About 4500 years ago, the climate around the world changed dramatically. The temperature dropped and the air became dry.

This is not a bad thing for Baodun people who live in the Sichuan Basin in the eastern inland of Eurasia. They found that plains and swamps flooded by rivers have become fertile land for tribes to live in.

Baodun people established their own city in Chengdu Plain. They built tall walls to resist wild animals and floods, and there were exquisite moats around the walls to drain and flood. All these indicate that the floods in the ancient Chengdu Plain were very serious.

Restoration map of Baodun people's living site

As an early "Chengdu people", Baodun people cultivated rice as their staple food and tamed wild boar and sheep to start animal husbandry. In their spare time, Baodun people will make an appointment with three or five friends and drive a boat to catch shrimps and crabs in the river at their doorstep.

Baodun people give full play to their talents and transform their homes when fighting against nature.

Limited by knowledge, Baodun people used carefully polished stone tools for hunting and farming, and lived in houses built with wooden or bamboo bones and mud walls. Wealthy families can also use exquisite pottery to cook and hold things in daily life.

Baodun people lived in the period of three emperors and five emperors in our myths and legends. At that time, there were no human footprints in most parts of China, and all kinds of wild animals were the overlord of nature.

Covering an area of 2.76 million square meters, Baodun ancient city site is the third largest prehistoric ancient city in China, next only to Liangzhu ancient city in Yuyao, Zhejiang and Taosi ancient city in Xiangfen, Shanxi. At that time, it was like an oasis in the desert, symbolizing the crystallization of the wisdom of human ancestors in the Neolithic Age.

2. Chengdu, the origin of the city name.

After Baodun people, Chengdu Plain ushered in the second ancient civilization-ancient Shu civilization.

? Changes of ancient administrative divisions in Chengdu

As for the specific time when the ancient Shu civilization appeared, Li Bai sighed with emotion: until the two rulers of this area squeezed in in the foggy years! (Can Cong and Yu Fan established the ancient Shu kingdom, but the specific time is too far away to discuss it in detail. )

Aside from sporadic legends, according to the archaeological discoveries of Sanxingdui and Jinsha sites, we can only get a rough time: about 3800 to 2500 years ago.

According to the records of Huayang National Records, after Dayu controlled the water, the world was divided into Kyushu and Chengdu was Liangzhou.

After the defeat, Liangzhou was classified as Yongzhou and was managed by the Fang family. Until the Qin Shihuang period, the county system was implemented, and the officials responsible for managing Chengdu were directly appointed by the court and no longer managed by a tribe.

During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Yongzhou was separated from Liangzhou, and Yongzhou was changed to Liangzhou, and Liangzhou was Yizhou.

The official Fang family was an official position in ancient times. Their duty is to take charge of the map of the world and the official tributes of the four places. Simply put, officials appointed by the imperial court are responsible for planning maps of various places and stipulating the amount of taxes paid by each state. They supervised and collected taxes instead of the emperor.

At that time, the actual ruler of Sichuan was Bashu.

When the crusade, Bashu sent troops to help. Because of their bravery, the kings of these two countries were awarded the title of "Viscount".

The titles of the Zhou Dynasty were divided into five grades: public, Hou, Bo, Zi and public. According to the regulations at that time, viscount was the highest title that a remote country could have, regardless of the size of its territory.

? Three legends about the origin of Chengdu's name

The name of Chengdu has a long history. At least in the Qin Dynasty, "Chengdu" already existed as the name of a city. Historically, there are three theories about the origin of Chengdu's name.

The earliest book explaining the origin of Chengdu's name is "Taiping Universe Volume 72" in the history of music in Song Dynasty: "The week ended in Liangshan, and it became a city in one year and Chengdu in two years, so it was named Chengdu."

A market will be formed within one year and a city will be formed within two years. This sentence describes that Chengdu is a very rich place, where people live and work in peace and contentment and are willing to gather.

There is another saying, which comes from the wasteland in the north of volume 17 of Shan Hai Jing: On the wasteland, there is a mountain named Chengdu, which bears the sky.

According to legend, in ancient times, a tribe named Cheng settled in Chengdu, and their capital was called Chengdu.

The last argument is that the pronunciation of the ancient Shu dialect in Chengdu is "DuDu", which means that the Chengdu Plain is the capital of Shu, and the Central Plains people translated it as "Chengdu".

Chengdu was once the capital of 1 1 regime.

Shi Nianhai, a famous historical geographer, once made statistics in the article "An Overview of the Ancient Capital of China". Since the Warring States Period, nine regimes have taken Chengdu as their capital. If Sanxingdui and Jinsha sites are counted, there are 1 1 regimes that have established their capitals in Chengdu in history.

From the cultural relics unearthed in Sanxingdui, we can know that in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the ancient Shu kingdom was closely related to the Central Plains dynasty, and the Shu road was difficult to pass, but it did not stop the spread of culture.

Influenced by the culture of the Central Plains, the ancient Shu ancestors advocated golden jade and recognized the moral values of the Central Plains dynasty. In their belief, the ancestors of the ancient Shu kingdom respected witch culture and believed that everything was animistic.

Since Zhang Yi and Sima Cuo led the annexation of Shu and directly brought it into the Qin ruling system, Chengdu has entered the first high-speed development stage.

The Dujiangyan water conservancy project built by Li Bing and his son not only solved the flood problem of Minjiang River, but also irrigated millions of acres of fertile land in Chengdu Plain and became the granary of Qin Dynasty.

The unique geographical location has made Chengdu a great advantage as a rear base. In ancient society, we can find the splendid figure of Chengdu in past dynasties.