1. This poem vividly and typically shows the breath of the late Tang Dynasty, reminds people of the fate of the late Tang Dynasty from Chen Houzhu's debauchery and national subjugation, and euphemistically and implicitly expresses the poet's deep thinking on history and reality. It is profound in content and emotion, with endless implications and thought-provoking.

2, the original poem and appreciation:

A berth on the Qinhuai River

Dynasty: Tang Dynasty

Author: Du Mu

Original text:

Smoke cage cold water moon cage sand, night parking near Qinhuai restaurant.

Strong women in business don't know how to hate their country, but they still sing backyard flowers across the river.

Appreciate:

This poem is nostalgic. Jinling was once the capital of the Six Dynasties, and it was prosperous for a while. Today, seeing the decline of the Tang dynasty, those in power are fatuous and dissolute, and it is inevitable to repeat the mistakes of the Six Dynasties, and feel infinite sorrow. The first sentence describes the scenery, first trying to render the elegant night by the water; Two narratives, pointing out the location of parking at night; Three or four feelings, from the "near the restaurant" leads to the songs of merchant girls, restaurants have many songs, which are naturally free and easy; From decadent songs, it leads to "I don't know how to die and hate my country", attacking the powerful gentry for indulging in debauchery, which has profound implications; The tune of "backyard flower" is quoted from "national subjugation and hatred", which uses Chen Houzhu's poems to lash out at the debauchery of powerful people, which is profound and sharp. These two sentences express sober feudal intellectuals' worries about state affairs, and also reflect that bureaucrats and nobles are filling their decadent and empty souls with singing and dancing, leading a drunken life, which is a portrayal of two different aspects in the real life of the decline of the late Tang Dynasty. "Strong women in business don't know how to hate the country, and they also sing" backyard flowers "across the river." "Flowers in the Garden of Yushu" is said to have been written by Chen Houzhu in the Southern Dynasties, and is called "the voice of national subjugation" by later generations. "Across the River" inherits a story of "national subjugation and hatred for the rich", which means that the Sui soldier Chen Shijiang was in Jiangbei, and the small court in the Southern Dynasties was in danger across the river, while Chen Houzhu was still addicted to singing, and finally he was captured and died. Literally, these two poems seem to criticize the singer, but in fact, the poet feels the decline of state affairs and the decline of the world in the late Tang Dynasty, criticizing those rulers who are addicted to singing and dancing and "don't know" that the country will die. The word "still singing" is meaningful, which skillfully links history, reality and imagined future, and shows the poet's concern and anxiety about the fate of the country.