Site of Nantou Ancient City: Beside Shennan Avenue in Nanshan District.
Archaeological Archives: Nantou Ancient City, namely the Shouqian House in Dongguan, was built in the 27th year of Ming Hongwu, and became the residence of Panyu Salt Officials, one of the 28 salt officials in China, which was called "Dongguan" in history. At present, the ancient city is an irregular rectangle, with a wall range of 680 meters from east to west and 500 meters from north to south. There are nine roads in the city, six vertical and three horizontal, commonly known as "Nantou Jiujie", and some gates are still preserved. There are 39 historical buildings in the city, such as Wen Tianxiang Memorial Hall, Dongguan Guild Hall and Baode Temple, and 39 houses with Lingnan and Nanyang architectural styles in Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Historical location: Nantou ancient city is the witness of Shenzhen 1670 city history. From 1983 to 1985, six buildings in nantou ancient city were listed as municipal cultural relics protection units; 1988 nantou ancient city was listed as a municipal cultural relics protection unit; In 2002, Nantou Ancient City was listed as a provincial cultural relics protection unit.
Wubeiling Shang Tomb Site: The Peak of Wubeiling Village, Xili, Nanshan
Archaeological archives: discovered in 1999, excavated in April 2006 at 5438+0, with an excavation area of 1400 m2. A total of 94 Shang tombs were found, all of which were vertical holes and pits. The funerary objects are mainly pottery, including pots, beans, cans, bowls and statues. Decorative patterns include zigzag patterns, checkered patterns, cirrus patterns and so on. Stone tools are mainly pebbles, with a small amount of jade spears, lower blocks and crystal blocks. The tombs are divided into three periods, the first period is from the late Neolithic Age to the early Shang Dynasty, and the second and third periods are from the middle Shang Dynasty to the early Western Zhou Dynasty.
Historical position: The materials in the second and third phases of this tomb filled the gaps in archaeological chronology in the Pearl River Delta, Hong Kong and Macao, and contributed to the study of Guangdong's cultural features, social development, tomb layout and burial customs in Shang Dynasty, and made contributions to China's frontier archaeology in Shang Dynasty. Among them, Xiliwubeiling site is a typical hill site, which is a relatively simple, large-scale and concentrated ancient cultural site dominated by Shang Dynasty, filling the gap of cultural relics archaeology in Shenzhen, and is called "it is possible to reveal the panorama of ancient cultural sites from Neolithic Age to Qin Dynasty".
Neolithic Site of Xiantouling: On the seawall of Xiantouling Village, Dapeng Town, Longgang District.
Archaeological archives: discovered in 198 1 year, after three excavations. The site covers an area of10.3 million square meters, and a large number of ceramic household utensils have been unearthed, mainly sand-gray pottery, with a small amount of finely carved argillaceous white pottery and gray pottery. Individual cultural relics include ochre red pottery clothes. 74 grinded stone tools, 16 hammered stone tools and 98 natural stone tools were also unearthed.
Historical position: The site has attracted great attention of relevant experts in the country. The cultural characteristics of this site are representative among the dune cultural sites in the middle Neolithic period in the Pearl River Delta, so it was named "Xiantouling Culture". This means that the Neolithic culture in Shenzhen not only occupies an important position in Guangdong province, but also enjoys a place in the contemporary culture of the whole country.
Dapeng ancient city Site: Pengcheng, Dapeng Town, Longgang District
Archaeological archives: In the twenty-seventh year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, Dapeng City was built to defend against pirates and pirates. There are three main streets in this city: Dongmen Street, Nanmen Street Street and Zheng Jie Street. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were buildings in the city, such as Zuo Yingbu, the senator's house, the garrison department and the military uniform bureau. At present, the base sites of Xiancheng Department, Guandi Temple, Zhao Gong Temple and Gong Yan Temple still exist. The East Gate and the South Gate are still the same as in the Ming Dynasty. There is also the "General Wei Zhen Mansion" built in Jiaqing and Daoguang years of Qing Dynasty, that is, the residence of Lord Lai Enjue, governor of Guangdong Navy, and the "General Mansion" of Liu Qilong, governor of Fujian Navy, which is large in scale and many Qing Dynasty houses are well preserved.
Historical Status: 1983 and 1984, Shenzhen listed Dapeng East Gate, South Gate, General Wei Zhen of Lai Enjue and General Liu Qilong as the first and second batch of municipal cultural relics protection units in Shenzhen respectively. 1989 dapeng ancient city was announced by Guangdong province as a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit; In 2001June, it was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit.
Tiezai Mountain Tomb Site: South Slope of Tiezai Mountain, Xixiang Town, Baoan District
Archaeological archives: the results of rescue archaeological excavations conducted by Shenzhen archaeologists from June to March 2000. The tomb group covers an area of about 6,543,800 square meters, with an excavation area of 3,585 square meters. From the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, 248 ancient tombs were discovered and more than 400 cultural relics were unearthed. Among the 248 ancient tombs, there are 5 tombs in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, 36 tombs in the Southern Dynasties, 4 tombs in the Song Dynasty and 203 tombs in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Historical location: Tiezai Mountain Tomb is a powerful witness to the history of Shenzhen in 1670. The long history, large number, dense tombs and diverse shapes of this tomb area are rare not only in Guangdong Province, but also in the whole country, which provides important physical data for studying the historical development and evolution of Shenzhen, Hong Kong and even southeastern Guangdong. This historical site was listed as a major national archaeological discovery in 2000. Experts pointed out that among the ancient tombs of Tiezai Mountain, the porcelain unearthed in the tombs of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties is not a local product of Shenzhen, but may be the product of the early Hongzhou kiln located in Fengcheng, Jiangxi Province. Most of the blue and white porcelain unearthed in the Ming Tombs are products of Jingdezhen kiln in Jiangxi, which shows that the commodity economy in Shenzhen has developed in these two periods.
Tomb site of Dameisha in the Spring and Autumn Period: on Dameisha seaside embankment.
Archaeological archives: The tomb group was discovered in 1982, 1992 and 1993, with an excavation area of 2,405 square meters. The tombs are rectangular vertical holes, 2.3-4.5 meters long in the northeast, and some dig a small pit with a diameter of about 20 cm near the bottom of the tomb. 39 funerary objects were unearthed, including bronzes 1 1, pottery 2 1 and stone tools 7. Among them, M6 tomb has the most funerary objects, with 4 bronzes, 3 pottery and 2 stone tools unearthed, which shows that there was a great difference between the rich and the poor at that time, the division of labor between men and women was clear, and there may be frequent struggles between ethnic groups.
Historical position: The site was the largest sand dune site excavated in Guangdong at that time, and the number of tombs and bronzes found was unprecedented among the sand dune sites in Guangdong, which filled the gap in Guangdong archaeological chronology and provided rare and precious materials for studying the social situation and ancient Yue folk customs in this period.
Zhongying Street Site: Shatoujiao, Shenzhen
Archaeological archives: After the British colonialists occupied Hong Kong and Kowloon, they forcibly leased a vast area north of the border of Kowloon Peninsula and south of Shenzhen River, including more than 230 islands, for 99 years. 1899 After Britain took over the New Territories, boundary pillars were erected, with Sha Tau Kok on the Chinese border in the east and Sha Tau Kok on the British border in the west. 19411February, Japanese imperialism occupied Hong Kong, demolished boundary pillars No.3 to No.7 Zhongying Street and renamed it Zhongxing Street. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, it was renamed Zhongying Street.
Historical location: Zhongying Street and boundary markers are historical witnesses of China's poverty and backwardness, the decline of the Qing Dynasty and the imperialist crazy invasion of China; It is a historical witness to the victory of China's revolution, reform and opening up and Hongkong's return to the motherland. It has been listed as a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit, and Zhongying Street History Museum has become a patriotic education base in Guangdong Province and Shenzhen City.