Colonialism is an aggressive policy that powerful countries turn backward countries into their colonies, semi-colonies or dependent countries through various means of aggression. Modern capitalist colonialism began at the end of 15 when pirates plundered Spain, Portugal and other countries. 17-18th century, major capitalist countries successively made a series of backward countries lose their independent status to varying degrees and become their vassals. /kloc-from the end of 0/9 to the beginning of the 20th century, capitalism developed to the stage of imperialism. Imperialism divided the world economically, and at the same time launched a fierce struggle to divide the world territory.

Western powers oppress, enslave and exploit' backward' countries and turn them into their own colonies and semi-colonies. Its manifestations change with the different stages of capitalist development. In different periods of capitalist development, colonialism has different manifestations. During the primitive accumulation of capital period, naked violence was often used, such as armed occupation, overseas migration, piracy, fraudulent trade and bloody slave trade. In the period of free capitalism, underdeveloped countries, nationalities and regions are mainly turned into their own commodity markets, raw materials producing areas, investment places, cheap labor and mercenaries through the form of "free trade".

In different periods of capitalist development, colonialism has different manifestations. During the imperialist period, in addition to the above means, capital export became the main form of exploitation of these countries, nationalities and regions. 19 At the end of the 20th century, countries and regions that became colonies and semi-colonies in the world formed an imperialist colonial system. After the Second World War, colonial and semi-colonial national independence movements surged, and a large number of Asian and African countries gained independence, destroying the imperialist colonial system. Countries pursuing colonial policies turned to indirect, hidden and deceptive forms to safeguard and seek colonial interests.

Politically, on the one hand, colonial and semi-colonial independence is allowed and recognized, on the other hand, control is exercised by cultivating or fostering agents; Economically, in the form of providing "assistance", we control the economic lifeline of these countries and plunder them by means of harsh loans, unequal trade and the organization of multinational companies; Militarily, in the form of providing military "assistance", these countries set up military bases, sent troops, sent military advisers, helped train troops, and carried out disguised military occupation. In order to achieve their strategic goals, they even instigated a coup, provoked a civil war and fostered a puppet regime. These are collectively called neo-colonialism.