yue people in Guangdong province had a copper casting industry at the latest at the turn of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. However, a bronze Ge unearthed from Raoping's tomb, which was initially identified by experts, is the earliest bronze found in the whole province so far, and has local characteristics. Obviously, it was not imported from the Central Plains or the Yangtze River basin. It is reported that not long ago, the bronze sword and bronze tripod unearthed in Yunlu, Jieyang were all recognized as having the characteristics of Wuyue culture.
In a word, both the textual research of historical records and archaeological discoveries prove that the ancient inhabitants of Chaodi should be Yue people.
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The Hundred Years Vietnam War initiated by Qin Shihuang and the historical data of the rise and fall of East Vietnam.
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Shi Wang Gou Jia's translation
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