Sculpture refers to folk works of art, which mainly include clay sculpture, dough sculpture, pottery sculpture, sugar sculpture, rice flour kneading products, paste patting, colored glaze, glass and other plastic arts. Plastic arts often rely on artists to perform arts and shape by hand. Because they are different from sculptures in creative techniques, their artistic effects are also different. Plastic arts are often combined with painting and decorative techniques, and painting is carried out after molding, so as to increase the ornamental, symbolic and auspicious atmosphere of artistic works. For example, typical works in clay sculpture include Hand Trick by Huishan, Jiangsu, Clay Dog by Huaiyang, Henan, noodle soup in Beijing, and works by noodle man Lang. Nami toys, such as Nibobo, Wisdom Fofo Agbo, Fengxiang clay sculpture, Beijing male prostitute, Mid-Autumn moon cake, Tuoguo and Sugar Man, are typical plastic folk arts. Some folk masks and utensils are made of paper pulp, while glass and sugar people use blow molding, which is also a plastic arts. Clay sculpture art is an ancient folk art in China. It is made of clay by hand kneading or punching, or plain or multicolored, with figures and animals as the main characters.

From the Neolithic Age to the Han Dynasty, a large number of pottery figurines, pottery beasts, pottery carts, pottery boats and so on appeared in a large number of archaeological excavations in China. Some are hand-pinched, and some are molded. In the funeral custom of ancestors in Han Dynasty, clay statues were widely used as funerary objects. In the Tang Dynasty, clay sculpture reached its peak. Yang Huizhi, known as the master of sculpture, is one of the outstanding representatives. With the development of clay sculpture art in Song Dynasty, not only the large-scale Buddha statues with religious themes continued to prosper, but also the small clay toys developed. Many people specialize in clay figurines and sell them as commodities. After the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the Republic of China, clay sculpture art works are still circulating in the society, which can be used to watch the furnishings and let children play. Tianjin, Huishan in Wuxi, Jiangsu, Dawu in Guangdong, Fengxiang in Shaanxi, Xunxian in Henan, Huaiyang and Beijing are still important producing areas of traditional clay sculpture. China's traditional food culture has a long history. According to the literature, there were dough sculptures in the Han Dynasty. The Song Dynasty recorded the custom of using dough sculptures in Spring Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and wedding celebrations. The earliest existing ancient dough figurines are female dough figurines, male upper body figurines and pig dough figurines unearthed in the tomb of the 4th year of Yonghui in Tang Dynasty (AD 653) found in Astana tomb in Turpan, Xinjiang. In the Qing Dynasty, there were craftsmen who made dough figurines for a living. Today, most parts of northern China still retain the craft and customs of dough sculpture.

Generally speaking, dough sculptures are divided into ornamental dough sculptures and edible dough flowers (or steamed bread). Pastry for viewing is usually made of refined flour, glutinous rice flour, salt, preservative and sesame oil, while dough for eating is made of powdered flour and raw flour. The different materials make the two kinds of dough sculptures slightly different in the production process.

The making tools of edible flour flowers are simple, and they all depend on women's ingenuity. The method is to knead flour into dough, and then shape the dough with scissors, kitchen knife and comb. Ornamental and decorative dough sculptures are made by pouring boiling water into flour, glutinous rice flour and preservatives, stirring with chopsticks, and then repeatedly kneading dough evenly. Then add magenta, magenta, magenta blue, white powder, pot smoke black and other colors to the noodles to make noodles with various colors, and then knead, knead, cut, pick, press, glue and other processes to shape the image. You can also use some feathers, cotton, etc. to decorate hair, beard, etc., so that a complete image appears.

Edible noodles or steamed bread used for holiday customs are very popular in northern China, where pasta is the main food. Edible flour flowers are distributed in Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shandong provinces in the Yellow River valley, as well as rural areas in Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and Northeast China. Noodles are mainly produced in Beijing, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Beijing has the highest artistic level of dough sculpture. China's puppet art reflects the profound characteristics of China culture from different aspects. From the perspective of materials and manipulation methods, puppet art has different forms, such as lifting thread, rod head, palm, iron branch, medicine hair, water power and so on. From the repertoire, there are historical legends, myths and legends, fables and so on. , heaven and earth, infatuation, realistic sketches, can be described as varied; From the modeling point of view, it can be as big as the height of people (the height of the big puppet in Han Dynasty is 193 cm) or less than one foot. Even heads can be made as big as thumbs, and patterns with correct facial features, accurate proportions, balanced lines and bright colors can be carved. For example, the staff-headed puppet in western Guangdong, the scholar Chen Qiulin in Fairy Lotus, Pig Bajie and Niu Wangmo in Monkey King Thrice Defeats the Skeleton Demon, all maintain a harmonious proportion even if the genie exaggerates.

Modern puppets in western Guangdong can move freely with their eyes, and can create actions such as opening eyes, blinking and blinking. According to the needs of expression, handy and vivid. The folk puppet head of Wuqiao in southern Hebei is exaggerated, concise and unique; Some are close to Tang ladies and Dunhuang colored sculptures; Some of them are close to China traditional opera masks, but they are flexible, funny and flexible.

On the other hand, the puppet show is also a portrayal of social life, and many emperors and literati have been touched by heartstrings and issued heartfelt sighs. For example, during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Wang Yan, the former ruler of Shu and the later ruler of Shu, felt a lot after seeing the puppet and tasted the cloud:

"Cut off the road and break the geometry of life! Some people are puppets. 」